Bibliography
11 Appendix: A Course in Cross-Cultural Research
What to expect
The student in a course on cross-cultural research will need to become familiar, as part of a learning curve in the class, with
A glossary of terms that define some of the salient concepts in one or more topics that lend themselves to research investigation using cross-cultural data.
Several ethnographies.
The existing body of cross-cultural data, such as the Standard Sample (Murdock and White 1969) or the Ethnographic Atlas (Murdock 1967).
Methods for cross-cultural analysis.
Software that is useful to apply methodological strategies to existing data or, in some courses, data that is assembled by the students themselves from the reading of ethnographies.
Posing and testing of competing hypotheses
Simple statistics such as correlation coefficients (methods of association) and tests of the statistical significance of departures of observed empirical patterns from what might be expected from data that have no particular pattern such that the observed variation (e.g., the observed association) is random.
Some of the existing social science and anthropological literature on topics of concern to the course or to the student.
Perusal and search techniques to interrogate on-line research materials (coded variables, topically indexed, codebooks) and library or on-line references (the sources of data and of previous studies on selected topics) so as to identify and select a series of variables for investigation within the timeframe of the courses, and used in developing a term project.
Outcome
In my course, 174AW (World Cultural Comparisons), which is also a research writing course, the outcome is progression through a series of steps whereby the students attain sufficient proficiency on the learning curve of items listed above that they can propose to investigate the relationships between as pair of topics, select and experiment with variables available for the study of those topics (multiple variables on each providing for assessment of reliability), proceed to testing for correlations expected from the student’s hypotheses (or hypotheses derived from the literature), and eventually to develop a rough draft, a classroom presentation of findings, and a final draft of the results of a completed investigation.
Tools. As in the example of Table 1.1, Spss, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, is one of the primary tools available for analysis of statistical patterns in cross-cultural data.
Spss. Cross-tabulations work as follows (see instructions above, as well as on-line at To merge files, click Data, Merge Files, Add Variables, and then the window above will open for a second time and you may select a second (third, etc.) file to merge with the existing data. For instructions for opening and merging files, for locating codebooks see
Statistics. Correlations and significance tests.
MapTab and Maps. Ethno-Atlas.
Topics and Terms.
Glossary
List of Topics
Resources.
On-line articles, e.g., JSTOR “Polygyny”
Bibliography
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