Tree of Life
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University / Leader: / Jessica
Course: / Biol 211 (4)
Instructor: / Holscher
Date: / 08/30/15
Lecture #1 Review
Biology and the Tree of Life/Phylogenies and the History of Life
Chapter 1 and 28
List the Five Fundamental Characteristics of Life: (Briefly describe them)
1. 3.
2. 4.
5.
Explain the difference between:
Hypothesis Theory
Who introduced a system for placing living organisms into progressively smaller heirarchial groups?
Define:
Taxonomy / PhylogeneticsThe first part of a scientific name is called , and the second part is called .
Which is correct?
A. Canis Familiaris
B. Canis familiaris
C. Canis familiaris
D. Canis Familiaris
What is the difference between extinct and extant species?
Think of a funny saying (mnemonic device) so you’re able to remember Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
Ex: King Phillip Came Over From Great Spain
What are the three domains?
Define homology:
Define monophyletic group:
Define synapomorphy:
The basis for phylogenetic trees is traits and traits.
The Cambrian explosion is an example of
a. Adaptive radiation
b. Mass extinction
Lecture #2-3 Review
Inside the Cell/Bacteria and Archaea
Chapter 7 and 29
Which has a membrane-bound nucleus?
a. Eukaryotic cells
b. Prokaryotic cells
Describe prokaryotic cell structure:
True or False: compared to the cell, chromosomal DNA is very long.
How do bacteria and archaea reproduce? How often do they do this?
Describe the function of these cell parts…
· Cell organelles:
· Cytoskeleton:
· Plasma membrane:
· Cell wall:
What is the purpose of external structures like flagella and fimbriae?
Compare and contrast Bacteria and Archaea:
Bacteria / Both / ArchaeaList the 2 Extremophiles you learned about in lecture and describe them.
Koch’s postulates… Fill in the missing one!
1. First, the pathogen must be present in individuals and suffering from the disease and absent from healthy individuals.
2. Second, the pathogen must be isolated and then grown in culture away from the host organism.
4. Fourth, the pathogen should be isolated from the second-infected host, grown in culture, and shown to be the same pathogen.
List 4 examples of morphological diversity:
Name the shapes for each picture below:
Tell me everything you know about Gram stains:
Describe each…
Phototrophs:
Chemoorganotrophs:
Chemolithotrophs:
Autotrophs:
Heterotrophs:
What is nutrition?
True or False: Bacteria and archaea are tremendously diverse in how they obtain the nutrition they need.
Describe the relation of each to oxygen…
Obligate aerobes:
Facultative anaerobes:
Obligate anaerobes:
Aerotolerant anaerobes:
Does nitrogen fixation occur in aquatic ecosystems?
What is nitrogen fixation?
Describe what a symbiotic relationship is.
Describe mutualism.
Describe parasitism.