Conestoga High School

AcademicBiology

Mid-term Exam

Test Date: Thursday January 21stat 7:20 AM

Format: There are two parts to the exam – a traditional multiple choiceand matching portion and a Keystone Biology portion that contains multiple choice and free response questions similar to what you will see on the Keystone Exam in May.

Part I (65 Points): 40Multiple Choiceand 25 Matching Questions

Part II (35 Points): 23 Multiple Choice and 12 Free Response Questions

Topics to be covered are listed below:

Unit / % of Questions / Chapters / # of Questions
Foundations of Biology / 34% / 1: Biology-Investigating the Cycles of Life / 10
2: Basic Chemistry / 10
3: Chemistry at the Cellular Level / 14
Cell Biology / 66% / 4: Cells – The Basic Units of Life / 20
5: A Journey into the Eukaryotic Cell / 20
6: ATP and Energy Cycles / 6
7 & 8 Photosynthesis and Respiration / 20

TOTAL # OF POINTS: 100

CHAPTER 1 – Biology: Investigating the Cycles of Life

Define the following terms:

Biology-

Cell-

Reproduction-

QUESTIONS:

  1. What are the steps of the scientific method?

2. Using your answer for #1, identify which step is being defined below:

______: an educated guess

______: looking at the world around you, you see something you don’t understand and want to know more about

______: a procedure used to test whether a hypothesis is correct

______: comparing the results to the hypothesis in order to make sense of the data gathered during an experiment

______: telling others of your results through posters or scientific publications

CHAPTER 2 –Basic Chemistry

1. What’s the difference between an ionic and a covalent bond?

2. Where are acids on the pH scale? ______

3. Where are bases on the pH scale? ______

4. What pH value is neutral on the pH scale? ______

5. a. What is the chemical formula for water? ______

b. What does H stand for?______How many of these are there in water? _____

c. What does O stand for? ______How many of these are there in water? _____

6. What happens to atoms and molecules during chemical processes (chemical reactions)?

7. Water can dissolve many substances (salt, sugar, etc.) because it has the ability to attract many different substances. It has this ability because opposite sides of water molecules have opposite electric charges. A molecule with this characteristic is said to be a ______molecule.

CHAPTER 3 – Chemistry at the Cellular Level

Define the following terms:

Organic Molecules –

Dehydration Synthesis –

Hydrolysis –

1. Place the following terms in the chart below (words with *’s are monomers):

DNA and RNAFatty acids* Saturated fats

GlucoseStarch Amino Acids*

CholesterolEnzymes Nucleotides*

Monosaccharide* Hemoglobin Muscles

Wax

Macromolecule / Monomer / Function / Examples
CARBOHYDRATES / Short term energy storage
LIPIDS / Long term energy storage
PROTEINS / Provide support, transport other molecules, can speed up chemical reactions in cells
NUCLEIC ACIDS / Store genetic information in cells

2. Associate the following words with their correct class of macromolecule (Carbs, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids)

Fats –

Sugars –

DNA –

Amino Acids –

Pasta -

Oil –

Meat –

Bread -

3. If you were to examine the structure of a protein, you would see that it is a chain of ______.

CHAPTER 4 – Cells – The Basic Units of Life

Define the following terms:

Homeostasis –

Diffusion –

Equilibrium –

Osmosis –

Selectively (semi) Permeable Membrane –

Using the terms above – complete the following 3 statements:

1. When a molecules of a substance diffuse, the will move until they reach equal concentrations on either side of a membrane. This equal concentration is called ______.

2. What process is being shown in the diagram below? ______

3. ______is the diffusion of water across a cell membrane.

4. What is the main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Give an example of each.

5. A structure in a cell that performs a specific function is called an ______.

6. Complete the correct order of organization of structures in living things, from simplest to most complex:

Cells  ______ ______ organ systems

CHAPTER 5 –A Journey into the Eukaryotic Cell

Define the following terms:

Active Transport -

Passive Transport -

Endocytosis–

Exocytosis -

1. If a cell needed to move molecules against their concentration gradient (from low concentration to high) they would need energy in the form of ______. This process would be an example of ______transport.

2. Fill in the following chart indicating the organelle that matches following functions:

Organelle / Function
Found only in plant cells; contain green pigment & used in photosynthesis
Makes different molecules
Large membrane bound sac where plants store water
Makes/releases energy by converting glucose to ATP
The control center – where chromosomes are found
Stacked membranes that make final changes and packages molecules made in a cell
Where proteins are made by putting together chains of amino acids
Hair-like organelles on cell surface used for movement
Regulates what enters and leaves the cell

3. Label the membrane, nucleus,

mitochondria and cytoplasm

on the cell to the right.

4. Is it a plant or animal cell? ______

How do you know?

5. Classify each of the following organelles as being found in Plant cell, Animal cell, or Both:

Nucleus -

Chloroplasts -

Mitochondria -

Cell Wall -

Endoplasmic Reticulum –

CHAPTER 6 – ATP and Energy Cycles (and Enzymes)

  1. What is the ability to do work called?
  1. What type of energy do cells use to do work?
  1. What does ATP stand for?
  1. Where is energy stored in a molecule of glucose?
  1. If a phosphate is REMOVED from ATP what molecule is made?
  1. Does this RELEASE or STORE energy?
  1. If a phosphate is ADDED to ADP what molecule is made?
  1. Does this RELEASE or STORE energy?
  1. What are enzymes?
  1. How do enzymes help us in our daily lives?
  1. What are three factors that may affect how an enzyme works?
  1. Graph the following data:

Test Tube / Temperature / Enzyme Activity
1 / 10 / 5
2 / 30 / 25
3 / 60 / 0
  1. If you heat up an enzyme will it still work? Why or why not?

CHAPTERS 7 & 8 – Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis

  1. Vocabulary

Term / Definition
Autotroph
Heterotroph
Aerobic Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
  1. Complete the table below.

Photosynthesis / Respiration
Definition
Equation
What it needs to occur
What it makes or produces
Organelle it occurs in
Organisms it occurs in
  1. What is the ultimate source of energy on Earth?
  1. What is the flow of energy during photosynthesis?
  1. Fill in the blanks with the terms THYLAKOID, CHLOROPLAST, CHLOROPHYLL: Photosynthesis occurs in an organelle called the ______. This organelle contains a green pigment called ______. The stroma is the thick fluid surrounding the ______(which contains the chlorophyll).
  1. What is the job of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
  1. What are the two stages of photosynthesis?
  1. What does the light reaction produce?
  1. What does the dark reaction produce?
  1. What are the bubbles most likely made of in the following diagram?
  1. What are the 2 stages of cellular respiration and what happens in each?