Chapter 18AP Psychology

Social Psychology

Introduction

p. 723

1. Define social psychology

Social Thinking (Attribution, Attitudes, and Actions)

p. 723-730

1. Define attribution theory and give an example using yourself.

2. Define fundamental attribution error and give an example of a time you’ve been guilty of it (or someone else has be in error about you)

3. How do we tend to judge our own behavior versus others’ behavior?

4. Explain the importance of our attributions. Do they really matter?

5. Define attitude.

6. What are the “ideal” conditions under which attitudes affect behavior?

7. Define foot-in-the-door phenomenon, role-playing, and cognitive dissonance, and give a real-life example of each (historical or personal).

Social Influence

p. 730-742

1. Have you ever tested the chameleon effect (also called automatic mimicry) on people around you? Give it a try & tell us in class what happens. 

2. Who is the researcher associated with conformity studies? Explain his experiment & findings.

3. What are the conditions that strengthen conformity?

4. Why do we conform, according to normative social influence? Informational social influence?

5. Explain Figure 18.4

6. Who is the researcher associated with obedience studies? Explain his experiment & findings.

7. What are the conditions that strengthen obedience?

8. Summarize some important lessons learned from Asch and Milgram’s research.

9. Define and give an example of social facilitation. What conditions strengthen it?

10. Define and give an example of social loafing. What conditions strengthen it?

11. Define and give an example of deindividuation. What conditions strengthen it?

12. Explain how Figure 18.6 illustrates group polarization.

13. Define groupthink and give some tragic (or near-tragic) examples in history.

14. Given these examples of group influence, can an individual or minority group influence the majority?

Social Relations

p. 742-771

1. Define prejudice and identify the three components.

2. What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination? Prejudice and a stereotype?

3. How have rates of overt and subtle prejudice changed?

4. How do social inequalities contribute to prejudice?

5. How does ingroupbias contribute to prejudice?

6. Define the scapegoat theory.

7. List and explain the four cognitive roots of prejudice.

8. Define aggression. How is the text definition different from every day use of the word?

9. What biological factors make us more prone to hurt one another?

10. List and describe/explain the four psychological/social-cultural factors that may trigger aggression.

11. Explain Figure 18.12

12. Define conflict.

13. Give an example of a social trap and how they can be avoided.

14. How do proximity, physical attractiveness, and similarity influence attraction?

15. What is the difference in passionate and companionate love?

16. What are two characteristics of enduring companionate love?

17. When are people most and least likely to help others?

18. Explain Figure 18.15

19. How do social exchange theory and norms explain altruistic behavior?

20. How can feelings of prejudice, aggression, and conflict be changed to attitudes that promote peace?

21. Define and explain GRIT.