SYNTHESIS AND ANTI MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DIBENZALKETONES
M.PHARM DISSERTATION PROTOCOL

Submitted to
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences
Bangalore, Karnataka
By
KONDAMURI THRINATH KUMAR
B.Pharm
Under the Guidance of
Prof.SIDDANNA.A.DURGAD
M.Pharm. (Ph.D)
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

RAJIV MEMORIAL EDUCATION SOCIETY’S COLLEGE OF PHARMACY,
GULBARGA-585102
2012-2013

Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences

Bangalore, Karnataka

ANNEXURE - II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

1. / Name and Address of the candidate / KONDAMURI.THRINATH KUMAR
C/O K.THIMMAIAH,
D.NO-1/266, QUALITY CONTROL DIVISION, NEAR PRAGATHIBHAVAN, DIST-KADAPA, ANDHRA PRADESH-516004.
2. / Name of the Institution / R.M.E.S’s College of Pharmacy, Gulbarga, Karnataka-585102
3. / Course of study and subject / Master of Pharmacy in
Pharmaceutical chemistry.
4. / Date of admission to course / 22/12/2011
5. / Title of the Topic / “Synthesis And Anti Microbial Activity of
Dibenzalketones”.
6. / BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK
6.1  NEED OF THE STUDY:
Chalcone is an aromatic ketone that forms the central core for a variety of important biological compounds. Chalcone can be prepared by an aldol condensation between an aldehyde and a ketone in the presence of a catalyst. Aldol condensation is also known as Claisen-Schmidt rection1.The aldol reaction is one of the most powerful methods available for forming a carbon-carbon bond2. In this reaction, the conjugate base of an aldehyde or ketone adds to the carbonyl group of another aldehyde or ketone to give a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone product.
There are several methods available for the synthesis of chalcones. The most widely used is the base-catalyzed such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 3, potassium hydroxide (KOH) 4, barium hydroxide Ba(OH)25, and lithium hydroxide (LiOH.H2O)6. The acid-catalyzed that had been used to synthesize chalcones includes aluminum trichloride (AlCl3)7, dry HCl8, boron trifluoride-etherate (BF3-Et2O) 9, titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4)10 and ruthenium trichloride (RuCl3)11.
Chalcones show antimicrobial12, antimalarial13, anticancer14, antioxidant15 and anti-inflammatory16, and antitubercular17 properties. The presence of a reactive α, β-unsaturated keto function in chalcones was found to be responsible for their antimicrobial activity.
Recently, more attention has been paid to the synthesis of α, α’- bis (substituted benzylidene) cycloalkanones18, 19 are known as the dibenzalketone derivatives. These derivatives can be prepared by the crossed aldol condensation of cycloalkanones with aldehydes and ketones. Different complexes of metal ions such as Mn (II), Fe (II), Co (II), Ni (II), cu (II) and Zn (II) with different lignads have been used for aldol condensation20.
There are several methods available for the synthesis of dibenzalketones. Some of them are: Bis (p-methoxy-phenyl) telluroxide and KF-Al2O3 have been used for crossed-aldol condensation of cycloalkanones with aromatic aldehydes under microwave irradiation21, 22. Anhydrous RuCl and TiCl3 (SO3CF3) have also been used for this purpose under solvent free conditions23, 24.
Dibenzalacetone has a conjugated system and is expected to be easilyoxidized25. The more the double bond, the easier it will be oxidized. Therefore, it is assumed that Dibenzalketone and its derivatives will show antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.
The development of resistance to current antimicrobial therapy continues to stimulate the search for more effective agents, the increasing the clinical importance of drug resistant and bacterial pathogens has lent additional urgency to microbiological research and development of novel biologically active compounds. Hence the aim of this work is to synthesize some Dibenzalketone derivative and carry out anti-microbial potentials with good activity and less toxic effects.
6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
Literature survey reveals that the Dibenzolketones has received considerable attention during last few decades as they are endowed with variety of biological activities and wide range of therapeutic properties,
·  Sri Handayani, et al., reported the synthesis and anti-oxidant activity of benzalacetone, and its derivatives25.
·  Lucky O. Okunrobo, et al., recently reported the anti-inflammatory and gastro protective properties of some chalcones26.
·  Muhammad Azad, et al., recently reported the synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some Quinoline-Based chalcones27.
·  S.S Turkar, et al., recently reported the synthesis and anti-bacterial, anti-fungal activity of some novel chalcone derivatives28.
·  D.P Belsare, et al., recently reported the antioxidant activity of some chalcones and flavonoids29.
·  Y.Rajendra Prasad, et al., recently reported the synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some chalcone derivatives30.
·  Shoji Shibata, et al., recently reported the anti-tumorigenic activity of some chalcone derivatives31.
·  Nidhi Gautam, et al., recently reported the synthesis, antimicrobial and insecticidal activity of some new cinnoline based chalcones and cinnoline based pyrazoline derivatives32.
·  R.Kalirajan, et al., recently reported the synthesis and Biological evaluation of some heterocyclic derivatives of chalcones33.
·  Y.S.Agasimundin, et al., recently reported the synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some Novel chalcones containing 3-Hydroxy Benzofuran34.
·  Mukesh doble, et al., recently reported the antitubercular activity of some chalcone derivatives35.
·  M.S.chauhan, et al., recently reported the antitubercular activity of some quinolinyl chalcones36.
6.3 Objectives of the study
The objectives of our study are:
i.  To synthesize and characterized the dibenzalketone and derivatives.
ii.  Pharmacological screening for anti microbial activity.
iii.  To characterize all the synthesized compounds by physical (molecular formula, molecular weight, melting point, recrystllisation, Rf value) and activity data.
iv.  Chemical characterization of the newly synthesized compounds by the IR, NMR and mass spectral data.
7 / MATERIAL AND METHOD:
7.1  SOURCE OF DATA:
The present project is synthesis and chemical characterization of some Dibenzalketone derivatives and their anti microbial studies. It is mainly laboratory-based work. All chemicals required for synthesis will purchase from Aldrich, Merk and SD fine chemicals etc. the subject will be studied in detail by referring national and international journals in medicinal chemistry, our college has E-library facility to browse all the journals and provide necessary assistance for the student to visit library at IICT Hyderabad and IISC Bangalore for literature survey.
7.2 METHOD OF COLLECTION DATA:
The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds will be established on the basis of physical, chemical and analytical data. Purification of the synthesized compounds will be done by using recrystallisation techniques. Melting point of the newly synthesized compounds will be analyzed by using open capillary tube method.
IR, 1H NMR and Mass spectral data will confirm the chemical characterization of newly synthesized compounds. Anti –microbial activity will be carried out by cup plate method or by using broth dilution method.
7.3 Does the study require any investigation to be conducted on patients or other humans
Or animals? If so, please describe briefly.
NOT APPLICABLE
7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3
NOT APPLICABLE
8 / REFERENCES:
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(2010), 3(8), 890-893.
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12. S.S. Mokle, M.A. Sayeed, Kothawar and Chopde, Int.J.Chem.sci, (2004), 2(1), 96.
13. M. Liu, P. Wilairat, L.M. Go, J. Med.Chem, (2001), 44, 4443.
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17. P.M. Siva kumar, S.K. Geethababu, D. Mukesh, chem.Pharma.Bull, (2007), 55(1),
18. P. Salehi, M.M. Khodaei, M.A. Zolfigol, A. Keyvan, Monatsh.Chem, (2002), 133, 1291.
19. S.X. Wang, J. T Li, L. J Geng, J.Chem. Res. (S) (2003), 370, G. S Deng, T. G. Ren, Syntyh. Commun,
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Zhang, Q. L. Li, J.Chem.Res. (S) (2000), 580.
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25. Sri hindyani, InddyahSulistyo Arty, Journal of physical science, (2008), 19(2), 61-68.
26. L. Lucky Okunrobo, O. Cyril Usifoh, Polish pharmaceutical society, (2006), 63(3), 195-199.
27. Muhammad Azad, Munawar Ali Munawar, Journal of Applied Sciences, (2007), 7(17), 2485-2489.
28. S.S Turkar, A.H. Rodge, G.D. Hatnapure, A.Ap. Keche, G.S. Gaikwad, Journal of chemical and
Pharmaceutical research, (2010), 2(5), 348-355.
29. D.P. Belsare, S.C. Pal, A.A. Kazi, R.S. Kankate, International journal of chem tech- research, (2010),
2(2), 1080-1089.
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Research, (2009), 1(1), 27-34.
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9. / Signature of candidate
10. / Remark of the guide
The above information and literature has been extensively investigated, verified and was found to be correct. The present study will be carried out under my supervision and guidance.
11 / 11.1 Name & Designation of Guide / Prof.SIDDANNA.A.DURGAD
M.Pharm. (Ph.D)
Department Of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RMES’S College Of Pharmacy, Gulbarga-585102
11.2 Signature of guide
11.3 Co-Guide (if any) / Mr. PRABHUDEV .S. MATHAPATI
M.Pharm.
Lecturer,
Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry,
R.M.E.S.’s College of Pharmacy,
Gulbarga-585102.
11.4 Signature
11.5 Head of the Department / Dr. KISHORE SINGH.CHATRAPATI
M.Pharm. Ph.D
11.6 Signature
12 / 12.1 Remark of the Director /
principal / The above mentioned information is correct and I recommend the same for approval.
12.2 Signature / Dr. KISHORESINGH K.CHATRAPATHI
M.Pharm, Ph.D