Name: ______

Date: ______

Review Guide for Final Exam
Part One

Stoichiometry, Balancing Reactions, and Naming Compounds

  1. What is the difference between a limiting reactant and an excess reactant?
  1. Give the balanced equation for the following reactants:
  2. Hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride
  1. Calcium Nitrate and Potassium Iodide
  1. Magnesium Hydroxide and Lead(IV) Oxide
  1. Lithium Nitride and Copper(II) Phosphate
  1. Using the reactions above, answer the following limiting reactant problems
  2. According to reaction B, if you combine 25 grams of Calcium Nitrate with excess potassium Iodide, how many grams of Calcium Iodide will be formed?
  1. According to reaction B, if you combine 15 grams of Calcium Nitrate and 20 grams of potassium Iodide, how many grams of Calcium Iodide will be formed?
  1. Based on reaction C, how many moles of Lead(IV) hydroxide could be formed from the reaction of 35 grams of Magnesium Hydroxide and 28 grams of Lead(IV) oxide?
  1. Based on reaction D, how many moles of Lithium nitride are needed to react completely with 12 grams of Copper(II) Phosphate?
  1. Based on the reaction above, how many grams of Copper(II) Nitride would be formed?
  1. Based on reaction D, how many grams of Lithium Phosphate should be formed from the reaction of 135 grams of Lithium Nitride and 1.5 moles of Copper(II) Phosphate?

Gas Laws

  1. What are the five assumptions of the Kinetic-Molecular theory?
  1. What is the difference between an ideal gas and a real gas? Which type of gas is described in the kinetic molecular theory from the previous question?
  1. What do the letters STP stand for? Give the numerical values associated with these letters. How many liters would one mole of gas occupy at STP?
  1. What does temperature actually measure? What is absolute zero, give the value (with units) and explain what it means?
  1. Answer the following problems using the two equations from the gases unit
  2. If the pressure of a gas is at 1.2 atm and occupies 15 mL, what would the new volume be if the pressure is change to 3.7 atm?
  1. What temperature would a gas need to be raised to fill a 100 mL balloon, assuming the gas started at 75 mL and 270C?
  1. If a gas filled a container at 101.5 kpa and 240C that was then compressed with 110 kpa, what is the new temperature?
  1. If a bubble occupies 0.5 mL under 123.2 kPa and -12.30C, what space would it occupy if the pressure were to become 102.1 kPa and 14.20C?
  1. If you have 120 grams of carbon dioxide gas at 25oC that occupies 55 mL, what pressure would you expect the gas to be under? Show units!
  1. How many grams of Hydrogen gas would occupy 10 mL at 35oC with 105 kPa of pressure?
  1. Using the gas laws, explain what you would expect to happen in the following situations. You will not be calculating the following.
  2. If you throw an aerosol can at room temperature into a fire, what would happen to the can.
  1. You come outside one winter morning and your tires look a little flat, why shouldn’t you air them up?
  1. What happens to a helium balloon when it is released as it floats up into the atmosphere from the ground?

Reaction Rates

  1. What are the signs a chemical reaction has occurred?
  1. What are two ways you can increase the rate of a reaction?
  1. What are two ways you can decrease the rate of a reaction?
  1. Why would it be necessary to adjust the rate of a chemical reaction?
  1. What is a catalyst? How could it affect the rate of a chemical reaction?

Equilibrium Reactions

  1. What does it mean for a reaction to be at equilibrium?
  1. What does this mean about the reaction rates of the forward and reverse reactions?
  1. What does it mean when we say an equilibrium reaction is dynamic?
  1. For the reaction: A + B AB ΔH = +150 kJ/mol

What would happen to the equilibrium if we:

  1. Increased the temperature?
  1. Added more of compound B to the mixture?
  1. Removed some of compound A from the mixture?
  1. Added more of compound AB to the mixture?
  1. According to question 17 B, what would happen to the amount of compounds A and AB if we were to increase the amount of compound B in the reaction? Explain your answer.