Option 1: Great Depression

Option 1: Great Depression

TOPIC 2: USA

OPTION 1: GREAT DEPRESSION

2.1Source 2A

2.1.1

  • Big business
  • Any other relevant answer(1x2) (2)

2.1.2

  • The fat – cat tycoons could amass great wealth and power in business
  • Members of the Republican Party could also benefit from Harding’s business policies

(2x1) (2)

2.1.3

  • Free – for – all in the market – no regulations
  • Speculators using future earnings, money that they did not have

to buy stocks

Any other relevant answer(2x2) (4)

2.1.4

  • Widespread corruption
  • Faulty international finances
  • Any other relevant answer(2x1) (2)

2.1.5

  • Europe was in debt and needed to export goods to the USA in order to pay off loans
  • Harding’s new tariff did not make easy for the European countries and an international tariff war was the result
  • Any other relevant answer(2x2) (4)

2.2Source 2B

2.2.1

  • Rapid economic decline in the USA after the Wall Street Crash that led to mass unemployment and poverty
  • Any other relevant answer(1x3) (3)

2.2.2

a. The 1929 and 1930s (1x2) (2)

b. Millions unemployed and without their homes, poverty and soup kitchens (1x3) (3)

Any other relevant answer to both a and b.

2.2.3

  • Men standing at the salvation Army breadline stormed two trucks delivering backed goods to a hotel
  • The goods – cookies, rolls and bread were flung into the street with hungry unemployed helping themselves to the goods (2x2) (2)

2.2.4

  • He was afraid to go to prison, because he stole a loaf of bread to feed his starving children
  • Any other relevant answer(1x2) (2)

2.2.5

  • The Great Depression affected millions of US citizens
  • Being unemployed and desperate to survive they became involved organised looting
  • Any other relevant answer(2x2) (4)

2.2.6

Useful

  • It gives clear description of unemployment and poverty and people being desperate
  • People became involved in looting and stealing of food, because they had nothing
  • Any other relevant answer

Not useful

  • Not enough information and detail to get a picture of the effects of the Great Depression
  • Any other relevant answer(1x3) (3)

2.3Source 2C

2.3.1

  • 1929 – 1933(1x2) (2)

2.3.2

  • The New Deal(1x2) (2)

2.4

2.4.1

  • The mother and family most probably lost their home and are migrants in search of work and accommodation
  • Any other relevant answer(1x2) (2)

2.4.2

  • The photographer wants to capture the feeling despair and hopelessness
  • Any other relevant answer(1x3) (3)

2.5 Main Points

Possible causes or reasons

  • Government policies favoured the wealthy
  • Harding’s pro – business policies
  • No strict regulations to control the economy
  • Over – speculation
  • Widespread corruption
  • International tariff war
  • Faulty international finances

Effects

  • Businesses, banks and other institutions forced to close
  • Millions unemployed
  • Poverty
  • Without their homes
  • Suicide
  • Looting and stealing of food

Any other relevant answer

LEVEL 1

  • Cannot extract evidence or extract evidence from the sources in a very elementary manner
  • Use evidence partially to report on topic or cannot report on topic
    Marks:0 – 3

LEVEL 2

  • Extract evidence from the sources that is mostly relevant and relates to a great extent to the topic Marks: 4 – 5

LEVEL 3

  • Extract relevant evidence from the sources e.g. demonstrates a thorough understanding
  • Evidence relates well to the topic
  • Uses evidence very effectively in an organised paragraph that shows an understanding of the topic Marks: 6 – 8

TOPIC 2: USA

OPTION 2: GREAT DEPRESSION

2.1Source 2A and 2B

2.1.1

  • The Wall Street Crash of 1929(1x2) (2)

2.1.2

  • Rapid economic decline in the USA after the Wall Street Crash that led to mass unemployment and poverty
  • Any other relevant answer(1x3) (3)

2.1.3

  • The statistics create a feeling despair and hopelessness:
  • A quarter of the work force unemployed (12 million)
  • 23000 people committed suicide
  • Any of the other statistics mentioned in the source(2x2) (4)

2.1.4

  • With the dad unemployed, almost a sense of desperation
  • Any other relevant answer(1x3) (3)

2.1.5

  • It refers to the effects of the Great Depression with millions without work, income and food on the table
  • Any other relevant answer(1x3) (3)

2.1.6

  • Source 2B: the focus is on job losses
  • Source 2A: Twelve million people were unemployed by 1932 and in this way the source supports Source 2B
  • Any other relevant answer(2x2) (4)

2.2Source 2C

2.2.1

  • Many Americans started to beg for something
  • They were also asking people for money (a dime)(2x1) (2)

2.2.2

  • On the railways(1x2) (2)

2.2.3

  • He is probably unemployed(1x2) (2)

2.2.4

  • The American dream of glory and development
  • where everyone could benefit
  • Any other relevant answer(2x1) (2)

2.2.5

  • Source 2A: 20000 companies went bankrupt and this led to unemployment
  • Source 2C: The author was once employed on the railroads, but probably because of the Great Depression he/she is without work, still looking for the American dream
  • Any other relevant answer(2x2) (4)

2.2.6 Main Points

  • The background to this poem or song is the Great Depression on it affected the millions of citizens in the USA
  • They were told to dream the American Dream of prosperity and development
  • As workers they should help to make this dream a reality
  • They will also benefit
  • It seems, however, that everyone (including government) has forgotten that they, as workers, also worked hard
  • He or she is now part of a line, depended on hand – outs
  • Any other relevant answer

LEVEL 1

  • Cannot extract evidence or extract evidence from the sources in a very elementary manner
  • Use evidence partially to report on topic or cannot report on topic
    Marks:0 – 2

LEVEL 2

  • Extract evidence from the sources that is mostly relevant and relates to a great extent to the topic Marks: 3 – 4

LEVEL 3

  • Extract relevant evidence from the sources e.g. demonstrates a thorough understanding
  • Evidence relates well to the topic
  • Uses evidence very effectively in an organised paragraph that shows an understanding of the topic Marks: 5 – 6

2.3Source 2D

2.3.1

  • California(1x2) (2)

2.3.2

  • Despair hits family in the midst of the Great Depression
  • Any other caption that depicts the mood of the majority during the Great Depression

(1x3) (3)

2.4Main Points

  • The statistics in Source 2A picture a gloomy picture
  • Companies and banks closed down
  • A quarter of the nation’s workforce (12 million) is unemployed
  • Farmers are without their land
  • People committed suicide (23000 by 1932)
  • The rate of 12000 people per day out of work
  • Many farmers migrated in search of work
  • Families in misery
  • People had to stand in lines for food or kind
  • Any other relevant answer

LEVEL 1

  • Cannot extract evidence or extract evidence from the sources in a very elementary manner
  • Use evidence partially to report on topic or cannot report on topic
    Marks:0 – 3

LEVEL 2

  • Extract evidence from the sources that is mostly relevant and relates to a great extent to the topic Marks: 4 – 5

LEVEL 3

  • Extract relevant evidence from the sources e.g. demonstrates a thorough understanding
  • Evidence relates well to the topic
  • Uses evidence very effectively in an organised paragraph that shows an understanding of the topic Marks: 6 – 8
Top View