•3 Democratic politicians- grew Georgia’s economy - stronger economic ties to the Industrial North
•J. Brown, A. Colquit, J. Gordon
•believed whites were superior to all others
•Profited from use of prison labor – convict lease system
•Criticized for ignoring poor, failing to improve education
•Wanted Georgia to industrialize and improve race relations
•Editor of Atlanta Constitution and published articles about the South to encourage development
•Helped establish Georgia Institute of Technology
•Main planner for 1881 International Cotton Expo
•Designed to promote northern investment into Georgia’s industrial growth
•Political movement to help fight for farmers
•Started as social organization for farmers (from the Farmer’s Alliance and The Grange)
•As farmers struggled, becomes political–1ststate to create a Department of Agriculture
•fought against Bourbon Triumverate to help poor, underprivileged people
•worked for women’s rights (suffrage and temperance)
•1st women senator in Congress – 1 day only
Atlanta newspapers incited fear of blacks by printing false stories of black assaulting whites - whites suffering from economic hardships looked to blame blacks for problem. Mobs of white citizens attacked black people and businesses
Jewish man accused of murdering a child, Mary Phagan, in Marietta, GA. Discrimination/prejudice against Jews lead to a mob lynching him in the square - did not get a trial, later found to be innocent of the crime
Laws designed to discriminate against blacks and segregate the races – made it legal to have separate but equal facilities including schools, transportation, businesses, restaurants
Court case that challenged Jim Crow Laws - Supreme court ruled the “Separate But Equal” was fair and legal
Founded Tuskegee Institute – trained blacks for vocational/agricultural skills – felt that black people should start at the bottom and work their way up to gain equality
Disagreed with Booker T. – felt that blacks should hold political offices, demand civil rights and educate black youth - this would lead to equality of the races
Former slave who founded became a successful entrepreneur - had a very successful barber shop and then founded Atlanta Mutual Insurance Co to provide insurance to black people -
Vocabulary
Political – related to politics or government
Economic – related to the economy or the wealth in a society
Social – related to the life and welfare of humans in society
Progressive – advocating change, improvement or reform in society
Prohibition – the outlawing of the sale, manufacture, or distribution of alcoholic beverages
Suffrage – the right to vote
Disenfranchise – taking away someone’s right to vote
Enfranchise – giving someone the right to vote
Entrepreneur – an individual who takes risks to develop a new product or service
Exposition – a large public show, meant so display manufactured products
Triumvirate – three people who have power in government
Populist – political movement designed to give power to the people – especially the farmers
County unit system – used in Georgia, this system gave different votes to counties based upon the population. The end result was that rural counties had more political voice than did urban counties.
Grandfather clause – Used after Reconstruction to keep blacks from voting. This clause stated that people could vote only if their grandfather voted.
Poll tax – Used after Reconstruction to keep blacks from voting. This was a fee that voters needed to pay in order to vote.
Jim Crow laws – laws designed to keep blacks and whites separate in social areas – restaurants, hotels, bathrooms, movie theaters, buses.
Rural free delivery – proposed by Tom Watson, this law required home delivery of mail to rural addresses
Gerrymander – the process of drawing strange shaped voting districts in order to minimize the vote of a minority group