2015 Year 10 EOY Paper P1

Surbiton High School

2015 Year 10 EOY Paper P1

M1.(a) (i) 77

1

(ii)Oil

1

(b) water

accept H2O

1

(c) Carbon dioxide causes global warming

1

[4]

M2.(a) (i) (visible) light

accept visible

1

(ii)microwaves

1

(b) J

1

(c) (i)B

1

(ii)shorter than

1

(d) (i) To find out if using a mobile phone is harmful to health

1

(ii)anytwo from:

• (X has a) low(er) SAR value

“it” refers to mobile phone

accept has a low(er) rate

• (maximum) energy absorbed (by the head) is less

accept energy emitted (by phone) is less
accept radiation for energy

• (if mobiles are harmful) less likely to cause harm

accept will not cause harm
accept it is safer

2

[8]

M3.(a) (i)light (energy)

this answer only

1

(ii)raises its temperature

accept warms / heats it

accept air molecules / particles gain energy / move faster

donot accept heat

donot accept pollution

1

(iii)

20% or 0.2

allow1 mark for correct substitution ie provided that no subsequent step is shown

20 without % scores 1 mark, 20 or 0.2 with a unit scores 1 mark

2

(iv)mercury can be recovered /reused / recycled
or
mercury (vapour) does not get into the atmosphere / environment / air

accept to stop mercury poisoning the land / getting into the food chain / water supply

accept poisonous gas for mercury (vapour)

donot accept general poisoning

cause harm to the environment is insufficient

1

(b) a smaller

1

(c) reaches full brightness faster

accept brighter / switches on faster accept it does not get as hot

accept it will not burn someone who touches it

accept stays cool

accept temperature does not increase as much

accept temperature only goes to 24 (°C)

accept contains no mercury

donot accept wastes less energy

1

(d) top two boxes both ticked

The number of hours each bulb lasts before needing to be replaced.

The power of each bulb in watts.

1

[8]

M4.(a)B

no mark for B - marks are for the explanation

first two mark points can score even if A is chosen

draught increases (the rate of) evaporation

accept more evaporation happens

accept draught removes (evaporated) particles faster

donot accept answers in terms of particles gaining energy from the fan / draught

1

evaporation has a cooling effect

accept (average) kinetic energy of (remaining) particles decreases

1

so temperature will fall faster / further

1

(b) larger surface area

1

increasing the (rate of) evaporation

accept more / faster evaporation

accept easier for particles to evaporate

or

for water to evaporate from

accept more particles can evaporate

accept water / particles which have evaporated are trapped (in the bag)

answers in terms of exposure to the Sun are insufficient

1

[5]

M5. (a) increases the voltage (across the cables)
or
decreases the current (through the cables)

1

reducing energy losses (in cables)

accept heat for energy

donot accept electricity for energy

donot accept no energy loss

accept wires do not get as hot

or
increases efficiency of (electricity / energy) transmission

ignore reference to travel faster

1

(b)Marks awarded for this answer will be determined by the Quality of Written Communication (QWC) as well as the standard of the scientific response. Examiners should also refer to the Marking Guidance, and apply a ‘best-fit’ approach to the marking.

0 marks
No relevant content

Level 1 (1-2 marks)
There is a brief description of one advantage or disadvantage of using either overhead or underground cables.

Level 2 (3-4 marks)
There is a description of some of the advantages and / ordisadvantagesfor both overhead and underground cables, with a minimum of three points made. There must be at least one point for each type of cable.

Level 3 (5-6 marks)
There is a clear and detailed description of the advantages and disadvantages of overhead and underground cables, with a minimum of five points made. At least one advantage and one disadvantage for each type of cable.

examples of the points made in the response

marks may be gained by linking an advantage for one type of cable with a disadvantage for the other type of cable

eg

overhead cables are easy to repair = 1 mark

overhead cables are easier to repair = 1 mark

overhead cables are easier to repair than underground cables = 2 marks

Overhead
Advantages

•(relatively) quick / easy to repair / maintain / access

easy to install is insufficient

donot accept easy to spot / see a fault

•less expensive to install / repair / maintain

less expensive is insufficient

•cables cooled by the air

accept thermal energy / heat removed by the air

•air acts as electrical insulator

accept there is no need for electrical insulation (around the cables)

•can use thinner cables

difficult to reach is insufficient

land beneath cables can still be used is insufficient

Disadvantages

•spoil the landscape

•greater risk of (fatal) electric shock

•damaged / affected by (severe) weather

accept specific examples eg high winds, ice

more maintenance is insufficient

•hazard to low flying aircraft / helicopters

kites / fishing lines can touch them is insufficient

hazard to aircraft is insufficient

Underground
Advantages

•cannot be seen

•no hazard to aircraft / helicopters

•unlikely to be / not damaged / affected by (severe) weather

less maintenance is insufficient

(normally) no / reduced shock hazard

installed in urban areas is insufficient

Disadvantages

•repairs take longer / are more expensive

accept harder to repair / maintain

have to dig up for repairs is insufficient

•(more) difficult to access (cables)

hard to locate (cables) is insufficient

faults hard to find is insufficient

•(very) expensive to install

•thicker cables required

•need cooling systems

•need layers of electrical insulation

•land disruption (to lay cables)

accept damage to environment / habitat(s)

or
cannot use land either side of cable path

accept restricted land use

6

(c) examples of acceptable responses:

allow1 mark for each correct point

•closest to cables field from underground is stronger

•field from overhead cables stronger after 5 metres

•field from underground cables drops rapidly

•field from overhead cables does not drop much until after 20 metres

accept values between 20 and 30 inclusive

•overhead field drops to zero at / after 50 metres

•underground field drops to zero at / after 30 metres

•(strength of) field decreases with distance for both types of cable

if suitably amplified this may score both marks

2

(d) ethical

1

[11]

M6.(a) (i)the oscillation / vibration (causing the wave)

a movement causes the wave is insufficient

1

for a transverse wave is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

answers given in terms of direction of wave travel and not energy transfer for both types of wave, score 1 mark for these two mark points

1

and for a longitudinal wave is parallel to the direction of energy transfer

the marks may be scored by the drawing of two correctly labelled diagrams ie

two labelled diagrams showing the general form of a transverse and longitudinal wave gain 1 mark if no other mark has been awarded eg

1

(ii)mechanical wave

accept specific examples, eg waves on a spring / slinky / seismic / earthquake waves

accept water waves

donot accept shock waves

1

(b) semicircular waves drawn

judged by eye

do not need to be full semicircles

ignore any rays

1

(c) sound (waves) will diffract (towards the person)

1

or

light (waves) do not diffract (towards the person)

(because) width of door way similar to / less than wavelength of sound (waves)

or

(because) width of doorway much greater than wavelength of light (waves)

a general statement that waves (only) diffract when the width of a gap is similar to the wavelength of the waves can be awarded 1 mark

1

[7]

M7.(a)anythree from:

•red-shift shows galaxies are moving away (from each other / the Earth)

•more distant galaxies show bigger red-shift

or

more distant galaxies show a greater increase in wavelength

accept correct reference to frequency in place of wavelength

• (in all directions) more distant galaxies are moving away faster

accept (suggests) universe is expanding

• suggests single point of origin (of the universe)

3

(b)(i)(radiation produced shortly after) ‘Big Bang’

accept beginning of time / beginning of the universe for ‘Big Bang’

1

(ii)anyone from:

• can only be explained by ‘Big Bang’

•existence predicted by ‘Big Bang’

• provides (further) evidence for ‘Big Bang’

ignore proves ‘Big Bang’ (theory)

ignore reference to red-shift

1

(iii)increase

accept becomes radio waves

1

universe continues to accelerate outwards

accept as universe continues to expand

or

greater red-shift

1

[7]

M8.(a) (i) an unreliable energy source

1

(ii)a renewable energy source

1

(b) plant / grow (at least) one new tree

1

(c) greater than 4%

1

[4]

M9.(a)conduction

1

(b) (i)any one from:

•starting temperature (of cold water)

temperature is insufficient

•pipe length

accept size of pipe

•pipe diameter

•pipe (wall) thickness

•volume of cold water

accept amount for volume

•temperature of hot water (in)

•time

1

(ii)copper

1

greatest temperature change

only scores if copper chosen

accept heat for temperature

accept heated water the fastest

accept it was hottest (after 10 minutes)

accept it is the best / a good conductor

1

(c) the pipe has a larger (surface) area

accept pipe is longer

1

(so) hot / dirty water (inside pipe) is in contact with cold / clean water (outside pipe) for longer

1

[6]

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