Name______Class Period______
WHITLOCK Urban America US History
Era: The Gilded Age (~1877 – 1898)
Chapter 4: Urban America (1865-1896)
Lesson 1: IMMIGRATION (pg 144-148)
OBJECTIVES:
¨ Analyze the circumstances surrounding the great wave of immigration after the Civil War
¨ Explain Push/Pull Immigration and the resulting demographic changes in the US
¨ Evaluate how nativism affected immigration policies
¨ Describe the optimism of immigrants who arrived seeking a better life in the US
VOCABULARY:
Push migration factor something that causes someone to leave their native country
Pull migration factor something that draws someone into a specific country
nativism hostility toward immigrants by native-born people
immigrant: one who enters and becomes established in a country other than that of his or her original nationality
emigrant: a person who leaves their own country in order to settle permanently in another
ethnic: relating to large groups of people classed according to common racial, national, tribal, religious, linguistic, or cultural origin or background
epidemic: a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time
cholera: an infectious and often fatal bacterial disease of the small intestine, typically contracted from infected water supplies and causing severe vomiting and diarrhea
demographics: statistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it
denomination: a religious organization whose congregations are united in their adherence to its beliefs and practices
synagogue: Jewish house of worship
Lesson 2: URBANIZATION (pg 152-155)
OBJECTIVES:
¨ Understand reasons why people move to cities
¨ Explain the role of technology in urban development
¨ Compare living conditions between social classes
¨ Identify economic, social, political and environmental issues that arose due to rapid urbanization
¨ Evaluate the role that political machines played in urban politics in the late 1800s
VOCABULARY:
Skyscraper: a very tall building
Tenement: multifamily apartments, usually dark, crowded, and barely meeting minimum living standards
political machine: an organization linked to a political party that often controlled local government
party boss: the person in control of a political machine
graft: the acquisition of money in dishonest ways, as in bribing a politician
urban: city
rural: countryside
incentive: something that motivates a person into action
corrupt: having or showing a willingness to act dishonestly in return for money or personal gain
Infamous: well known for some bad quality or deed
Lesson 3: THE GILDED AGE (pg 156-162)
OBJECTIVES:
¨ Explain impact of Social Darwinism on American industry
¨ Evaluate efforts to help the urban poor
¨ Analyze the role of Public Schools in the Americanization and Assimilation process of immigrants
¨ Explain the growth of leisure time and new forms of entertainment in this era
¨ Explain the role of the Klondike Gold Rush on the settlement of Alaska and on the monetary policy of the Gilded Age
VOCABULARY:
Individualism: the belief that no matter what a person’s background is, he or she can still become successful through effort
Social Darwinism: a philosophy based on Charles Darwin’s theories of evolution and natural selection, asserting that humans have developed through competition and natural selection with only the strongest surviving
Philanthropy: providing money to support humanitarian or social goals
settlement house: an institution located in a poor neighborhood that provided numerous community services such as medical care, child care, libraries, and classes in English
Americanization: the process of acquiring or causing a person to acquire American traits and characteristics
Gilded: covered thinly with gold leaf or gold paint
Evolution: the scientific theory that humans and other forms of life have evolved over time
Reform: make changes in (something, typically a social, political, or economic institution or practice) in order to improve it.
Regulation: government imposed rule or law
Socialism: a way of organizing a society in which major industries are owned and controlled by the government rather than by individual people and companies
Vocational education: is education within vocational schools that prepares people for a specific trade. It directly develops expertise in techniques related to technology, skill and scientific technique to span all aspects of the trade
Lesson 4: POLITICS IN WASHINGTON (pg 163-168)
OBJECTIVES:
¨ Compare Republican/Democratic party ideologies
¨ Examine the issues that led to Civil Service Reform
¨ Explain the rise of the Populist Party and other farmers’ organization in the US
¨ Evaluate the role of third parties in American politics
¨ Understand the gold vs. silver currency debate
Vocabulary:
Patronage: the practice of rewarding political supporters with government jobs (also known as the spoils system)
civil service: those employed in government administration except in the armed forces, legislature, or judiciary
inefficient: not achieving maximum productivity; wasting or failing to make the best use of time or resources.
corrupt: having or showing a willingness to act dishonestly in return for money or personal gain
affiliation: to closely connect (something or yourself) with or to something (such as a program or organization) as a member or partner
rebate: return of part of a payment for a good after purchase
regulation: government imposed rule or law
interstate commerce: refers to the purchase, sale or exchange of commodities, transportation of people, money or goods, and navigation of waters between different states
commodity: something useful or valued
fiat currency: type of paper money issued by gov’t fiat (order), and whose value is based on the issuing authority's guarantee to pay the stated (face) amount on demand, and not on a commodity like silver or gold. The value of fiat money depends on the strength of the issuing country's economy
bond a note issued by the government that promises to pay off a loan with interest
platform: the declared policy of a political party or group the declared policy of a political party or group
moderate: a person who is moderate in opinion or opposed to extreme views and actions, especially in politics
Lesson 5: THE RISE OF SEGREGATION (pg 169-173)
OBJECTIVES:
¨ Describe how black Americans in the South were disenfranchised and how segregation was established through Plessy v. Ferguson
¨ Evaluate the efforts of Ida B. Wells, Booker T. Washington, and W.E.B. DuBois to end racial discrimination
VOCABULARY:
Content Vocabulary and Concepts
poll tax a tax of a fixed amount per person that had to be paid before the person could vote
Grandfather Clause: a clause in the constitutions of some Southern states after 1890 intended to permit
whites to vote while disfranchising blacks: it exempted from new literacy and property qualifications for
voting those men entitled to vote before 1867 and their lineal descendant
segregation the separation or isolation of a race, class, or group
Jim Crow laws statutes or laws created to enforce segregation
lynch to execute, by hanging, without lawful approval
discrimination different treatment or preference on a basis other than individual merit
disenfranchise: deprive someone of the right to vote
suffrage: the right to vote