Final Exam Review - 2014
Equilibrium unit
1. Explain what is meant for a reaction to be at equilibrium. Does it mean the reaction has stopped? Does it mean that the amount of reactants is the same as the amount of products?
2. What is the chemical equilibrium expression for the equation
2A2B + 3CD A4D + C3B2?
a. c.
b. d.
3. An equilibrium mixture of SO2, O2, and SO3 gases at 1500 K is determined to consist of 0.344 M SO2, 0.172 M O2, and 0.56 M SO3. What is the equilibrium constant for the system at this temperature? The balanced equation for this reaction is 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g).
a. 0.41 b. 2.8 c. 6.7 d. 15
4. If the system 2CO(g) + O2(g) 2CO2(g) has come to equilibrium and then more CO(g) is added,
a. [CO2] increases and [O2] decreases.
b. [CO2] decreases and [O2] decreases.
c. [CO2] increases and [O2] increases.
d. both [CO2] and [O2] remain the same.
5. If the pressure on the equilibrium system 2CO(g) + O2(g) 2CO2(g) is increased,
a. the quantity of CO(g) increases.
b. the quantity of CO2(g) decreases.
c. the quantity of CO2(g) increases.
d. the quantities in the system do not change.
6. If the temperature of the equilibrium system CH3OH(g) + 101 kJ CO(g) + 2H2(g) increases,
a. [CH3OH] increases and [CO] decreases.
b. [CH3OH] decreases and [CO] increases.
c. [CH3OH] increases and [CO] increases.
d. the concentrations in the system do not change.
7. If the temperature of the equilibrium system X + Y XY + 25 kJ decreases,
a. [X] decreases and [XY] increases.
b. [X] increases and [XY] decreases.
c. [X] decreases and [XY] decreases.
d. the concentrations of reactants and products do not change.
8. Which of the following is the MOST soluble of the choices given?
a. Barium carbonate (Ksp = 5.1 x 10-9) c. Barium fluoride (Ksp = 1.0 x 10-6)
b. Barium chromate (Ksp = 1.2 x 10-10) d. Barium Hydroxide (5 x 10-3)
9. Which of the following has the lowest pH?
a. acetic acid (Ka = 1.8 x 10-5) c. Benzoic acid (Ka = 6.5 x 10-5)
b. chlorous acid (Ka = 1.1 x 10-2) d. hypoiodous acid (Ka = 2.3 x 10-11)
10. What affect on pH does adding sodium acetate have to a solution of acetic acid?
a. increases pH b. decreases pH c. there is no change
Organic Unit
1. Draw structural formulas for the following organic compounds:
a) 2,2 dimethyl – 4 isopropyl octane
b) p-dichlorobenzene
c) cis-3-hexene
d) 2,4-pentanediol
e) 2-methyl-4-nonanone
f) Methylethanoate
g) 3-bromomethylcyclopentanecarboxaldehyde
h) 3-s-butylhexanal
i) ethylisopropyl ether
1. What is the product of the halogenation of nitrobenzene with chlorine?
2. What is the product of the halogenation of toluene with chlorine? What is an electrophile? Give an example –
3. What is a nucleophile? Electron rich, highly reactive with things of excess + charge
Give an example –
5) ______needs a strong leaving group
6) ______occurs via backside attack (A) SN1 reaction
7) ______needs a strong nucleophile (B) SN2 Reaction
8) ______fastest for primary substrate (less steric influence)
9) ______involves inversion stereochemistry
10) ______has T-butyl bromide as a substrate
11. What are the reactants needed to produce ethyl methyl ether by a dehydration synthesis reaction?
A. methanol & ethanol C. methanol & ethanoic acid
B. ethanol & methanol D. ethanol & methanoic acid
12. What are the reactants needed to produce ethyl methanoate by a dehydration synthesis reaction?
A. methanol & ethanol C. methanol & ethanoic acid
B. ethanol & methanol D. ethanol & methanoic acid
13. What are the reactants needed to produce methyl amine?
A. ammonia & methanoic acid C. ammonia & methanol
B. methanol & amide D. methanol & methanoic acid
14. What are the reactants needed to produce methanamide?
A. ammonia & methanoic acid C. ammonia & methanol
B. methanol & amide D. methanol & methanoic acid
15. Attacking reagents act as ______when in elimination reactions as they attack ______; attacking species act as ______when in substitution reactions as they attack ______
16. What is the formal charge for each of the following?
17. Draw curved arrows to show how the following charges occur.
18. Predict the product for each of the following:
19. Which reactions involve the formation of a carbocation & therefore involve 2-steps?
20. What type of addition reaction involves the hydrogenation of an alkene using platinum metal?
21. What are the three steps involved in the radical reactions for the formation of alkyl halides from the addition of a diatomic to an alkane.
22. What is used to catalyze a radical reaction (results in formation of radicals).
23. Identify the following as either Activating or Deactivating groups:
Methyl group Hydroxyl
A halide (Chlorine or fluorine)
Nitro