Name ______Hour ____
8.1 Energy and Life
Chemical Energy and ATP
1. is the ability to do work.
2. The main chemical compound cells use for energy is (ATP).
3. is a 5-carbon sugar molecule that is part of an ATP molecule.
4. The of ATP are the key to its ability to store and supply energy.
5. ATP releases energy when it bonds between its phosphate groups.
6. Most cells only store enough ATP for of activity.
Heterotrophs and Autotrophs
For Questions 13–17, write True if the statement is true. If the statement is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true.
7. All heterotrophs must eat food to get energy.
8. Autotrophs do not need to eat food because they make food.
9. The energy in food originally came from ATP.
10. The term photosynthesis means “pulling apart with light” in Greek.
11. The energy of sunlight is stored in the chemical bonds of carbohydrates.
12. Suppose that you ate a hamburger on a wheat roll with lettuce, tomatoes, and onions for lunch. As you ate, you took in food molecules from plants and animals. Explain why all the energy in the food molecules of this hamburger could be traced back to the sun.
8.2 Photosynthesis: An Overview
Chlorophyll and Chloroplasts
1. The of light determines its color.
2. Chemicals that absorb light are called .
3. Chlorophyll makes plants look green because it green light.
An Overview of Photosynthesis
5. What are the reactants of the photosynthesis reaction?
A. chlorophyll and light C. carbohydrates and oxygen
B. carbon dioxide and water D. high-energy electrons and air
6. What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
A. chloroplasts and light C. oxygen and ATP
B. proteins and lipids D. water and sugars
9.1 Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Chemical Energy and Food
1. A calorie is a unit of .
2. The Calorie used on food labels is equal to calories.
3. A Calorie is also referred to as a .
4. Cells use the energy stored in chemical bonds of foods to produce compounds that directly power the cell’s activities, such as .
Overview of Cellular Respiration
5. The equation that summarizes cellular respiration, using chemical formulas, is
_ ______.
6. The pathways of cellular respiration that require oxygen are said to be . Pathways that do not require oxygen are said to be .
Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Complete the table using the words below. Some words may be used more than once. You will use more than one term in some of the spaces.
Photosynthesis / Cellular RespirationFunction / energy capture
Location / chloroplasts
Reactants / glucose and oxygen
Products / oxygen and glucose
Answer the questions
7. Circle the correct answer. Which process releases energy for the cell?
cellular respiration photosynthesis
8. Circle the correct answer. For which reaction is 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 the correct equation?
cellular respiration photosynthesis
9. Which statement about cellular respiration is true?
A. Cellular respiration does not use energy.
B. The total amount of energy is constant.
C. Energy is destroyed during the reaction.
D. Energy is created during the reaction.
10. How are the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration connected?
A. The products of both processes are the same.
B. The reactants for one process are the same as the reactants for the other process.
C. Each process provides the materials needed in the other process.
D. There is no direct relationship.
9.3 Fermentation
Term / DefinitionFermentation / The ______process that releases energy from food molecules by
producing ______
A Venn diagram is made up of overlapping circles. It is a useful tool for comparing two or even three topics. As you read about the two forms of fermentation in Lesson 3, complete the Venn diagram below.
Fermentation
Circle the correct answer. Questions may have more than one correct answer.
3. Alcoholic fermentation is used to make which product?
bread cheese yogurt pickles
4. What kind of taste do lactic acid bacteria give foods?
sweet salty sour spicy
5. What are some milk products made from lactic acid fermentation?
milk sour cream yogurt cheese
6. What is one main difference between fermentation and aerobic respiration?
The two main types of fermentation are named for the products they form.
Lactic Acid Fermentation / Alcoholic FermentationReactants
End products
Uses by humans