MODALS (1)
1 Complete the sentences. Use the words in the box
doesn’t have to can can’t don’t have to couldn’t had to
have to might might not must didn’t have to mustn’t
1 He hasn’t eaten anything since breakfast. He ______be very hungry by now.
2 I ______be able to come to the party, but I’d like to. It depends on whether I finish my homework.
3 Try phoning Sal or Mick. John ______be with them, but I’m not sure.
4 You can come with me if you want, but you ______.
5 It’s a very formal dinner. You ______wear a suit.
6 Suzy didn’t pass her exams. She ______be very happy.
7 This is a secret. You ______tell anyone.
8 I ______wear glasses when I was young, but I don’t now.
9 She’s very amusing. She ______tell great jokes.
10 It was embarrassing because I ______remember her name.
11 Connie is very clever. She ______study as hard as the rest of us.
12 They ______wear traditional clothes, but they wanted to.
2 Complete each sentence so that it contains the words given.
1. I’m completely wet! We ………………………………………………………………. (should/take/umbrella)
2. I’ve lost my bag. I think I ……………………………………………………………….(must/leave/bus)
3. I tried to phone Sam, but I ………………………………………………………………(couldn’t/get through)
4. I forgot kate’s birthday. I ………………………………………………………………..(should/buy/present)
5. The cat doesn’t like fruit! It ……………………………………………………………… (can’t/eat/orange)
6. Jo hasn’t turned up yet. I suppose she …………………………………………………(might/forget/address-)
7. I did badly in the test. I ……………………………………………………………………(ought/harder)
8. It’s a shame we didn’t go on holiday. We …………………………………………………(could/good time)
3 Rewrite the sentences so that it has a similar meaning and contains the word given.
1. I’m sure you dropped your wallet at the bus-stop (MUST)
You must have dropped your wallet at the bus-stop
2. Maybe Joanna missed the last bus (MIGHT)
3. Peter knew how to skate when she was 12. (ABLE)
4. Emma was wrong not to tell you the answer (SHOULD)
5. It wasn’t necessary for us to pay to get it (DIDN’T)
6. It wasn’t necessary for me to buy any food yesterday (NEED)
7. I’m sure that Diana didn’t take your books (CAN’T)
8. Perhaps David didn’t notice you (MIGHT)
4 Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown.
1. You were wrong to study so late!
You shouldn’t have studied
2. Did you manage to stop him?
Were……………………………………….
3. It wasn’t necessary to work hard
I didn’t……………………………………
4. Perhaps Tim has lost his way
Tim might ……………………………….
5. It was possible for you to hurt yourself
You could…………………………………..
EXERCISES ON MODALS (2)
OBLIGATION
1) Complete the sentences with must, mustn´t, or a suitable form of have (got) to.
a. We ……………… hurry, or we´ll be late.
b. `Application forms ……………… be returned to this office within 15 days.´
c. You ………………… visit us again some time.
d. I can never remember people´s phone numbers. I always …………….. look them up.
e. The car broke down, and we ……………………… have it towed to a garage.
f. The situation has now become intolerable, and something …………….. be done about it immediately.
g. I realize how difficult the situation is, but you ……………… try not to let it get you down.
h. `Visas where required ……………….. be obtained in advance of travel to the countries concerned.´
i. I´m sorry to ………………. tell you this, but you leave me no alternative.
j. It´s not fair! I always ……………………… do the dirty work!
2) Rewrite the clauses in italics, using any modal of obligation or lack of obligation.
a. It isn´t necessary for us to leave so soon. The show doesn´t start till eight.
b. You´re not obliged to come just to please me.
c. I don´t think it´s necessary for us to take his threats too seriously.
d. It isn´t necessary for you to decide immediately. You can let me know tomorrow.
e. It´s a public holiday tomorrow, so you ´re not obliged to go to work.
f. You´re not obliged to take my word for it. You can go and see for yourself.
g. It was quite unnecessary for you to have told John anything. It was none of his business.
h. I shan´t be able to come tomorrow, but it´s unnecessary for this to make any difference to your plans.
i. They offered him the job on the strength of his letter. He wasn´t even required to have an interview.
j. Unless you choose to tell him yourself, it is unnecessary for him ever to discover what happened.
POSSIBILITY
1) Rewrite the clauses in italics, using any modal of possibility
a. I don´t think that Sally enjoyed her holiday
b. It is possible that Bill saw me.
c. Perhaps Alan didn´t mean what he said.
d. I am sure that Karen was a beautiful baby.
2) Complete the sentences with POSSIBILITY modals and a suitable verb
a. Brian has got three houses, six cars, a yacht and a helicopter. He ………………………………. a lot of money.
b. (the doorbell rings) I wonder who that is. It ______Jim, but I´m not sure.
c. I wonder why Tom isn´t at work today. I suppose he ______ill
d. Jack´s putting on his hat and coat. He ______
e. It is impossible! I am doing an exam! I ______to you now!
ABILITY
3) Complete the sentences with ABILITY modals
a. He had hurt his leg, so he ______walk very well.
b. She wasn´t at home when I phoned but I ______contact her at her office.
c. I looked very carefully and I …………………………… see a figure in the distance.
d. They didn´t have any tomatoes in the first shop I went to, but I ______get some in the next shop.
e. My grandmother loved music. She ______play the piano very well
f. The boy fell into the river but fortunately we ______rescue him.
4) Complete the following sentences with ANY modal. Be careful if the sentences are past!!
a. I feel like having another glass of wine. ______I?
b. The doctor ______asked for a second opinion before telling her that she had a cancer. It wasn´t true!!
c. After many conversations, we ______(not) get to any agreement.
d. We are enough people to do the job. You ______(not) come if you don´t want to.
e. I know I ______(not) to do the Extra Exercises, but I did them any way.
f. Application forms ______be given to the secretary
g. You ______go to the dentist at least once a year.
h. If you want to live, you ______(not) move.
i. That ______(not) be Adam. Adam is much taller
j. I ______speak four languages when I was 15.
k. Your car ______(be) stolen, but I am not sure.
l. ______(not) you see the signal? You ______(not) step on the grass.
m. ______I ask you another question, professor Thompson?
n. It is strange. In normal conditions I ______won the international race. But I didn´t!!
o. ______write the exam in pencil, teacher?
p. You ______be joking!!
q. You ______(not) be serious!!