Name: ______ANSWER KEY______Date: ______Period: ______
Gas Laws Review – Quiz Study Guide
Identify which law to use, solve each problem (show your work!) and round to the correct number of sig figs. Remember: Temperatures have to be in Kelvin!
1. If I have 5.6 liters of gas in a piston at a pressure of 1.5 atm and compress the gas until its volume is 4.8 L, what will the new pressure inside the piston be?
P1V1 = P2V2
(1.5 atm)(5.6 L) = (P2)(4.8 L) P2 = 1.8 atm
2. A small research submarine with a volume of 1.2 x 105 L has an internal pressure of 1.0 atm and an internal temperature of 15° C. If the submarine descends to a depth where the pressure is 150 atm and the temperature is 3° C, what will the volume of the gas inside be if the hull of the submarine breaks?
(1.0 atm)(1.2 x 105 L) = (150 atm)(V2) V2 = 767 L
(288 K) (276 K)
3. A commercial airliner has an internal pressure of 1.00 atm and temperature of 25° C at takeoff. If the temperature of the airliner drops to 17° C during the flight, what is the new cabin pressure?
P1 = P2 1.00atm = P2 P2 = 0.97 atm
T1 T2 298 K 290 K
4. I have added 15 L of air to a balloon at sea level (1.0 atm). If I take the balloon with me to Denver, where the air pressure is 0.85 atm, what will the new volume of the balloon be?
P1V1 = P2V2
(1.0 atm)(15 L) = (0.85 atm)(V2) V2 = 18 L
5. I’ve got a car with an internal volume of 12,000 L. If I drive my car into the river and it implodes, what will be the volume of the gas when the pressure goes from 1.0 atm to 1.4 atm?
P1V1 = P2V2
(1.0 atm)(12,000 L) = (1.4 atm)(V2) V2 = 8600 L
6. If I have 45 liters of helium in a balloon at 25°C and increase the temperature of the balloon to 55° C, what will the new volume of the balloon be?
V1 = V2 45 L = V2 V2 = 50. L
T1 T2 298 K 328K
7. Calcium carbonate decomposes at 1200° C to form carbon dioxide and calcium oxide. If 25 liters of carbon dioxide are collected at 1200° C, what will the volume of this gas be after it cools to 25° C?
V1 = V2 25 L = V2 V2 = 5.1 L
T1 T2 1473 K 298K
8. I have 130 liters of gas in a piston at a temperature of 250° C. If I cool the gas until the volume decreases to 85 liters, what will temperature of the gas be?
V1 = V2 130 L = 85 L T2 = 340 K (or 67°C)
T1 T2 523 K T2
9. A toy balloon has an internal pressure of 0.75 atm and a volume of 5.0 L. If the temperature where the balloon is released is 20° C, what will happen to the volume when the balloon rises to STP?
(0.75 atm)(5.0 L) = (1.00 atm)(V2) V2 = 3.1 L
(293 K) (298 K)
10. A bag of potato chips is packaged in San Diego (75°F) and has a volume of 315 mL. If this bag of chips is transported to Denver (15°C), what will the new volume of the bag be?
V1 = V2 315 mL = V2 V2 = 310 mL
T1 T2 297K 288K
11. People who are angry sometimes say that they feel as if they’ll explode. If a calm person with a lung capacity of 3.5 liters and a body temperature of 36° C gets angry, what will the volume of the person’s lungs be if their temperature rises to 39° C. Based on this, do you think it’s likely they will explode?
3.5 L = V2
309 K 312 K V2 = 3.53 L
It seems unlikely that this very small increase in lung volume would cause somebody to explode, though you never know.
12. What are all of the units associated with STP?
Standard Temperature = 0°C or 273 K
Standard Pressure = 1.0 atm or 101.3kPa, 760mmHg, 760 torr, 14.7psi
13. Define pressure and temperature:
Pressure is the force gas molecules exert on an area. (Gas molecules hitting the sides of the container)
Temperature is the measurement of kinetic energy (higher temp = more KE)