Exercise Science Exam Review:
THURSDAY, JUNE 23, 2011 @ 2 pm in room 108
Make sure you bring TEXTBOOK and CALCULATOR to exam
Exam will consist of:
- Multiple choice
- Fill in the blanks with word bank
- Short answers – math type questions
Units covered in the course:
1) Anatomical Terminology
2) The Skeletal System
3) The Muscular System
4) Joint Mechanics
5) Cardiovascular & Respiratory System
6) Nutrition and Performance
7) Training Principles
The best way to be successful in this class is to look over ALL powerpoint slides on the website and any pages from the workbook or textbook I mention in this review. Review the previous tests from this class. Below are some of the key concepts you should review.
Anatomical Terminology
- Anatomical position
- Anatomical planes
- Axis of rotation
- Terminology
- Types of body movement
The Skeletal System
- Axial vs appendicular skeleton
- 5 types of bones – know definitions and where they are located in body
- Anatomy of long bones – label & definitions
o Diaphysis
o Epiphysis
o Cancellous bone
o Compact bone
o Periosteum
o Medullary cavity
- Key bones (in exam review powerpoint)
- Bone problems
o Fractures: simple, compound, comminuted fracture
o Stress fractures
o Osteoporosis
The Muscular System
- Types of muscles: smooth, cardiac, skeletal
- Muscles to know – see exam review powerpoint
o Common names for muscles: hamstring, quadricep, calf, rotator cuff
o 17 other muscles know to label
- Agonist vs antagonist
o Table from worksheet (see exam review powerpoint)
- Isometric, concentric, eccentric
- Isotonic, isometric and isokinetic
- Anatomy of skeletal muscle
o Page 45 in workbook -- know labels
o Epimysium, perimysium, endomysium, sarcolemma, sarcoplam – know definitions
o Actin vs myosin
- Structure of sarcomere
o Z line, A band, I band, H zone, contracting vs relaxing
- Sliding filament theory
- Energy systems
- Anaerobic vs aerobic
- Metabolic pathways: ATP-PC, glycolysis, cellular respiration
o Know what they are and sports associated
- Fibre types
o Slow vs fast twitch
o Type 1, 2a, 2b
Joint Mechanics
- 3 Joint classifications
- 6 Synovial joint characteristics
o Know definitions
o Page 71 in workbook
- 6 Types of synovial joints
- Joints in body
o Remember not to memorize – just need to know bones (worksheet with skeleton)
o Tendon vs ligament
o Common joint name for knee and ankle
- Ligaments of the knee
o ACL, MCL, PCL, LCL
o Know definitions and where to label
- Common sport injuries discussed in powerpoint
- Treatment of injury
- PIER
Cardiovascular and Respiratory System
- Role of cardiovascular system
- Anatomy of heart
o Know how to label – page 97 in workbook
o Walls of heart
o Heart valves
o Chambers
- Systemic vs pulmonary circulation = double pump
- Pathway of blood flow
- Arteries vs vein
- Role of respiratory system
- External, internal and respiratory
- Conductive vs respiratory zone
- Diaphragm
- Ventilation: inspiration vs expiration
- Vascular system
- Venous return
- Cardiac cycle
o Diastole vs systole
o Blood pressure
o Know normal values for blood pressure
o Types of blood
- Cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate
- Ventilation
- VO2max
- Importance of Lance Armstrong & relating to course
- Adaptations to exercise
o Redistribution of blood
o Last 2 slides in powerpoint presentation
Nutrition
- Macronutrients vs micronutrients
- Protein, carbohydrate, fat
- Vitamins & minerals (7)
- Calcium, iron, water, bananas, chocolate milk
- Dietary reference intake for ages 4-18 for proteins, carbs, fats (chart)
- Food serving size for males/femals ages 14-18 (chart)
- Guidance on quality of food choices slides
- Eat well and be active everyday slides
- Know how to read nutrition label
- Understand how to compare and choose the best product
- Optimum nutrition – serving size
- Competition meals: pre, during, post
- Fluid replenishment: pre, during, post
- Heat problems
- Energy equation
- Calories
- Daily caloric need
- Basal and resting metabolic rate
o Know definitions
o Affects on metabolic rate
o Don’t need to memorize long equation for RMR
o BUT know how to estimate RMR and daily caloric need
- BMI
o Know definition
o Equation and what answers mean
o Limitations
Training Principles
- Effects of performance-enhancing drugs and techniques (pg. 123 in workbook)
- FITT principle
- Exercise in heat, cold, altitude, air pollution (group work from class or page 199-201 in textbook)
o Effects on body and training
- 6 principles of training
ISU presentations
- 1 question from each presentation (taken from handout)