Midterm Review
Which of the following does NOT apply to Christopher Columbus?
he sought a western trade route to China
found the Western Hemisphere
signed the Treaty of Tordesillas
conquered the Aztec civilization
Which of the following was NOT a reason Europeans came to the Americas?
people became influenced by Renaissance ideas
to escape religious & political persecution
to wipe out Native American civilizations
to seek business ventures
The Treaty of Tordesillas was signed by the countries of
Spain & Italy
Spain & Portugal
Italy & Portugal
England & France
Spanish conquerors of the New World were called
explorers
conquistadors
both A & B
neither A nor B
Which of the following was NOT an English settlement?
Florida
Georgia
New Hampshire
Delaware
What was the name of England's first colony in the New World?
Roanoke
Jamestown
New York
North Carolina
Which of the following does NOT apply to Jamestown?
it was established by the VA Company of London
it was founded by laborers & industry workers
it introduced the cash crop of tobacco
it established the House of Burgess
Which of the following does NOT apply to the Massachusetts Bay colony?
it was founded by John Winthrop
it was named the "City Upon a Hill"
corn was its major cash crop
all members of the colony had to belong to the congregation
The colony of Connecticut created a federal system type government called the
House of Burgess
Mayflower Compact
Treaty of Tordesillas
Fundamental Orders
The Rhode Island colony, established by Roger Williams
was for free thinkers
allowed for religious freedom
both A & B
neither A nor B
The first constitution of the English colonies was the
Treaty of Tordesillas
Mayflower Compact
Fundamental Orders
House of Burgess
The cash crop of the Southern Colonies was
Tobacco
Cotton
Both A & B
Neither A nor B
Who invented the cotton Gin
John Smith
William Bradford
Anne Hutchinson
Eli Whitney
Which colony was known as the penal colony?
Georgia
Florida
North Carolina
South Carolina
Which colony did religious fanatics start a witchcraft hysteria?
Plymouth
Delaware
Salem
Rhode Island
Enlightenment thinkers included all of the following EXCEPT?
Ben Franklin
Galileo
Copernicus
Wayne Newton
The Great Awakening
was led by Jonathan Edwards
led to the establishments of Princeton, Brown, & Dartmouth universities
caused numerous conflicts between Enlightenment & religious thinkers
all of the above
Choose the term which is illustrated by this statement.
"Variation in North and South American geography led to the development of a number of different lifestyles among Native American tribes."
ethnocentrism
traditionalism
xenophobia
diversity
Which term is broad enough to include the other three?
language
dress
religion
culture
How did ancient Greek and Roman ideas about the world, democracy, and law enter western European culture during the 14th to 17th centuries?
Pax Romana
conquests by Alexander and Marc Antony
Renaissance
Crusades
When prehistoric people first came to America, they crossed over a "land bridge." The present location of that crossing point is the
Isthmus of Panama
Cumberland Gap
Donner Pass
Bering Strait
In terms of religious beliefs, many Native Americans worshipped nature, while most Europeans of the Middle Ages believed in
monotheism
heliocentrism
polytheism
pantheism
Which economic activity in New France created the greatest amount of income for France?
fur-trading
fishing
cattle-ranching
Bernal Diaz, who was with Cortes in Mexico in the early 16th century, wrote the following description of a marketplace:
"The bustle and noise caused by this large crowd was so great it could be heard four miles away. Some of our men, who had been to Italy, said that they had never seen a marketplace so large, so well regulated, and so crowded as this one in Mexico."
Diaz was MOST probably describing a marketplace of the
Apaches Incas
Aztecs Mayans
Which system of labor did the Spanish employ to persuade the Indians to work their plantations in America?
encomienda
wage labor
serfdom
indentured servitude
Who won the French and Indian War (1754-1763)?
French
Indians
British
Americans
European monarchs who wanted to enrich their countries by exporting more than they imported practiced the economic policy known as
capitalism
feudalism
mercantilism
fascism
Who was MOST likely the author of the following passage?
"Thursday, October 11
Our course was southwest and the sea was very rough. The crew on the Pinta saw a green reed and a stick which appeared to have been shaped like a tool. The crew of the Nina also saw signs that land might be nearby."
Marco Polo Christopher Columbus
Henry Hudson Bartholomew Dias
Which present-day American city was NOT founded by the French?
St. Augustine
Detroit
St. Louis
Baton Rouge
The House of Burgesses is historically significant because it was the
first colonist-controlled legislature
site where several Salem women were found guilty of witchcraft
first democratic government in the world
first meeting house of the Society of Friends (Quakers)
What name was given to those who, in exchange for passage to America, agreed to work without wages for a certain number of years?
serfs
tenant farmers
patrons
indentured servants
During the 17th and 18th centuries, the frontier for the British colonies of North America could usually be found at the
edge of the Atlantic Ocean
Appalachian Mountains
continental divide
borderline where French and Spanish territories began
The Parliament, the New York Assembly, and the House of Burgesses were similar in that
their members were chosen by the English king
they are located in the 13 English colonies
they are outgrowths of mercantile policy
they are examples of representative government
One of the first steps toward self-government in the 13 colonies was an agreement by the Pilgrims that they would make and obey their own laws. What was the name of that agreement?
Act of Toleration
Quebec Act
Mayflower Compact
Albany Plan of Union
Which group of English men and women formed a church which separated itself from the Anglican Church?
Puritans
Quakers
Pilgrims
Lutherans
Roger Williams founded the colony of Rhode Island. He is known for his support of
freedom of the press
the right of trial by jury
religious toleration
the right of assembly
In the Southern colonies, the system of indentured servitude was replaced by
wage labor
the tenant farm system
a system of share-cropping
slavery
Which of the following was the FIRST "cash crop" of the English colonies?
tobacco
indigo
rice
cotton
All of the following were major reasons for the British defeat in the America Revolution except
misinformation about the strength of the American forces.
the French support of the American forces.
Howe's failure to capture New York City.
over expectation of Loyalist support.
The Declaration of Independence did all of the following except
accuse members of Parliament of being tyrants.
borrow ideas from English writers.
inspire other nations to seek Independence.
list reasons for separation from Great Britain.
July 4th marks the anniversary of the
approval of the Declaration of Independence.
beginning of the American Revolution.
surrender of the British at Yorktown.
signing of the Constitution of the United States.
Which of the following is the best summary of the movement for independence in America?
The colonists planned the war immediately following the French & Indian War.
The colonies gradually moved toward rebellion as a result of British policy.
The colonists were united in revolution.
All of the colonies equally shared the hardships of war.
Which battle is considered the "turning point" of the American Revolution?
e. Bunker Hill f. Lexington & Concord g. Saratoga h. Yorktown
After the French & Indian War, the big problem facing the British was
guerrilla warfare by the French-Canadians.
quarrels with Spain over Florida.
Indian uprisings west of the Appalachians.
getting the colonies back under royal control.
Identify the most obvious reason for the British taxes on the colonies.
a. to help pay for war debts b. to increase the standard of living in Britain
c. to teach the colonists a lesson d. to finance western expansion
What was the main principle the colonists' raised in debating the British taxes?
liberty and equality for all
the colonists were independent and not subject to British tax
freedom of speech
no taxation without representation
Why did many colonists refuse to drink tea after 1770?
to punish the British for the Boston Massacre
to limit the number of British ships in the Boston harbor
to destroy the British East India Co.
to protest the tea tax
In the War for Independence, the Patriots' greatest advantage was probably their
highly qualified generals
determination.
highly disciplined army.
support from the Native Americans.
Britain's greatest obstacle to winning the war was
their overconfidence.
their ability to support troops so far from the Mother land.
the lack of colonial sympathizers.
limited financial resources.
The battle at Yorktown resulted in
e. a victory for the Patriot navy.
f. the capture of the French navy.
g. the end of the War.
h. the British capturing the South.
The Continental Congress proposed a government plan for the new nation. This plan was called the
Declaration of Independence
Bill of Rights
Articles of Confederation
the Constitution
Which of the following was NOT a weakness under the Articles of Confederation?
The government could not collect taxes.
The government had to borrow money from the states.
The government's ability to stabilize a new nation.
The government was unable to fund the creation of a federal military.
The cause of Shays's Rebellion was
a renewal of loyalist feeling in the United States.
a conflict between poor farmers with large debts and state government's high taxes.
a conflict over slavery between northern and southern states.
all of the above
The Northwest Ordinance of 1789 provided for
settlement and statehood of western territories.
removal of Indians to reservations.
the exiling of British loyalists.
the ratification of the Constitution.
The Virginia Plan called for
a bicameral legislature.
a monarch rather than a President.
reduced taxes on tobacco.
a Congress with representation based on population.
According to the Great Compromise, representation in the House would be
two representatives for every state.
one representative for every 40 thousand people in the state.
determined by the physical size of the state.
determined by the state legislatures.
The Three-fifths Compromise referred to
a plan for settling western lands.
a system for electing representatives.
the creation of a bicameral Congress.
a method of counting slaves to determine representation .
The Constitution provided for the following persons in the three branches of national government:
President, Vice President, Congress, Supreme Court
Federal, State, & Local governments
the governor, mayor, and state legislature
Congress
The creation of the Articles of Confederation existed mainly because Americans feared
the British Parliament.
strong local governments.
a strong judicial system.
a strong national government
According to the Constitution, the "supreme law of the land" is
Congress the Constitution the President the Supreme Court
The Legislative Branch of the United States is called
the President Congress the Supreme Court the bureaucracy
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A President must be born in the United States.
A Senator must be at least 30 years of age.
The Elastic Clause is a power given to Congress.
The President of the United States is directly elected by the American citizens.
Which amendments to the Constitution compose the Bill of Rights? The first
five ten twelve fifteen
Why has the War of 1812 sometimes been called the "Second War of Independence"?
The war was fought to free the states of Vermont and Maine from
British rule.
Many perceived that Britain continued to violate American rights.
The British tried once again to tax Americans without their
representation.
The U.S. fought for the independence of Canada.
Jackson's victory at the Battle of New Orleans
won the War of 1812 for the Americans
secured his reputation as a national hero
destroyed the ability of the Indians to resist American advancement
a and b
The Trail of Tears is associated with
the relocation of the Cherokee tribe
difficulties on the Oregon Trail
deaths at Donner Pass
the expatriation of pro-British Americans
How did Jackson "kill" the Second Bank of the United States in 1833?
He chartered state banks.
He ordered the withdrawal of federal deposits from the bank.
He canceled the charter of the bank.
He fired Nicholas Biddle as president of the bank
The Seneca Falls Convention was a high point of the
abolitionist movement
nativist movement
literacy drive
women's rights movement
Which of the following gives the most direct evidence of Jackson's view that he was elected as the representative of the people?
his use of the spoils system
his relations with the Supreme Court
his attitude toward Congress
his proposal of constitutional amendments limiting presidential power
In 1823, the United States proclaimed itself as protector of the Western Hemisphere through its declaration of
Washington's Farewell Address
the Rush-Bagot Agreement
the American System
the Monroe Doctrine
Which of the following was a well-known abolitionist?
Frederick Douglass
Susan B. Anthony
Washington Irving
Walt Whitman
In 1824 Henry Clay coined the phrase "American System." Which of the following was an integral part of Clay's "American System"?
federal protection of states' rights
laissez-faire economic policies
protective tariffs and federally sponsored internal improvements
all of the above
Which case resulted in a Supreme Court ruling that granted Congress broad powers over interstate commerce?
"Dartmouth v. Woodward"
"Fletcher v. Peck"
"Gibbons v. Ogden"
"McCulloch v. Maryland"
Which song is a legacy of the War of 1812?
"America the Beautiful"
"God Bless America"
"The Star-Spangled Banner"
"Yankee Doodle"
Controversy over which issue led to the Missouri Compromise (1820)?
the protective tariff
slavery in new states
cost of lands west of the Mississippi
proper interpretation of the Constitution
Who was the Chief Justice United States Supreme Court from 1801 to 1835?
John Marshall
Eli Whitney
Samuel Slater
Samuel Chase
In which case did the Supreme Court assert the power of judicial review?
"Dartmouth v. Woodward"
"Fletcher v. Peck"
"Marbury v. Madison"
"McCulloch v. Maryland"
Which development during the 1830s was aimed at ending slavery?
Nativist Movement
Manifest Destiny
American System
Abolitionist Movement
Andrew Jackson's practice of rewarding his supporters with government jobs was, and still is, called the
spoils system
civil service
nepotism
log rolling
What was the LAST piece of contiguous (touching) territory added to the U.S.?
Alaska
Gadsden Purchase
Panama Canal Zone
Mexican Cession
What was the name of the warning to European nations to stay out of the Americas?
the Adams-Onis Treaty
the Mason-Dixon Line
the Monroe Doctrine
the Missouri Compromise
What agreement temporarily settled the issue of slavery in the territories?
the Adams-Onis Treaty
the Mason-Dixon Line
the Monroe Doctrine
the Missouri Compromise
What did the South gain in the Compromise of 1850?
Tariff rates were lowered.
California was opened to slavery.
A strict fugitive slave law was passed.
All territories would be equally divided into slave and free states
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 is an example of
separation of powers
division of powers
Manifest Destiny
popular sovereignty
Which is the most accurate statement concerning the Supreme Court's decision in the Dred Scott case?
It ended the argument over slavery in the territories.
It granted citizenship to former slaves.
It upheld the Missouri Compromise.
It intensified arguments over slavery in the territories.
Nat Turner and John Brown were similar in that both
were abolitionist leaders
used violence in their opposition to slavery
escaped slavery through the Underground Railroad
were involved in the Bleeding Kansas dispute
How did the South react to the news of the election of Abraham Lincoln as president in 1860?
John C. Calhoun issued his Doctrine of Nullification.
Southern states called for a constitutional convention.
Several states seceded from the Union.
The South placed an embargo on cotton exports.
Between 1850 and 1860 many plans were put forward for "solving" the slavery issue. The idea of popular sovereignty was that
no slavery would be allowed in the territories
slavery would be allowed in the territories
settlers in each territory would vote on slavery
Congress would decide if a territory would allow slavery
The chief purpose of the Northern blockade during the Civil War was to prevent
English volunteers from reaching the South.
Confederate officials from escaping to Europe.
the South from exporting cotton.
the French navy from aiding the South.
The Emancipation Proclamation was
a. a law passed by Congress.c. an amendment to the federal Constitution.
b. a Presidential order.d. a joint resolution of Congress.
During the Civil War, which action posed the greatest threat to civil liberties?
The seizure of Mason and Slidell from the Trent.
Suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus by President Lincoln.
The impressment of British soldiers by the American navy.
The assassination by President Lincoln.
The chief reason why the English commercial class supported the Confederacy instead of the North in the Civil War was that the South