Review Template #12: Chapter Nine WHAP/Princeton Review

Review Template #12: Chapter Nine WHAP/Princeton Review

Even More Not So Old Stuff: Sometime Around 1750 to About 1914

Questions:

1-What was the conflict between Britain and France in the 1700s known as in the American colonies and what was it known as in Europe?

2-What was an outcome of the French and Indian War?

3-How did the British view the costs of the war and who did they feel had not adequately shared in the burden?

4-What did George Grenville and Charles Townshend do?

5-What did the Revenue Act of 1764, the Stamp Act of 1765, and the Tea Act of 1773 have in common?

6-Explain the significance of the slogan: “no taxation without representation.”

7-What happened in Boston Harbor?

8-What happened in Lexington and Concord?

9-Who was Thomas Paine and why was he significant?

10-Why did the French support the American colonists?

11-Who was General George Cornwallis and why was he significant?

12-What were two significant causes of the American Revolution (From Focus On: Cause and Consequences of the American Revolution)?

13-Why were several causes of France’s debts?

14-What did Louis XVI need to do to address France’s debts?

15-What was the Estates General and why had it not met in some 175 years?

16-Describe the three estates of prerevolutionary France.

17-What did the representatives of the Third Estate want?

18-Why did the Third Estate declare themselves the National Assembly on June 17, 1789?

19-What happened in France on July 14, 1789?

20-What was the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

21-What did the Assembly abolish and what did the Assembly alter?

22-What did the French Revolution establish?

23-Why did the establishment of a constitutional monarchy upset certain groups of people in France?

24-Why did the Austrians and Prussians invade France?

25-What was the Convention?

26-Who were the Jacobins and why were they significant?

27-Compare and contrast the American and French Revolutions.

28-What was the Committee of Public Safety and why was it significant?

29-Who was Maximilien Robespierre and why was he important?

30-What was the Directory?

31-Who overthrew the Directory in 1799?

32-Cite four significant facts about the Napoleonic Codes.

33-What did Napoleon’s troops accomplish?

34-What happened in 1804?

35-What happened in 1812?

36-How did the invasion of Russia affect Napoleon’s troops?

37-Who were the principal leaders in deciding how to restore order to Europe after Napoleon?

38-What happened at Waterloo?

39-What was the Congress of Vienna?

40-Explain the significance of the term: “balance of power”.

41-How was France treated by the Congress of Vienna?

42-What new kingdoms were created by the Congress of Vienna?

43-How did the Congress of Vienna attempt to restore the “old ways”?

44-What did the Congress of Vienna essentially try to erase?

45-What did the Congress of Vienna restore?

46-What revolutions inspired European colonies in Latin America?

47-Why was Europe in chaos? What did this distract European powers from?

48-Where did the first successful Latin American revolt take place?

49-What was 90 percent of the population of “Haiti” by 1800?

50-Who was Pierre Toussaint L’Ouverture and why was he significant?

51-How did Yellow Fever affect the outcome of the conflict in “Haiti”?

52-What happened to L’Ouverture?

53-Who was Jacques Dessalines and why was he significant?

54-What did Napoleon do after he invaded Spain in 1808?

55-Who did the colonists decide to remain loyal to?

56-Who was Simón Bolívarand why was he significant?

57-What was Gran Colombia?

58-What did Bolívar envision?

59-What geographic and cultural factors ultimately ended Bolívar’s dream for South America?

60-Who was José de San Martín and why was he significant?

61-Who was Bernardo O’Higgins and why was he significant?

62-What had happened by the 1820s in South America?

63-What did John VI do in 1807? Why?

64-What did his son, Pedro, do when he, John VI, returned to Portugal?

65-What was the greatest single accomplishment of Pedro II?

66-Why was a republic established in Brazil in 1889?

67-Who was Miguel Hidalgo and why was he significant?

68-Who was Jose Morelos and why was he significant?

69-Why did the land-owning class turn against Jose Morelos? What happened in 1815?

70-When and why was independence achieved in Mexico?

71-What was the significance of the Treaty of Córdoba?

72-Describe the social hierarchy in many Latin American colonies after independence.

73-Compare and contrast the United States and Latin America after independence.

74-Why did significant differences exist between United States and Latin America after independence?

75-Did the Catholic Church generally protect the status quo or challenge it in Latin America? Explain your answer.

76-Which institution was one of the largest landowners in Latin America?

77-Why were the economies of Latin America still largely dependent on Europe after independence?

78-How did the fact that most Latin American economies did not diversify after independence impact Latin American societies?

79-What were some of the notable exceptions in Latin America? Be specific.

80-What was one of the consequences of the Napoleonic era?

81-Define nationalism.

82-How did the Italian and German city-states differ from other European regions?

83-Describe the Italian peninsula in the mid-nineteenth century.

84-What did the king of Sardinia, Victor Emmanuel II, do in 1849?

85-What did Count Camillo Cavour do to remove Austria from Italy?

86-Who was Giuseppe Garibaldi and why was he significant?

87-What happened to the Italian peninsula by 1861?

88-What happened to the Italian peninsula by 1870?

89-Why did Italy have a hard time unifying culturally?

90-How did Prussia achieve economic preeminence?

91-Who was Otto von Bismarck and why was he significant?

92-What did Bismarck do to achieve German unification?

93-Discuss the Franco-Prussian War.

94-What was the Second Reich and what was the First Reich?

95-What happened in Germany in 1888 and in 1890?

96-How did Germany become one of the most powerful nations in the world?

97-Who was Alexander II and why was he significant?

98-What was the Emancipation Edict in Russia?

99-Describe the lives of Russian peasants whether in the fields or in the factories.

100-What happened to Alexander II in 1881?

101-What was significant about the reign of Alexander III?

102-Discuss Russification.

103-Who was Nicholas II and how did he try to rally the Russian people?

104-What was Bloody Sunday?

105-What did the czar do to attempt legislative reform?

106-Describe the relationship between the Duma and the czar.

107-What nation did the Ottomans continually fight throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries? Why?

108-What had Greece, Egypt, and Arabia done in relation to the Ottoman Empire?

109-What did the British and French fear would happen if the Ottoman Empire fell entirely?

110-What was an effect of the Crimean War?

111-What did Britain gain control of in 1883?

112-What was the Monroe Doctrine and why was it significant?

113-Why did Britain back up the U.S.A.’s Monroe Doctrine?

114-What was the Roosevelt Corollary?

115-Why did the United States incite Panamanians to declare their independence from Columbia?

116-What were the effects of the Spanish-American War of 1898?

117-Discuss technology and intellectual developments in the period from 1750 – 1914.

118-Discuss changes and continuities in the role of women in the period from 1750 – 1914.

119-What was an enormous force on all continents during this time period?

120-How did the imperialists use nationalism and how did the conquered use nationalism?

121-Discuss the complexities of change during this time period.