Muscular System Review Packet Name______
Anatomy & Physiology Period #______
1. On the diagrams below, draw a line to and label the muscles using the word bank below. You only need to label the muscle on either the posterior or anterior diagram. You can use the letter at the end of the line that you draw.
a. orbicularis oris b. pectoralis major c. external oblique
d. sternocleidomastoid e. biceps brachii f. deltoid
g. rectus femoris h. sartorius i. gracilis
j. adductor muscle k. temporalis l. orbicularis oculi
m. masseter n. tibialis anterior o. rectus abdominus
p. trapezius q. gluteus maximus r. gastrocnemius
s. latissimus dorsi t. deltoid u. biceps femoris
v. triceps brachii w. buccinator x. occipitalis
2. Number the following muscle structures in order from largest to smallest:
______myofibril ______myofilament ______sarcomere ______fascicle
______muscle ______muscle fiber
3. Label the diagram below with the following: myofibril, fascicle, epimysium, endomysium, perimysium, fiber, tendon
5. What is the difference between actin and myosin?
6. What produces striations in muscle fibers?
7. Draw and label a sarcomere below. Include the following labels:
I band A band H zone myosin
actin sarcomere Z line
8. What is the name of the site on a muscle fiber where a motor neuron connects?
9. Name the neurotransmitter that stimulates muscle contraction:
10. Physiologically, what causes a muscle contraction to stop?
11. What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction?
12. Explain the sliding filament theory.
13. What causes muscle fatigue?
Use the key below to match the description with the type of muscle for #15-24. Some numbers might have more than one letter. For these, write BOTH letters on the blank.
a. skeletal muscle b. smooth muscle c. cardiac muscle
15. ______striated
16. ______involuntary
17. ______muscle of the heart
18. ______found in antagonistic pairs
19. ______non-striated
20. ______fibers are short, branched, and interconnected
21. ______intercalated discs allow for “all-or-none” contractions
22. ______facilitate locomotion
23. ______joined to bones by tendons
24. ______lines the viscera of the body
25. Why is it that smooth muscle appears smooth even though it contains both actin and myosin?
26. What is the difference between origin and insertion?
27. What happens with the origin and insertion (in terms of movement) during a muscle contraction?
28. Why do muscles always work in antagonistic pairs?
Use the term bank below to answer the following. Some muscles may be used more than once or not all.
a. orbicularis oris b. pectoralis major c. external oblique
d. sternocleidomastoid e. biceps brachii f. deltoid
g. rectus femoris h. sartorius i. gracilis
j. adductor muscle k. temporalis l. orbicularis oculi
m. masseter n. tibialis anterior o. rectus abdominus
p. trapezius q. gluteus maximus r. gastrocnemius
s. latissimus dorsi t. deltoid u. biceps femoris
v. triceps brachii x. buccinator y. occipitalis
29. ______circular muscle that blinks and closes the eye
30. ______abducts, flexes, and extends the humerus
31. ______posterior arm, opposite biceps brachii
32. ______flexes neck and rotates head
33. ______most prominent muscle of the back
34. ______circular muscle around the lips
35. ______sides of face in front of ear
36. ______fan-shaped muscle of the chest
37. ______flexes forearm at elbow and rotates hand laterally
38. ______allows one to be able to “shrug” shoulders
39. ______the “six-pack”
40. ______runs diagonally from the hip to the medial surface of the tibia