1st Semester Final Exam Study Guide
1. Geography is a science that describes the physical and cultural features of the earth.
2. Extension of economic activities into more than one field is called diversification.
3. Sun, win, ocean currents, and elevation are all factors that affect the climate of a region.
4. Oil is an example of a nonrenewable resource. Water is an example of a renewable resource.
5. The key word for “Race” is inherited. The key word for “culture” is learned.
6. In a constitutional monarchy the king/queen share power with elected officials.
7. A tyrant is a ruler with unrestricted power who uses it to oppress his people.
8. A dictator gains control of a country’s government usually by seizing control from someone else.
9. In a Communist government the government owns and controls everything?
10. Supply and Demand is the economic principle that affects the prices of goods and services.
11. A government ruled by religious leaders and laws is a theocracy
12. The study of the production, distribution, and use of goods and services is called economics
13. A government that has one ruler with unrestricted power is an absolute monarchy
14. The economic system where buyers and sellers make the decisions is a market economy.
15. A government made up of smaller governments is a confederacy
16. A highly complex culture is referred to as a civilization
17. The economic system where the government makes the decisions is called a command economy.
18. The government in which the people make the decisions is a democracy.
19. A government that distributes its power into a large central government AND small, local governments is referred to as a federal government.
20. Domestication is when plants and animals are raised by people for use (they rely on humans as well).
21. Around 2000 B.C., Abraham moved his family to the region of Canaan.
22. The majority branch of Islam that believed that anyone could have been the Caliph of Islam is the Sunni.
23. The minority branch of Islam that thought that one of Muhammad’s descendants should be the Caliph is the Shia.
24. Judaism was different from all other ancient religions of its time because it was monotheistic
25. The life and wisdom of Jesus are recorded in the New Testament.
26. The Jewish holiday celebrating the Hebrew escape from captivity in Egypt is Passover
27. His Resurrection did the most to confirm to many people that Jesus was the Messiah
28. The scattering of the Jews from Palestine is called the Diaspora
29. The Quran was originally written in Arabic
30. In 1453, the Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople bringing and end to the Eastern Roman Empire.
31. Christianity is based on Jesus’ teachings
32. Islam is based on Mohammad’s teachings
33. Paul spread Jesus’ teachings throughout Europe and wrote many books of the New Testament
34. Moses received the 10 Commandments from god
35. Abraham is called the Father of the Hebrews
36. Constantine made Christianity the religion of the Roman Empire
37. The Ottomans losing at the end of WWI led to the end of their empire.
38. European politicians drew the borders of the new countries created from the Ottoman Empire after WWI.
39. The Holocaust is the murder of millions of European Jews during WWII.
40. The nation of Israel was created in 1948.
41. Zionism is the idea/belief that Jews deserved a country in Palestine, their ancient homeland.
42. Arabs in Palestine were unhappy because they believed the creation of the nation of Israel was unfair to them.
43. Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Egypt joined the Palestinian Arabs to stop the creation of the new state of Israel.
44. A refugee is someone who is forced to flee their homeland because of war of poverty
45. Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990 to access their oil reserves.
46. The Taliban was a group of radical Muslims that ran Afghanistan after their independence.
47. The major language found in SW Asia today is Arabic. The major religion is Islam.
48. The largest ethnic group that does not have a homeland today is the Kurds.
49. After the reformations Ataturk set in place, Turkey set up a democracy.
50. Many Turks were upset with the changes brought about by the modernization of their country because secularization removed many of their traditions.
51. The West Bank, Gaza Strip, and Golan Heights are referred to as the OccupiedTerritory.
52. Large populations of Kurds can be found in Turkey, Syria, and Iraq.
53. Saddam Hussein was leader of Iraq during the Persian Gulf War and U.S. Invasion
54. George H.W. Bush was the U.S. President during the Persian Gulf War
55. Yasser Arafat was the PLO founder and leader
56. Osama Bin Laden was the Al Qaeda member who planned the 9/11 attack
57. Kemal Ataturk Took over in Turkey after WW I and made many reforms
58. Hinduism is considered the oldest religion in the world.
59. The Vedas are one set of the Hindu holy book.
60. The belief that a soul returns to life in another body after death is called reincarnation
61. The belief that actions determine ones fate is called Karma
62. The social class system in India where your position was determined by birth is the Caste System
63. The ultimate enlightenment or state of harmony in the universe for a Buddhist is called Nirvana
64. Siddhartha Gautama founded Buddhism.
65. Belief in many gods is called polytheism.
66. The highest level of the caste system were the Brahmins
67. A farmer or a merchant you would be in the Vaisyas Caste.
68. The lowest level in Indian society (actually below the lowest caste) were the “untouchables” or Pariahs
69. The word “Buddha” means “Enlightened One”
70. Buddha taught that happiness came from neither indulgence nor denial but from following the Middle Way.
71. Buddha explains what suffering is in his Four Noble Truths
72. The duty or moral obligation of a Hindu or Buddhist is called Dharma
73. Japan is the home of Shintoism
74. The spirits that exist in all things according to Shintoism are called Kami
75. The Chinese philosopher who wrote many wise sayings that stressed relationships was Confucius
76. The familiar saying spoken by Confucius and Jesus that deals with kindness to others is called the Golden Rule.
77. Mohandas Gandhi lead the nonviolent movement for India’s independence.
78. PLO stands for the Palestinian Liberation Organization
79. Anti-Semitism is the hatred of Jews simply because of their religion
80. The goal of the PLO was to make a home for themselves as well as the destruction of Israel
81. China, Japan and SE Asia are home to large populations of Buddhists today.
82. According to Hindu teaching, the god sitting at the top of the pantheon that created the world is Brahma
83. Confucius said that a mature person was one who had so many virtues that they are able to contribute to the improvement of society
84. According to Confucius’ teachings, the highest human virtue is benevolence.
85. taught that the best way to govern people was to show virtue through the power of example.
86. Confucius also taught that the best way to behave was to behave properly in any situation.
87. Of all the religions we have studied, we do not know the founder of Shintoism or Hinduism.
88. The belief in only one god is called monotheism.
89. The holy book of Judaism is the Torah
90. The holy book of Christianity is the Bible
91. The holy book of Islam is the Quran
92. The Wailing (Western) Wall is a holy site to Jews
93. The Church of the Holy Sepulcher is a holy site to Christians
94. The Dome of the Rock is a holy site to Muslims
95. The Star of David is a symbol most commonly associated with Judaism.
96. The Cross is a symbol most commonly associated with Christianity.
97. The Crescent Moon and Star is a symbol most commonly associated with Islam.
98. Jerusalem is a holy city to all three major religions of SW Asia.
99. Being the birthplace of Muhammad, Mecca is the most holy city of Islam.
100. A Muslim house of worship is called a Mosque.