1)Polypeptide chains are distinguished from proteins on account of differences in

a)Number of amino acid residues

b)Degree of structural complexity

c)Molecular weight

d)Biological functions

2)An example of a homooligomeric protein

a)Antibody

b)Hemoglobin

c)Insulin

d)Lactic dehydrogenase

3)Not an example of an oligomeric protein

a)Insulin

b)Immunoglobulin

c)G protein

d)Ribonuclease

4)Not a conjugated protein

a)Antibody

b)Creatine kinase

c)Myglobin

d)Alcohol degenerate

5)An incorrect statement about hemoglobin

a)Made up of different polypeptide chains

b)Contains 4 protoporphyrin IX structures

c)It can bind up to 4 oxygens

d)It contains 4 Fe(III) ions

6)Among these proteins, which one exerts a regulatory role

a)enzymes

b)hormones

c)G proteins

d)receptors

7)When viewing protein receptors, they are seen as

a)Sitting on the cell membrane surface

b)Sitting on the cytoplasmic side of a cell membrane

c)Occupyingthe middle part of a membrane

d)Transversing the membrane more than once

8)This type of amino acid can stabilize a protein structure through covalent linkages

a)Asparagines

b)Arginine

c)Glutamic acid

d)Cysteine

9)In a globular protein, this amino acid tends to be preferentially present at the surface

a)Arginine

b)Leucine

c)Tyrosine

d)Proline

10)An example of a superhelix

a)a-keratin

b)elastin

c)silk fibroin

d)all of the above

11)A false statement about a peptide bond

a)Exhibits partial double-bond character

b)Length is longer than a typical C-N bond

c)Rotation around it is restricted

d)Its C=O and N-H groups are usually trans- to each other

12) The distance traveled by a a-helix around its vertical axis to complete a full turn is known as

a)Axial distance

b)Coiling distance

c)The pitch

d)The rise

13)One complete turn of a typical a-helix around its vertical axis encompass ( ) residues

a)2.4

b)3.2

c)3.6

d)4.1

14)In a typical a-helix the main stabilizing force of the structure is

a)Disulfide linkages

b)H-bonds

c)Ionic bonds

d)Hydrophobic interactions

15) An incorrect statement about a-keratin

a)Usually right handed

b)An example of a secondary structure

c)Particularly rich in Cys and Val

d)R groups oriented radially and outwardly

16)An incorrect statement about a-keratin

a)It shows kinks due to the presence of Lys

b)The major component of a human hair

c)Helical bundles are organized in to microfibrils

d)Stabilized by -S-S- bonds

17)A correct statement about collagen

a)Cys-rich

b)Ala-rich

c)Trp-rich

d)His-rich

18)An incorrect statement about fibrous proteins

a)Antiparallel ß-pleated sheets are more stable than parallel ones

b)Lysine is a key residue for the covalent cross linking of tropocollagen

c)Elastin occurs in tissues as irregularly cross-linked b-structures

d)Proline favors the smooth coiling of the helical structure

19)In a globular protein, this amino acid is preferentially found in the core

a)Arg

b)Asp

c)Asn

d)Val

20)In a globular protein loops and turns represent

a)Regions where the polypeptide chain folds back on itself

b)Stretches made of random coil

c)Distant regions of a protein where amino acids get together

d)Protein regions that contribute to the compact shape of the protein

21)This amino acid residue contributes to in π – π interactions

a)His

b)Phen

c)Pro

d)Gln

22)The predominant secondary structure in myoglobin and hemoglobin is (are)

a)Random coil

b)B-structure + random coil

c)A-helix random coil

d)A-helix + b-structure + random coil

23)An incorrect statement about protein domains

a)Represent binding areas of a protein

b)Represent miniglobular areas of a protein

c)Represent protein areas made of motifs

d)Represent individual polypeptide chains of an oligomeric protein

24)The designation “super secondary structure” is applied to

a)Domains

b)Folds

c)Motifs

d)Super helices

25)The most important force that holds the subunits of a protein like HbA together

a)-S-S- bonds

b)Ionic interactions

c)Ionic interactions

d)Hydrophobic interactions

26)A protein like creatine kinase will exhibit ( ) protein structures

a)Only primary and secondary

b)Primary, secondary and tertiary

c)Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary

d)Choice (b) plus prosthetic group

27)An incorrect statement about the role of -S-S- bond formation in protein folding

a)It influences the folding since they form before the protein acquires a native conformation

b)The correct pairing of two cysteines is determined by the primary structure of the protein

c)The correct pairing of two cysteines is determined by the primary structure of the protein

d)The correct pairing of two cysteines is determined by the primary structure of the protein

28)Among these motifs, which one represents a sandwich?

a)a

b)b

c)c

d)d

e)e

29)This type of interaction can be represented by two very weak minimagnets

a)H-bond

b)Ionic bonds

c)π – π interactions

d)van der Waals forces

30)Sickle cell disease is the result of ( ) in hemoglobin

a)Oxidation of the iron component

b)Mutation at the a-subunits

c)Mutation of b-subunit

d)Replacement of one of the Hb chains

31)The difference between Hba and HbS is

a)The number of amino acids

b)The sequence of certain amino acids

c)The variability of a particular amino acid

d)The overall shape

32)An incorrect statement about chaperones

a)They can assist in the assembly of a quaternary protein structure

b)They can help cells to renaturate certain proteins that might have become denaturated

c)They consume ATP during the folding of a protein into a native conformation

d)Their average molecular weight is around 60,000

33)The common way to describe the overall appearance of a chaperonin is as a

a)Double circle

b)Double tube

c)Double barrel

d)Double loop

34)The best studied chaperonin, which is present in E. Coli, has an average molecular weight of

a)10,000 Da

b)40,000 Da

c)60,000 Da

d)70,000 Da

35)Not a true feature of a chaperonin

a)The polypeptide to be folded enters from the top and exits from the bottom

b)Each component of a wall can bind one ATP

c)In total, a chaperonin consists of 2 parts, a body and a cap, which are repeated

d)Mainly used by polypeptide chains containing more than 200 residues

36)The least affected protein structure of a protein like hemoglobin upon denaturation

a)Primary

b)Secondary

c)Tertiary

d)Quaternary

37)The best denaturating agent to separate the components of an immunoglobulin in intact form

a)Primary

b)Secondary

c)Tertiary

d)Quaternary

38)An incorrect statement about monosaccharides in general

a)The predominant form in animal cells is the D-form

b)A Fischer projection is sufficient to determine the type of enantiomer-present

c)A conformational formula is sufficient to determine the type of anomer present

d)By using a cyclic formula one can tell whether it is the (+)- or (-)- form

39)D-Glucuronic acid is obtained by the oxidation of ( )in an aldose

a)C-1

b)C-2

c)C-6

d)Both C-1 and C-6

40) Among the following compounds, which two are diastereomers of each other?

a)1 and 2

b)1 and 3

c)1 and 4

d)2 and 3

41) Among these carbohydrate-linkage pairs, which one is incorrect?

a)Maltose – α(1→4)

b)Cellobiose – β(1→4)

c)Lactose – α(1→4)

d)Isomaltose – α(1→6)

42) A true feature of compounds designated as polyols

a)Viewed as oxidation products of aldoses

b)May serve as the basis for the synthesis of drugs to treat diabetes

c)Characteristically very sweet

d)All of the above

43) An incorrect statement about this compound

a)It participates in the activation of regular medication

b)It reacts with many drugs though its C-1

c)It allows medication to be excreted in the urine

d)It allows medication to become more soluble in water

44) The diagram shown below represents a type of carbohydrate derivative known as

a)Glycoprotein

b)Peptidoglycan

c)Proteoglycan

d)Glycosaminoglycan

45) The central component, represented by a dark line running from top to bottom, is

a)A linkage protein

b)A core protein

c)Hyaluronic acid

d)A sulfated glycosaminoglycan

46) The compound shown below is a structural component of a molecule known as (fig)

a)Ganglioside

b)Globoside

c)Peptidoglycan

d)Hyaluronic acid

Use the following structure to answer the next 2 questions

47) What type of glycosidic linkages is present?

a)α(1→3)

b)β(1→3)

c)α(1→4)

d)β(1→4)

48) A true statement about the compound shown in question 47

a)It contains a hemiacetal carbon

b)It contains two hemiacetal carbons

c)It contains an acetal carbon

d)It contains a ketal carbon

49) NOT a true difference between glycogen and amylopectin

a)Number of branches

b)Frequency of branching

c)Overall shape

d)Type of glycosidic linkages

50) A similarity between amylose and amylopectin

a)Overall appearance

b)Solubility in water

c)Conformation in solution

d)None of the above

51) Organic compounds are classified as lipids based on

a)Chemical structures

b)Chemical properties

c)Solubility properties

d)Biological actions

52) A false statement about fatty acids present in mammalian tissues

a)Generally containing between 16-18 carbons

b)Often containing unsaturation

c)Seldom with trans-double bonds

d)Examples such as 18:3 or 20:5 need to be obtained from the diet

53) Main determinant of the difference between animal and plant acylglycerols

a)Length of the fatty acids

b)Number of fatty acids

c)Type of fatty acids

d)Type of chemical linkages

54) The designation “amphipathic molecule” is more correctly applied to these molecules

a)PUFAs

b)Acylglycerol

c)Phosphoglyceride

d)Steroids

55) An example of an ether compound

a)Ceramide

b)Plasmalogen

c)Phosphoglyceride

d)Wax

56) A molecule known as L-phosphatidic acid does not contain

a)Glycerol

b)Fatty acid

c)Basic alcohol

d)Phosphoric acid

57) A negatively charged acylphosphoglyceride

a)Phosphatidylcholine

b)Phosphatidylethanolamine

c)Platelet aggregating factor

d)Cardiolipin

58) An example of a glycolipid

a)Ceramide

b)Cerebroside

c)Sphingomyelin

d)Prostaglandin

59) A sulfatide is a structural variation of a

a)Ceramide

b)Cerebroside

c)Globolside

d)Ganglioside

60) In disease designated as sphingolipidoses the organelle relevant to the disease is

a)Endoplasmic reticulum

b)Peroxisome

c)Lysosome

d)Mitochondrion

61) Characterized by the accumulation of sphingomyelin

a)Gaucher disease

b)Fabry disease

c)Niemann-Pick disease

d)Tay-Sachs disease

62) Zellweger syndrome is characterized by a lack of

a)Lysosomes

b)Peroxisomes

c)Mitochondrion

d)Golgi apparatu

63) Babies with Zellweger syndrome are unable to make

a)Cerebrosides

b)Gangliosides

c)Sphingomyelin

d)Plasmalogens

64) Classified as an eicosanoid but not as a prostanoid

a)Leukotriene

b)Prostacyclin

c)Prostaglandin

d)Thromboxane

65) Drugs like aspirin, ibuprofen or naproxen specifically act on

a)COX

b)Phospholipase A2

c)Phospholipase C

d)Lipoxygenase

66) Absent from biological membrane

a)Ganglioside

b)Sphingomyelin

c)Acylglycerol

d)Cardiolipin

67) The major difference between a globoside and a ganglioside is

a)Number of sugar residues

b)Presence of NANA

c)Different number of NANA molecules

d)Different location of the NANAs

68) A false statement

a)Steroids and bile acids are derivatives of cholesterol

b)Estrogens are aromatic molecules

c)Glucocorticoids contain a carbon-side chain at C-17

d)Aldosterone is an example of an aldehyde compound

69) The activation of vitamin D requires a ______reaction

a)Ring opening

b)Removal of the C-17 side chain

c)Removal of a double bond

d)Hydroxylation

70) A true statement about prostaglandins

a)The location of the ring double bond is determined by the particular precursor

b)In people born in the western hemisphere the major precursor is 20:3

c)The most common type among Americans is the series 2 compounds

d)A prostacyclin like PGI2 has similar structural features as a prostaglandin

71) A true statement about trans-fats

a)Abundant in certain vegetable oils

b)Abundant in certain animal fats

c)Considered to be a high risk of diabetes

d)Byproducts of the margarine industry

72) The following compound is an example of an

a)Omega-5 fatty acid

b)Omega-6 fatty acid

c)Omega-9 fatty acid

d)Omega-10 fatty acid