Consequences of exotic host use: impacts on Lepidoptera and a test of the ecological trap hypothesis
Su’adYoonand Quentin Read, 2015
Supplementary Material: Online Resource 3
Full list of data sources used in the meta-analyses
Performance Papers:
1. Bowers MD, Stamp NE, Collinge SK (1992) Early stage of host range expansion by a specialist herbivore, Euphydryas phaeton (Nymphalidae). Ecology 73:526-536
2. Britton DR, New TR (2004) Exotic pine plantations and indigenous Lepidoptera in Australia. J Insect Conserv8:265-276
3. Cogni R (2010) Resistance to plant invasion? A native specialist herbivore shows preference for and higher fitness on an introduced host. Biotropica42:188-193
4. DiTommaso A, Losey JE (2003) Oviposition preference and larval performance of monarch butterflies (Danausplexippus) on two invasive swallow‐wort species. EntomolExpAppl108:205-209
5. Elzinga JA, Bernasconi G (2009) Enhanced frugivory on invasive Silenelatifolia in its native range due to increased oviposition. J Ecol97:1010-1019
6. Forister ML, Nice CC, Fordyce JA, Gompert Z (2009) Host range evolution is not driven by the optimization of larval performance: the case of Lycaeidesmelissa (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) and the colonization of alfalfa. Oecologia160:551-561
7. Fortuna TM, Eckert S, Harvey JA, Vet LE, Müller C, Gols R (2014) Variation in plant defences among populations of a range‐expanding plant: consequences for trophic interactions. New Phytol204:989-999
8. Fortuna TM, Vet LE, Harvey JA (2012) Effects of an invasive plant on the performance of two parasitoids with different host exploitation strategies. Biol Control62:213-220
9. Fortuna TM, Woelke JB, Hordijk CA, Jansen JJ, van Dam NM, Vet LE, Harvey JA (2013) A tritrophic approach to the preference–performance hypothesis involving an exotic and a native plant. Biol Invasions15:2387-2401
10. Gillespie M, Wratten SD (2011) Oviposition preference of Lycaenasalustiusfor, and larval performance on, a novel host plant: an example of ecological fitting. EcolEntomol36:616-624
11. Gratton C (2006) Interactions between a native silkmothHemileuca sp. and an invasive wetland plant, Lythrumsalicaria. Ann EntomolSoc Am 99:1182-1190
12. Gu X, Siemann E, Zhu L, Gao S, Wang Y, Ding J (2014) Invasive plant population and herbivore identity affect latex induction. EcolEntomol39:1-9
13. Haines WP, Barton KE, Conant P (2013) Defoliation of the invasive tree Falcatariamoluccana on Hawaii Island by the native koalooper moth (Geometridae: Scotorythrapaludicola), and evaluation of five fabaceous trees as larval hostplants.Proc Hawaiian Ent Soc (2013) 45:129-139
14. Harvey JA, Biere A, Fortuna TM, Vet LE, Engelkes T, Morriën E, Gols R, Verhoeven K, Vogel H, Macel M, Heidel-Fischer HM, Schramm K, van der Putten WH (2010) Ecological fits, mis-fits and lotteries involving insect herbivores on the invasive plant, Buniasorientalis. BiolInvasions12(9):3045-3059
15. Huang W, Siemann E, Wheeler GS, Zou J, Carrillo J, Ding J (2010) Resource allocation to defence and growth are driven by different responses to generalist and specialist herbivory in an invasive plant. J of Ecol98:1157-1167
16. Hull-Sanders HM, Clare R, Johnson RH, Meyer GA (2007) Evaluation of the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis: loss of defense against generalist but not specialist herbivores. J of ChemEcol33:781-799
17. Hull-Sanders HM, Johnson RH, Owen HA, Meyer GA (2009) Influence of polyploidy on insect herbivores of native and invasive genotypes of Solidagogigantea (Asteraceae). Plant signaling & behavior4:893-895
18. Karban R, English-Loeb G (1997) Tachinid parasitoids affect host plant choice by caterpillars to increase caterpillar survival. Ecology78:603-611
19. Karolewski P, Jagodzinski AM, Giertych MJ, Lukowski A, Baraniak E, Oleksyn J (2014) Invasive Prunusserotina-a new host for Yponomeutaevonymellus (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)? Eur J Entomol111:227
20. Keeler MS, Chew FS (2008) Escaping an evolutionary trap: preference and performance of a native insect on an exotic invasive host. Oecologia156:559-568
21. Knerl A, Bowers MD (2013) Incorporation of an introduced weed into the diet of a native butterfly: consequences for preference, performance and chemical defense. J ChemEcol39:1313-1321
22. Leger EA, Forister ML (2005) Increased resistance to generalist herbivores in invasive populations of the California poppy (Eschscholziacalifornica). Diversity and Distributions11:311-317
23. Lieurance D (2012)Mechanisms of Success: Plant-Herbivore Interactions and the Invasion of Non-Native Lonicera Species in North America. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio.
24. Lieurance D, Cipollini D (2013) Exotic Lonicera species both escape and resist specialist and generalist herbivores in the introduced range in North America. BiolInvasions15:1713-1724
25. McMahon SD (2007) Preference and performance of the wild indigo duskywing (Erynnisbaptisiae) on its native host yellow wild indigo (Baptisiatinctoria) and on the introduced plant crown vetch (Securigeravaria).Master’s thesis, Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan.
26. Oleiro M, McKay F, Wheeler GS (2011) Biology and host range of Tecmessaelegans (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae), a leaf-feeding moth evaluated as a potential biological control agent for Schinusterebinthifolius (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) in the United States. Environ Entomol40:605-613
27. Rahman HU, Zalucki MP, Scheermeyer E (1985) The effect of host plant on the development and survival of the immature stages of Euploea core corinna (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Austral J Entomol24:95-98
28. Ryall KL (2010) Effects of larval host plant species on fecundity of the generalist insect herbivore Ennomossubsignarius (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Environ Entomol39:121-126
29. Scholl CF, Nice CC, Fordyce JA, Gompert Z, Forister ML (2012) Larval performance in the context of ecological diversification and speciation in lycaeides butterflies. International J Ecol2012
30. Stefanescu C, Jubany J, Dantart J (2006) Egg–laying by the butterfly Iphiclidespodalirius (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) on alien plants: a broadening of host range or oviposition mistakes?AnimBiodivConserv29:83-90
31. Tabashnik BE (1983) Host range evolution: the shift from native legume hosts to alfalfa by the butterfly, Coliasphilodiceeriphyle. Evolution 150-162
32. Tallamy DW, Ballard M, D’Amico V (2010) Can alien plants support generalist insect herbivores?BiolInvasions12:2285-2292
33. Uyi OO, Hill MP, Zachariades C (2014) Variation in host plant has no effect on the performance and fitness‐related traits of the specialist herbivore Pareuchaetesinsulata. EntomolExpAppl153:64-75
34. Wang Y, Huang W, Siemann E, Zou J, Wheeler GS, Carrillo J, Ding J (2011) Lower resistance and higher tolerance of invasive host plants: biocontrol agents reach high densities but exert weak control. EcolAppl21:729-738
35. Waring SM (2010)Apparent competition between native and exotic plants mediated by a native insect herbivore. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Biology, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand.
36. White EM, Sims NM, Clarke AR (2008) Test of the enemy release hypothesis: the native magpie moth prefers a native fireweed (Seneciopinnatifolius) to its introduced congener (S. madagascariensis). AustEcol33:110-116
Survival papers:
1. Boughton AJ, Bennett CA, Goolsby JA, Pemberton RW (2009) Laboratory host range testing of Neomusotimaconspurcatalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)–a potential biological control agent of the invasive weed, Old World climbing fern, Lygodiummicrophyllum (Lygodiaceae). Biocontrol science and technology19:369-3902. Bowers MD, Stamp NE, Collinge SK (1992) Early stage of host range expansion by a specialist herbivore, Euphydryas phaeton (Nymphalidae). Ecology 526-536
3. DiTommaso A, Losey JE (2003) Oviposition preference and larval performance of monarch butterflies (Danausplexippus) on two invasive swallow‐wort species. EntomolExpAppl108:205-209
4. Dowell RV, Scriber JM, Lederhouse RC (1990) Survival of Papiliorutulus Lucas (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) larvae on 42 potential host plants. Pan-Pacific Entomol 66:140-146
5. Elzinga JA, Bernasconi G (2009) Enhanced frugivory on invasive Silenelatifolia in its native range due to increased oviposition. J Ecol97:1010-1019
6. Feldman TS, Haber WA (1998) Oviposition behavior, host plant use, and diet breadth of Anthanassa butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) using plants in the Acanthaceae in a Costa Rican community. Florida Entomol396-406
7. Forister ML, Gompert Z, Nice CC, Forister GW, Fordyce JA (2011) Ant association facilitates the evolution of diet breadth in a lycaenid butterfly. Proc R SocLond[Biol] 278:1539-1547
8. Forister ML, Nice CC, Fordyce JA, Gompert Z (2009) Host range evolution is not driven by the optimization of larval performance: the case of Lycaeidesmelissa (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) and the colonization of alfalfa. Oecologia160:551-561
9. Fortuna TM, Eckert S, Harvey JA, Vet LE, Müller C, Gols R (2014) Variation in plant defences among populations of a range‐expanding plant: consequences for trophic interactions. New Phytol204:989-999
10. Fortuna TM, Vet LE, Harvey JA (2012) Effects of an invasive plant on the performance of two parasitoids with different host exploitation strategies. Biolcontrol62:213-220
11. Fortuna TM, Woelke JB, Hordijk CA, Jansen JJ, van Dam NM, Vet LE, Harvey JA (2013). A tritrophic approach to the preference–performance hypothesis involving an exotic and a native plant. BiolInvasions15:2387-2401
12. Harvey JA, Biere A, Fortuna T, Vet LE,Engelkes T, Morriën E, van der Putten WH (2010). Ecological fits, mis-fits and lotteries involving insect herbivores on the invasive plant, Buniasorientalis. BiolInvasions12:3045-3059
13. Hazlehurst AF, Weed AS, Tewksbury L, Casagrande RA (2012) Host specificity of Hypenaopulenta: a potential biological control agent of Vincetoxicum in North America. Environ Entomol41:841-848
14. Hill RL, Gourlay AH (2002) Host-range testing, introduction, and establishment of Cydiasuccedana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) for biological control of gorse, Ulexeuropaeus L., in New Zealand. BiolControl25:173-186
15. Hull-Sanders HM, Johnson RH, Owen HA, Meyer GA (2009) Influence of polyploidy on insect herbivores of native and invasive genotypes of Solidagogigantea (Asteraceae). Plant signaling & behavior4:893-895
16. Karolewski P, Jagodzinski AM, Giertych MJ, Lukowski A, Baraniak E, Oleksyn J (2014) Invasive Prunusserotina-a new host for Yponomeutaevonymellus (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)? Eur J Entomol111:227
17. Keeler MS, Chew FS (2008) Escaping an evolutionary trap: preference and performance of a native insect on an exotic invasive host. Oecologia156:559-568
18. Leger EA, Forister ML (2005) Increased resistance to generalist herbivores in invasive populations of the California poppy (Eschscholziacalifornica). Diversity and Distributions11:311-317
19. Mattila HR, Otis GW (2003) A comparison of the host preference of monarch butterflies (Danausplexippus) for milkweed (Asclepiassyriaca) over dog‐strangler vine (Vincetoxicumrossicum). EntomolExpAppl107:193-199
20. McKay F, Oleiro M, Vitorino MD, Wheeler G (2012) The leafminingLeurocephalaschinusae (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): not suitable for the biological control of Schinusterebinthifolius (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) in continental USA. Biocontrol science and technology22:477-489
21. Oleiro M, McKay F, Wheeler GS (2011) Biology and host range of Tecmessaelegans (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae), a leaf-feeding moth evaluated as a potential biological control agent for Schinusterebinthifolius (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) in the United States. Environ Entomol40:605-613
22. Reddy GVP, Cruz ZT, Muniappan R (2009) Life-history, host preference and establishment status of Melittiaoedipus (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), a biological control agent for Cocciniagrandis (Cucurbitaceae) in the Mariana Islands. Plant Protection Quarterly24:27
23. Reed Erin (2010) Bottom-up effect on top-down control in a suburban landscape. Master’s thesis, Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.
24. Tallamy DW, Ballard M, D’Amico V (2010) Can alien plants support generalist insect herbivores? Biol Invasions 12: 2285-2292
25. Uyi OO, Hill MP, Zachariades C (2014) Variation in host plant has no effect on the performance and fitness‐related traits of the specialist herbivore Pareuchaetesinsulata. EntomolExpAppl153:64-75
26. Wu K, Zhang J, Zhang G, Ding J (2014) Epiblematetragonana and Epinotiaustulana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), two potential biological control agents for the invasive plant, Rubusellipticus. BiolControl77:51-58
Oviposition papers:
1. Aubrey D (2013)Oviposition preference in Taylor’s checkerspot butterflies (Euphydryasedithataylori): Collaborative research and conservation with incarcerated women. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Environmental Science, The Evergreen State College, Olympia, Washington.
2. Boughton AJ, Bennett CA, Goolsby JA, Pemberton RW (2009) Laboratory host range testing of Neomusotimaconspurcatalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)–a potential biological control agent of the invasive weed, Old World climbing fern, Lygodiummicrophyllum (Lygodiaceae). Biocontrol science and technology19:369-390
3. Casagrande RA, Dacey JE (2007) Monarch butterfly oviposition on swallow-worts (Vincetoxicum spp.). EnvironEntomol36:631-636
4. Cogni R (2010) Resistance to plant invasion? A native specialist herbivore shows preference for and higher fitness on an introduced host. Biotropica42:188-193
5. D'CostaL, Koricheva J, Straw N, Simmonds MS (2013) Oviposition patterns and larval damage by the invasive horse‐chestnut leaf miner Camerariaohridella on different species of Aesculus. EcolEntomol38:456-462
6. Davis SL, Cipollini D (2014) Do mothers always know best? Oviposition mistakes and resulting larval failure of Pierisvirginiensis on Alliariapetiolata, a novel, toxic host. Biol Invasions16:1941-1950
7. DiTommaso A, Losey JE (2003) Oviposition preference and larval performance of monarch butterflies (Danausplexippus) on two invasive swallow‐wort species. EntomolExpAppl108:205-209
8. Elzinga JA, Bernasconi G (2009) Enhanced frugivory on invasive Silenelatifolia in its native range due to increased oviposition. J of Ecol97:1010-1019
9. Feldman TS, Haber WA (1998) Oviposition behavior, host plant use, and diet breadth of Anthanassa butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) using plants in the Acanthaceae in a Costa Rican community. Florida Entomol396-406
10. Forister ML, Nice CC, Fordyce JA, Gompert Z (2009) Host range evolution is not driven by the optimization of larval performance: the case of Lycaeidesmelissa (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) and the colonization of alfalfa. Oecologia160:551-561
11. Forister ML, Scholl CF, Jahner JP, Wilson JS, Fordyce JA, Gompert Z, Narala DR, Buerkle AC, Nice CC (2013) Specificity, rank preference, and the colonization of a non-native host plant by the Melissa blue butterfly. Oecologia172:177-188
12. Fortuna TM, Woelke JB, Hordijk CA, Jansen JJ, van Dam NM, Vet LE, Harvey JA (2013) A tritrophic approach to the preference–performance hypothesis involving an exotic and a native plant. Biol Invasions15:2387-2401
13. Gillespie M,Wratten SD (2011) Oviposition preference of Lycaenasalustiusfor, and larval performance on, a novel host plant: an example of ecological fitting. EcolEntomol36:616-624
14. Harvey JA, Biere A, Fortuna T, Vet LE,Engelkes T, Morriën E, van der Putten WH (2010) Ecological fits, mis-fits and lotteries involving insect herbivores on the invasive plant, Buniasorientalis. BiolInvasions12:3045-3059
15. Hill RL, Gourlay AH (2002) Host-range testing, introduction, and establishment of Cydiasuccedana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) for biological control of gorse, Ulexeuropaeus L., in New Zealand. Biol Control25:173-186
16. Mattila HR, Otis GW (2003) A comparison of the host preference of monarch butterflies (Danausplexippus) for milkweed (Asclepiassyriaca) over dog‐strangler vine (Vincetoxicumrossicum). EntomolExpAppl107:193-199
17. McMahon SD (2007) Preference and performance of the wild indigo duskywing (Erynnisbaptisiae) on its native host yellow wild indigo (Baptisiatinctoria) and on the introduced plant crown vetch (Securigeravaria).Master’s thesis, Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan.
18. Reddy GVP, Cruz ZT, Muniappan R (2009) Life-history, host preference and establishment status of Melittiaoedipus (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), a biological control agent for Cocciniagrandis (Cucurbitaceae) in the Mariana Islands. Plant Protection Quarterly24: 27
19. White EM, Sims NM, Clarke AR (2008) Test of the enemy release hypothesis: the native magpie moth prefers a native fireweed (Seneciopinnatifolius) to its introduced congener (S. madagascariensis). AustEcol33:110-116
Abundance papers:
1. Bateman HL, Ostoja SM (2012) Invasive woody plants affect the composition of native lizard and small mammal communities in riparian woodlands. AnimConserv15:294-304
2. Burghardt KT, Tallamy DW, Phillips C, Shropshire KJ (2010) Non-native plants reduce abundance, richness, and host specialization in lepidopteran communities. Ecosphere 1:1-22
3. Burghardt KT, Tallamy DW, Shriver GW (2009) Impact of native plants on bird and butterfly biodiversity in suburban landscapes. ConservBiol23:219-224
4. Castells E, MoranteM, Goula M, Pérez N, Dantart J, Escolà A (2014) Herbivores on native and exotic Senecio plants: is host switching related to plant novelty and insect diet breadth under field conditions? Insect ConservDivers7:420-431
5. Cord EE (2011)Changes in arthropod abundance and diversity with invasive grasses. Doctoral dissertation, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas.
6. De Groot M, Kleijn D, Jogan N (2007) Species groups occupying different trophic levels respond differently to the invasion of semi-natural vegetation by Solidagocanadensis. Biol Cons136:612-617
7. Debinski DM, Babbit AM (1997) Butterfly species in native prairie and restored prairie. Prairie Naturalist29:219-228
8. Derraik KJD, Derraik JG, Rufaut CG, Closs GP (2005) Ground invertebrate fauna associated with native shrubs and exotic pasture in a modified rural landscape, Otago, New Zealand. N Z J Ecol 129-135
9. Fiedler AK, Landis DA, Arduser M (2012) Rapid shift in pollinator communities following invasive species removal. Restoration Ecol20:593-602
10. Frenzel M, Brandl R (2003) Diversity and abundance patterns of phytophagous insect communities on alien and native host plants in the Brassicaceae. Ecography26:723-730
11. Hanula JL, Horn S (2011) Removing an exotic shrub from riparian forests increases butterfly abundance and diversity. Forest EcolManag262:674-680
12. Harris RJ, Toft RJ, Dugdale JS, Williams PA, Rees JS (2004) Insect assemblages in a native (kanuka–Kunzeaericoides) and an invasive (gorse–Ulexeuropaeus) shrubland. N Z JEcol 35-47
13. Holmquist JG, Schmidt-Gengenbach J, Slaton MR (2011) Influence of invasive palms on terrestrial arthropod assemblages in desert spring habitat. Biol Cons144:518-525
14. Hudson JR, Hanula JL, Horn S (2013) Removing Chinese privet from riparian forests still benefits pollinators five years later. Biol Cons167:355-362
15. Krebs H (2012) Comparison of herbivore communities on the native Field Maple Acercampestre (L.) and the neophyte Box Elder Acernegundo (L.). Doctoral dissertation, Department of Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
16. Moroń D, Lenda M, Skórka P, Szentgyörgyi H, Settele J, Woyciechowski M (2009) Wild pollinator communities are negatively affected by invasion of alien goldenrods in grassland landscapes. Biol Cons 142:1322-1332
17. Nelson SM, Wydoski R (2008) Riparian Butterfly (Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) Assemblages Associated with Tamarix‐Dominated, Native Vegetation–Dominated, and Tamarix Removal Sites along the Arkansas River, Colorado, USA. Restoration Ecol16:168-179
18. Overholt WA, Diaz R, Cuda JP, Benshoff P (2006) Community Level Impact and Potential Management Practices of West Indian marsh grass in the Myakka River Watershed. The Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program 26
19. Perre P, Loyola RD, Lewinsohn TM, Almeida-Neto M (2011) Insects on urban plants: contrasting the flower head feeding assemblages on native and exotic hosts. Urban Ecosystems14:711-722
20. Philips CR (2010)Why some plants host more species of Lepidoptera than others: How natural enemies and native lineage influence lepidopteran use of native and alien plants. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.
21. Schooler SS, McEvoy PB, Hammond P, Coombs EM (2009) Negative per capita effects of two invasive plants, Lythrumsalicaria and Phalarisarundinacea, on the moth diversity of wetland communities. Bull Entomol Res 99:229-243
22. Valtonen A,Jantunen J, Saarinen K (2006) Flora and lepidoptera fauna adversely affected by invasive Lupinuspolyphyllus along road verges. Biol Cons 133:389-396
Richness papers:
1. Brändle M, Kühn I, Klotz S, Belle C, Brandl R (2008) Species richness of herbivores on exotic host plants increases with time since introduction of the host. Diversity and Distributions14:905-912
2. Burghardt KT, Tallamy DW, Phillips C, Shropshire KJ (2010) Non-native plants reduce abundance, richness, and host specialization in lepidopteran communities. Ecosphere 1:1-22
3. Burghardt KT, Tallamy DW, Shriver GW (2009) Impact of native plants on bird and butterfly biodiversity in suburban landscapes. ConservBiol23:219-224
4. De Groot M, Kleijn D, Jogan N (2007) Species groups occupying different trophic levels respond differently to the invasion of semi-natural vegetation by Solidagocanadensis. Biol Cons136:612-617
5. Derraik KJD, Derraik JG, Rufaut CG, Closs GP (2005) Ground invertebrate fauna associated with native shrubs and exotic pasture in a modified rural landscape, Otago, New Zealand. N Z J Ecol129-135
6. Gerber E, Krebs C, Murrell C, Moretti M, Rocklin R, Schaffner U (2008) Exotic invasive knotweeds (Fallopia spp.) negatively affect native plant and invertebrate assemblages in European riparian habitats. Biol Cons 141:646-654
7. Hanula JL, Horn S (2011) Removing an exotic shrub from riparian forests increases butterfly abundance and diversity. Forest EcolManag262:674-680
8. Harris RJ, Toft RJ, Dugdale JS, Williams PA, Rees JS (2004) Insect assemblages in a native (kanuka–Kunzeaericoides) and an invasive (gorse–Ulexeuropaeus) shrubland. N Z J Ecol35-47
9. Hudson JR, Hanula JL, Horn S (2013) Removing Chinese privet from riparian forests still benefits pollinators five years later. Biol Cons 167:355-362
10. Moroń D, Lenda M, Skórka P, Szentgyörgyi H, Settele J, Woyciechowski M (2009) Wild pollinator communities are negatively affected by invasion of alien goldenrods in grassland landscapes. Biol Cons 142:1322-1332
11. Nelson SM, Wydoski R (2008) Riparian Butterfly (Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) Assemblages Associated with Tamarix‐Dominated, Native Vegetation–Dominated, and Tamarix Removal Sites along the Arkansas River, Colorado, USA. Restoration Ecol16:168-179
12. Tallamy DW, Shropshire KJ (2009) Ranking lepidopteran use of native versus introduced plants. ConservBiol23:941-947
13. Valtonen A, Jantunen J, Saarinen K (2006) Flora and lepidoptera fauna adversely affected by invasive Lupinuspolyphyllus along road verges. Biol Cons133:389-396