1st Quarter Exam Study Guide
Suggested Sources to help you fill out Study Guide:
Unit 1 Quiz: Paleolithic to Neolithic
Unit 2 Quizzes
Vocabulary Cards
Class Notes
Online Quizzes
Study Guides
Tips:
-Level 1: Look over your notes!
-Level 2: Do bonus quizzes online!
-Level 3: Make flash cards of these terms using your notes!
-Level 4: Quiz your friend using old quizzes and notes
-Level 5: Teach a friend or family member a topic.
-*Come to General’s Period to study.
Terms to Know:
Mesopotamia:
Sumer
Pictograph
Cuneiform
Legal code
Hammurabi’s Code
Empire
CityState
Sargon
Nebuchadnezzar
Hierarchy
Ziggurat
Fertile Crescent
Egypt
Pyramid
Delta
Hieroglyphics
Theocracy
Silt
Papyrus
Polytheism
Pharaoh
Mummification
Cataract
Hebrews
Abraham
Moses
David
Solomon
Diaspora
Exile
Exodus
Ten Commandments
Torah
Monotheism
Jerusalem
Sabbath
Synagogue
Other:
Alphabet (Phoenicians)
India
Harrapa
Mohenjo Daro
Subcontinent
Monsoon
MESOPOTAMIA(Sumer, Babylonia)
RED / EGYPT
GREEN / NUBIA/KUSH
(South of Egypt)
YELLOW / China
ORANGE / India
BROWN
TIME PERIOD
(dates) / See notes
GOVERNMENT / Theocracy
King of city-state
Sargon first Empire Builder (Akkadians)
Several Empires followed (Babylonian, Assyrian, Neo-Babylonian/Chaldean, Persian Empires)
Hammurabi’s Code: First law code / Theocracy
Ruler known as the Pharaoh
Ruled over a united Upper and Lower Egypt / Theocracy
Queens ruled as well
Conquered Egypt and ruled as the 25th Dynasty from 760-656 BC / Theocracy
Decentralized government: king placed power in the hand of trusted nobles/“warlords” / Unknown
Possible a priest-king?
RELIGION / Polytheistic
No afterlife
Gods based on natural phenomena / Polytheistic
Afterlife
Gods based on natural phenomena / Polytheistic
Afterlife / Polytheistic
Afterlife
Ancestor worship
Oracle bones / Afterlife?
Maybe a connection to cleanliness because of the Great Bath?
Priest-king?
WRITING SYSTEMS / Cuneiform / Hieroglyphics , translated using the Rosetta Stone / Merotic script / Characters / Indus valley script has not been translated
ACCOMPLISHMENTS / Sailboats, calendar, zodiac, wheel, chariots, plow, irrigation, battering ram, ziggurats, cuneiform
Hanging Gardens of Babylon (built by Nebuchadnezzar) / Surgery, mummification, pyramids, hieroglyphics, 365-day calendar, bronze weapons
Tombs for the pharaohs / Pyramids, iron weapons, writing system / Silk, bronze production, Chinese characters / Plumbing and waste removal, planned cities, writing system
Beliefs / Sacred Writings / Traditions/ Customs / Important People / HolyCity
Judaism / Monotheism
10 Commandments / Torah / Passover
Hanukah
Sabbath day (Saturday) / Abraham (founder)
Moses (led Hebrews out of Egypt/delivered 10 Commandments)
David (unified tribes of Israel)
Solomon (built the Temple) / Jerusalem
1. Where did the first civilizations develop (geographical term)? River valleys
2. What group settled along the Eastern Mediterranean coast?Phoenicians and Hebrews
3. Where were the “Cradles of Civilization” located?Nile River (Egypt/Nubia), Tigris and Euphrates (Mesopotamia), Huang He (China), and Indus Rivers (India)
4. What is a dynasty?Power handed down to rulers from their family members
5. (True)(False) Most river civilizations had a rigid class system.True
6. What form of labor was accepted in most river valley civilizations?Slavery
7. Where did the governments of early Mesopotamian civilizations claim their authority came from?
The gods
8. Name the two written law codes of the Fertile Crescent.Hammurabi’s Code and 10 Commandments
9. What political system is characterized by a city and its surrounding lands?City-state
10. What were two metals used to make tools and weapons?Bronze and iron
11. Name 3 reasons river valley civilizations had an agricultural surplus.Fertile soil from deposits of silt, access to fresh water for irrigation, and technology (plows, farming tools, etc.)
12. Where were the world’s first cities located?Mesopotamia
13. What type of religion did most people of the Fertile Crescent practice?Polytheistic
14. What type of religion did the Hebrews follow?Monotheistic
15. Judaism is the foundation of what other religions?Christianity and Islam
16. Which civilization was the first to follow one God?Judaism
17. Who left Ur because he believed he was following God’s call and is considered
the father of the Jewish faith?Abraham
18. Who received the Ten Commandments?Moses
19. What is the holy city of the Hebrews?Jerusalem
20. Who led the Jews out of Egypt?Moses
21. What states the proper moral and religious conduct for Hebrews?10 Commandments
22. What is the written records and beliefs of the Hebrews?Torah
23. Religions that believe in one God are calledmonotheists
24. What is the religion of the Hebrews?Judaism
25. The Hebrews were captured and taken to Babylon. What is this called?Babylonian Captivity
26. The Hebrews were forced to leave Palestine because they rebelled too often. Whatis this called?
The Exile
27. What were 2 important cultural innovations developed in ALL early river valleys?Religion and writing systems
Writing Systems
Match the writing system to its civilization
1. ______Indus Valley______
2.______Phoenicians______
3. ______Chinese______
4. ______Cuneiform______
5._____Hieroglyphics______6.______Nubian______
Phoenician Alphabet
Egyptian Hieroglyphics
Chinese characters
Mesopotamia Cuneiform
Nubian Merotic Script
Indus Valley Writing System
Essay Prep:You will have a “Compare and Contrast” Essay on your Quarter Exam. You may use notes that you have taken on this sheet to help you on the essay. Pick two civilizations that we have learned about ______and ______. Then pick three areas that you want to compare and contrast (think GRAPES).
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