Nutrient Absorption Station Lab

Station 1: Flow of Blood

In front of you there is an iPad with that has an animation of the heart pumping blood. Click the numbers in order, listen and watch the animation, and answer the questions.

  1. Oxygen-rich blood enters what part of the heart? Oxygen-poor blood enters what part of the heart?
  2. Describe the purpose of the contraction of the left and right ventricle?
  3. Oxygen-rich blood is transported where? And for what purpose?
  4. Oxygen-poor blood is transported where? And for what purpose?
  5. Explain the significance and differences of the 2 paths of circulation.
  6. Describe the differences between a 4 chambered heart and a 3chambered heart.

Station 2: Digestion of a Ham Sandwich

Enzyme / Digestive Organ / Function
Salivary amylase / mouth / Breaks Down starches into simple sugars
Pepsin / Stomach / Breaks down proteins
Maltase, lactase, sucrose / Small intestine / Breaks down sugars into simpler molecules
Peptidase / Small intestine / Breaks down proteins into amino acids
Trypsin / Small intestine, pancreas / Continues breakdown of proteins
Amylase / Small intestine, pancreas / Continues breakdown of starches
Lipase / Small intestine, pancreas / Aids in breaking down fats

Directions: For lunch yesterday, you ate a ham sandwich. Your sandwich was made of two pieces of bread, one piece of ham, one piece of cheese, and the sandwich also had mayonnaise on it as well. By now it has left your body. What happened to that sandwich? Answer the following questions using the chart below.

There are four components to your sandwich: bread, ham, cheese and mayonnaise. What are the macromolecules that are found in each component (lipid, carbohydrate, or protein)?

  1. Bread
  2. Ham
  3. Cheese
  4. Mayonnaise

After digestion has occurred, each life substance is broken down into a smaller substance, what are these smaller substances called (Hint: Monomers of the macromolecules)? What enzymes breaks the macromolecules down? Where is this enzyme located?

Macromolecule / Smaller substance / Enzyme / Location of Enzyme
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid

Write down the entire digestion process for this ham sandwich from start to finish. Make sure to explain what is happening in each organ and describe how each organ is involved.

  1. Mouth
  1. Esophagus
  1. Stomach
  1. Small Intestine
  1. Liver
  1. Pancreas
  1. Large Intestine
  1. Anus

Station 3: Lung Chamber Lab

Directions: Delicately pull the balloon on the cup and watch the “lung” on the inside expand and contract. Answer the following questions. All questions need to be answered in at least 1 complete sentence. (No short answers)

  1. When you expand the diaphragm, by pulling the balloon, what happens to the lung?
  1. Explain why your answer to question 1 happens.
  1. What component of cellular respiration is filling the “lung”?
  1. What type of cellular respiration is this? (Aerobic/Anaerobic)
  1. What happens to the lung when you slowly release the balloon back to its original

position?

  1. Explain why your answer to question 2 happens.
  1. What component of cellular respiration is being released by the lung?
  1. Asthma is a condition that causes the alveoli to become inflamed, swell, and secrete more mucus. What do you think will happen to the volume of air that fills the lungs?

Station 4: Heart Rate Lab

Each time your heart beats, blood is pumped into your arteries. As the blood surges into the arteries during a heart beat, each artery stretches and bulges. This brief bulge of the artery is called a pulse. You will be measuring heart rate by counting the number of pulses in the artery in the wrist for 15 second intervals .

Introduction: One of the circulatory system’s functions is to deliver oxygen to the muscles. When your muscles are working they need more oxygen. If the heart pumps too rapidly, however, it is a sign that the heart is not working efficiently.

Purpose: To test the efficiency of your heart by checking your heart rate before and after exercise.

Materials: Clock or stopwatch with a second hand, calculator

Methods:

1. Sit quietly. Find your resting pulse rate. Count the pulse beats you feel in 15 seconds. Record this number in the chart, “Resting Pulse.” Multiply this number by 4 to get the pulse rate per minute.

2. Repeat direction #1 three more times and record the pulse beats on the chart.

3. Run in place for 1 minute. Sit down and count your pulse for 15 seconds and quickly record on the chart “Pulse Rate After Exercise.” Count your pulse every 15 seconds for 8 counts and record on the chart.

4. Graph the data from both charts to show how your heart rate changes over time. Plot the four resting pulse rates per minute in one color and the eight pulse rates after exercising in a different color. Include a title, and x and y labels.

Analysis – On a separate sheet of paper, answer the following questions in complete sentences

  1. How does the graph of pulse rates after exercising differ from the resting pulse rate graph?
  2. Explain why your pulse increase after running in place for one minute?
  3. How long did it take for your pulse to return to “normal” after the exercise?

Pulse in 15 seconds / Pulse per minute
Pulse in 15 seconds / Pulse per minute

Resting Pulse Pulse Rate After Exercise

Pulse in 15 seconds / Pulse per minute
1
2
3

Station 5: Journey of the Respiratory

Take the following words and place them in the correct order starting with a molecule of oxygen entering the nose and ending with a molecule of carbon dioxide leaving the nose.

tracheanasal cavitybronchiolesbronchialveolicapillary

tracheanasal cavitybronchiolesbronchialveolicapillary

1. NOSE

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8. CELLS of the BODY

9.

10.

11.

12.

Station 6: Nutrient Absorption Crossword Puzzle

Directions: Fill out the crossword puzzle on your answer sheet:

Across

2.Stores bile.

4.Respiratory system of insects.

5.The right atrium and ventricle transport this type of blood

6.The left atrium and ventricle transport this type of blood.

7.The circuit that takes the blood to and from all parts of your body (not the lungs).

8.Type of digestive system with only one opening.

11.Type of digestive system with 2 openings.

12.Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down ______.

14.Breaks down starches in the mouth and the small intestine.

15.The liquid portion of your blood that all cells and nutrients are suspended in.

16.Secretes bile which helps break down fat.

Down

1.The circuit that takes the blood to and from the lungs.

3.Respiratory system of spiders.

9.Involuntary movement consisting of smooth muscle contractions in the digestive system.

10.Secretes insulin and other enzymes.

13.Site of Gas Exchange.