Name: ______Date: ______Period: ______#: _____
Semester II Review Study Guide
Chapter 7 & 8
- A tiny independent country _Polis.
- This was considered a time period when Greek culture spread throughout the rest of the world
Hellenistic Period.
3. Who could be a citizen of the Greek city-states? You had to be free, native born and land owning men
4. What were some of the reforms of Solon’s government? He allowed all male citizens to participate in the government
5. Spartan women could hold property and go out without an escort. Athenian women could not do any of these things. What is your evaluation about the status of women in these two societies? Spartan women had more rights than Athenian women
6. The Greek philosopher Socrates taught his students to question everything in order to find the truth. Describe areas where this philosophy was used and in today’s society? It was used in many Greek city-states and today it is used in educational and law systems.
7. Mountainous terrain and small islands influenced the ancient Greeks to develop as what type of society? The Greeks developed a system based on an independent city-state as Athens, Sparta, Olympia, Thebes etc.
8. Describe a citizen in a Greek city-state? A citizen was a member in a society who has rights in the political community.
9. What did the Athenian and Spartan society focus on? The Athenian society focused on academics and government and Sparta focused on military readiness.
10. In the Mediterranean world the Phoenicians made an impact because of what? The Phoenicians helped spread the alphabet which allowed the Greeks and Romans to keep records.
11. List some important achievements of the ancient Greeks? The Greeks made important contributions in the areas of math, architecture and medicine
12. What was an effect of the Peloponnesian War for all city-states involved? It made the city-states economically and militarily weak page 205
13. A cause of the Persian Wars was when the Greek city-states helped other Greeks in Asia Minor fight against what country? The Persians
14. When Athens grew rich and powerful this caused other Greek city-states to become suspicious which caused what event? It caused the Peloponnesian War
Chapter 9
15. The consequences of how a person lives his or her life is known as__Karma______.
16. It determined a person’s job, social group and marriage in early India and it helped the Aryans rule peoples who outnumbered them______Caste System______
17. It is a religion that grew out of a mixture of Aryan beliefs and those of the Harappans: Hinduism
18. Developed by the Aryans, ancient Indians used what form of written language?Sanskrit
19. Buddhism began in what region of India? Northeast India
20. India had a golden age of learning and culture during what empire? Gupta Empire
21. Buddha believed that the only way to find truth about the world was to do what? Give up all desires
22. In ancient India, why did the people depend on the monsoons? Provide rain to help their crops
23. How did the monsoons negatively impact the people?
- Too much rain could cause flooding, too little or none at all can cause a drought
- If it was late it could cause crops to die
- Could cause famine
24. What Indian empire made achievements in the areas of a central government and a postal system? Mauryan Empire
Chapter 10 & 15
25. This philosophy taught that people need a strong ruler to maintain order: Legalism
26. This person reformed and improved the government by changing civil service hiring practices: Han Wudi
27. Cuts on blocks of wood the earliest printing process: Block Printing
28. This philosophy taught that people should give up worldly desires: Daoism
29. A vast network of trade routes for Chinese goods stretching as far as Greece and Rome: Silk Road
30. This philosophy taught that if a person does his or her duty, society as a whole will do well: Confucianism
31. What farming method did the ancient Chinese develop to prevent soil erosion and to cultivate crops? Terracing
32. The Mongols were known for: being fierce warriors
33. Despite restrictions, what European missionaries continued to travel to China? The Jesuits
34. It was an artificial boundary but it did not limit early China’s interaction with other regions and cultures: The Silk Road
35. Why did Confucian officials want to end Chinese voyages? It brought new ideas to China, they cost to much, and it made the merchants rich
Chapter 11 & 12
36. Augustus paved the way for 200 years of peace and prosperity also known as: ___Pax Romana
37. When Roman coins lost their value in the A.D. 200s the price of goods increased which was inflation, which caused Romans to: Barter
38. What were features of the Roman government? Representative government, instituted rule of law and separation of powers
39. How did early Christianity impact the Roman Empire? The empire changed to a monotheistic belief system, the empire identified Jesus as the son of God, the apostles as Peter and Paul helped to spread the religion throughout the empire
40. The spread and influence of the Latin language on the Western civilization included areas as: literature, science and medicine
41. What did Romans in cities build to protect themselves from raiding Germanic tribes and Persians armies? They built walls to protect themselves
42. What events, under Augustus’s leadership, led to Rome becoming an empire? Augustus established a permanent and professional army, Augustus’s legions conquered large territories in northern Europe, Augustus appointed proconsuls to help rule the empire
43. Women who were not rich had: less freedom because Patrician women managed the household while plebian women did all of their own household chores and sometimes helped their husbands
44. What is an example of cultural diffusion?
The Romans worshipping the same gods and goddesses as the Greeks.
45. Compare the children of patricians to children of plebeians: Children of patricians were able to attend school while plebeian children were taught in the home
46. Compare life in the Roman Republic to life in Roman Empire: In the republic Romans admired Greek statues, buildings and ideas while the empire created aqueducts, bridges and spread Greek ideas throughout
47. Describe the condition of enslaved people in Roman society: Many enslaved Greeks were well educated while most people lived a miserable life
Chapter 14
48. In present day Alaska, what Native American civilization built dome shaped structures made of ice? ____Inuit___
49. How do some scientists believe some Asian people came to the Americas? By way of a land bridge
50. Similar to ancient Egyptians, the Maya created a sophisticated writing system based on: Hieroglyphics
51. In ancient Egypt, most pyramids were used as: tombs
52. In Mesoamerica, most pyramids were often used as:temples