Physical ScienceChapter 15 Quiz Study Guide

This quiz will be over Chapter 15 of the textbook. The PowerPoint notes for this chapter are available on Coach Dixon’s website. There are two sections to this chapter: Composition of Matter and Properties of Matter. The quiz is worth 50 points.

  1. Matter has mass and takes up space.
  2. Matter is classified as substances and mixtures.
  3. Matter is classified as substances and mixtures.
  4. A substance is composition definite (has a fixed composition). A substance can either be an element or a compound.
  5. In an element, all of the atoms are the same.
  • Elements are listed on the Periodic Table (for example: Copper= Cu, Lead= Pb, Potassium = K)
  1. A compound is made of two or more elements combined. The atoms of two or more elements are combined in a fixed proportion.
  • Some examples of compounds include NaCl (sodium Chloride made from Sodium and Chlorine- two elements), H2O (Water- made from Hydrogen and Oxygen- two elements), and CaCO3 (Calcium carbonate- made from Calcium and Carbon and Oxygen- 3 elements)
  • A compound is not a mixture
  1. A mixture is composition variable. A mixture is made of two or more substances that can be easily separated by physical means.
  • If you were given a mixture of salt and sand, what would be the best way to separate this mixture?
  1. Matter has mass and takes up space.
  2. Matter is classified as substances and mixtures.
  3. Substances include compounds and elements.
  4. Mixtures include heterogeneous mixtures and homogeneous mixtures.
  • Heterogeneous mixtures are unevenly mixed (for example: pizza, root beer floats, granite) and different materials can be easily distinguished. Most of the substances you come in contact with every day are heterogeneous mixtures.
  • A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle. For example, muddy water and river deltas are both examples of a suspension.
  • Homogeneous mixtures are also known as ______
  • Homogeneous mixtures contain two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substances blended evenly throughout.
  1. Circle One: When sugar and salt are mixed together, the final substances are (different from/ the same as) those of the beginning substances.
  2. A colloid is a type of mixture with particles that are larger than those in solutions but not heavy enough to settle out.
  • Colloids have the ability to scatter light. Solutions do not. The ability of the colloids to scatter light is the Tyndall Effect.
  • Examples of colloids include milk, fog, gelatin, and paint.
  1. A physical change is a change in size, shape, or state of matter. Some examples of physical change include the following: boiling water, bursting of a balloon, change in color, change in density, melting point, crumpling paper, freezing of water.
  2. A chemical change occurs when one substance changes to another substance. Some examples of chemical change include: burning, odor release, heat release, combustion, reacts when a chemical to form a gas, can neutralize a base, and acid rain falling on to limestone.
  • When a log burns in a fire, a chemical change occurs because a new substance forms.
  1. The Law of Conservation of Mass: In any chemical change, mass is neither gained nor lost.
  • The mass of all substances that are present before a chemical change equals the mass of all the substances that remain after the change.
  • Total mass of reactants = total mass of products or initial mass = final mass
  • Circle one: When a log burns in a fire, a chemical change, the mass is lost/gained/conserved.