This Test Review Is in Preparation for a Chemistry Test on Thursday October 21St______
This test review is in preparation for a topo maps/continental drift TEST on Thursday, February 13th ______
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TEST Review: Week 21 DCA
Topographic Maps & Continental Drift
1) Draw a topographic map. Show the following.I will grade this when turn in tomorrow…
A. At least 10 contour lines and at least two index contours
B. A road
C. A river/or creek
D. The scale
E. A compass rose
F. A depression
G. A hill or mountain; be sure to show the peak
H. Be sure that the hill/mountain has one steep side and one area with a more gradual slope
I. On the side of bottom of the map, show the contour interval
J. Mark/label the area on the map with the highest elevation.
K. Mark & label the area on the map with the lowest elevation.
L. Mark the area on the map with the steepest slope.
2) Define each of the underlined words in #1
contour lines - A contour line is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth connecting points of equal elevation.
index contours - Every fifth contour is printed darker. If the contour interval on a map is 20 feet, then the 100', 200', 300' (etc.) contours will be index contours.
scale - measure ground distances
compass rose – a design on a map that shows directions.
depression – an area on a map where the elevation goes down. It is marked by hachures.
peak – the highest point of a mountain.
contour interval - The vertical spacing (difference in elevation) between contour lines.
3) Explain how to recognize a creek or streambed on a topographic map. Explain how to know the direction it is flowing (compared to “uphill”).Remember that streams and rivers flow downhill (from higher elevations to lower elevations). Note that where a contour line crosses a stream or river (or even a dry gully or valley), the contour lines are bent sharply, forming a "V". The point of the "V" points uphill or upstream.
4) What is Pangaea?The name of the supercontinent that Wagener proposed broke up and moved forming the present day continents.
5) Who came up with the idea of “Continental Drift?”Alfred Wagener
6) What are the four evidences used to support continental drift? Give an example of each.
- Jigsaw puzzle fit. EX. Africa and S. America seem to fit together.
- Fossils. EX. Fossils of a freshwater reptile (Mesosaurus) are found in Africa and S. America. It could not swim across the ocean.
- Glaciers. EX. Evidence of glaciers have been found in India where it is impossible for a glacier to form today.
- Rock and Mountain. EX. Evidence of similar rock layers and mountain chains have been found in Africa and S. America.
7) The puzzle-like fit of the continents is one of the evidences given to explain continental drift (yes, this should be one of your answers for #8!), but the continents don’t fit together perfectly. Why?Erosion has occurred along the shorelines.
8) What was the “missing explanation” that continental drift failed to offer?HOW! It could not explain how the continents moved.
9) There are three “plate actions” that can occur (toward each other, apart, and sliding past). Name them. Draw a sketch of each. Show what geologic features occur at each.
- Convergent: Folded Mountains, Volcanic Islands, deep sea trenches
- Divergent: Mid ocean ridge, rift valley
- Transform: Faults
10) Explain sea-floor spreading (and diagram it). What is it used as “evidence” for?
•Sea floor spreading is evidence for plate tectonics
11) Explain the relationship between the location of volcanoes/earthquakes and plate tectonics.
•Most volcanoes and earthquakes occur along plate boundaries
•this creates a “dot to dot!”
12) What causes the gigantic tectonic plates move? Diagram it and be sure to include at least two plates moving toward each other and two moving away from each other.
•Convection currents in earth’s mantle cause tectonic plates to move.
13) Diagram how hot-spot volcanoes are used to determine the direction of plate movement.
14) What determines if a plate will slide under another?
•Denser crustal material tends to subduct or slide under a less dense crustal material.
15) What type of plate movement is happening in California?
•A transform plate boundary; two plates sliding past each other. Causes lots of earthquakes.
16) What type of plate movement is happening in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean?
•A divergent plate boundary; two plates moving away from each other. Causes the mid-ocean ridge.
17) Define weathering and erosion.Weathering is the process where rock is dissolved, worn away or broken down into smaller and smaller pieces. Once the rock has been weakened and broken up by weathering it is ready for erosion. Erosion happens when rocks and sediments are picked up and moved to another place by ice, water, wind or gravity.