Chapter 29 Section 4 Notes

Chapter 29 Section 4 notes

“ A Flawed Peace”

1. The Fourteen Points

n  January 8, 1918

n  ______proposal

n  Encourage ______and ______to end the war.

n  Did not want a ______peace.

n  Wilson did not consult the ______.

n  Some points were contrary to ______made among the Allies

n  8 Points dealt with ______matters

n  Open, rather than secret, ______

n  ______of the seas

n  General disarmament

n  Removal of ______

n  Impartial settlement of ______claims

n  The establishment of a ______

2. Guiding Spirit

Redraw boundaries of Eastern Europe along ______lines

But ______became greater

3. Failure at Home

n  The ______was not in agreement with the peace negotiated under Wilson, particularly with the League of Nations and collective security aspects.

n  A separate peace was negotiated between the ______and ______.

n  Wilson was awarded the 1919 ______, and heralded in Europe as a savior of peace.

4. Germany: Treaty of Versailles signed June 28, 1919

n  Pay huge ______

n  ______major territory

n  ______restrictions

n  Article 231(______)

n  Excluded from ______

*signed under protest

5. New Nations

n  ______

n  Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania

n  ______

n  Czechoslovakia

n  ______

6. The Balkans prior to WWI

n  ______gained Bulgaria’s Aegean Coast

n  ______and ______doubled in size

7. The Balkans in 1925

n  Romania & Serbia were big winners of ______

8. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk March 3, 1918

n  Bolsheviks signed a separate peace with ______.

n  Germany now free to shift troops to the ______

n  The ______refused to accept the treaty as legitimate

9. Germany’s Desperate Situation

n  ______out of the war, but fresh American troops on the Western Front

n  Austria-Hungary and Turkey almost knocked out of the war

n  Food shortages in ______

n  Numerous strikes in ______

n  500,000 workers on ______in Berlin (January)

n  Increasing inflation

n  The Ludendorff Offensive (March-July, 1918)

n  November 11, 1918 – ______

10. Armistice

n  This photograph was taken after reaching an agreement for the armistice that ended ______. The location is in the forest of Compiègne. Foch is second from the right.

n  ______later ordered that the rail car where this agreement was made be burned.

11. The Peace to end all peace”

n  ______bitter & broken

n  Imperialism continued

n  USA did not ______treaty

n  ______, Italy unhappy w/their share

n  Sows seeds for WWII

12. League of Nations

n  USA ______to be part of League of Nations…

______lost Congressional backers

n  League had little power to ______

Asians/Africans upset at being governed by a ______

13. Aftermath of War

n  ______million soldiers died

n  ______million wounded

n  Countless civilians – ______, starvation, slaughter

n  ______billion cost

14. Society shaken to foundations

n  ______& civil war in Russia

n  Political & economic chaos in Germany led to rise of ______

n  ______and ______empires crumble/ treasuries drained

n  USA refused ______

15. Consequences of World War I

n  Four empires ______

n  ______Empire

n  Austro-Hungarian Empire

n  Ottoman Empire

n  ______Empire

n  ______devastation

n  Projection of the U.S. into ______

n  Russian ______and the rise of the Soviet Union

n  Rise of Mussolini & ______in Italy

n  Rise of ______and ______in Germany

16. Influenza Epidemic

n  In the spring of 1918, the ______hit England and India. By fall, it had spread through Europe, Russia, Asia, and to the United States.

n  ______million died in India.

n  1500 people died in ______in one day.

n  ______million died worldwide.

17. Treaty of Versailles

n  The peace treaty signed by ______and the ______after World War I