Inside the Living Body

Study Guide

Write the FUNCTION of each item, unless other information is indicated.

Remember that this information also is in your textbook.

1.How many cells in one human body?

2.DNA-

3.Amniotic Fluid location and function-

4.Adrenal glands (location)-

5.Muscle spasm (what is it)-

6.How many breaths in one lifetime?

7.How many alveoli?

8.Alveoli -

9.How many blood vessels?

10.Meconium (what is it)-

11.Brain structure that controls body temp-

12.Brain calculations per second-

13.Brown fat -

14.Mother’s milk (2 functions)-

15.How many bacteria in and on human body?

16.Nerves inside nose detect ______and send ______to the brain.

17.Ear drum (location and function)-

18.Ossicles (location and function)-

19.Cochlea location-

delicate hairs inside (function)-

location of hairs that detect high frequency-

location of hairs that detect low frequency-

20.Effect of loud noises over time-

21.Vision at one month (describe)-

22.Lens muscles -

23.Lens image (describe)-

Where is this corrected?

24.Retina -

Rods -

Cones -

25.Brain location where visual information is processed-

26.What a human can see at 2 months old?

4 months old?

8 months old?

27.Path of reflex: receptor  ______ ______

28.Speed of reflex impulse-

29.Areas with more sensory receptors

30.How many sensory receptors on tongue?

31.Why do babies use their mouths so much?

32.Where does digestion start?

teeth-

saliva-

peristalsis-

33.How long (time) for food to pass through digestive system?

34.How long (length) is the human digestive system?

35.Stomach (made of)-

what stomach does to food-

acid-

mucus lining -

36.Pyloric sphincter -

37.Length of small intestine-

38.Villi -

39.Pancreas (Look up digestive enzymes)

40.Bile-

where made?

41.How long (time) for small intestine to absorb nutrients?

42.Ileocecal sphincter/valve-

43.What is left to enter large intestine?

44.Large intestine -

45.Bacteria in large intestine -

46.Cartilage-

47.Reasons for bones to be hard

48.Osteoblasts -

49.Gaps between skull bones -

50.Semicircular canals -

filled with-

sensory hairs -

51.Words per day that a 2 yr old learns (number)-

52.Broca’s area -

location-

53.Neurons in human brain (number)-

54.How much electricity in human brain-

55.Axons -

Connections (describe)-

Synapse -

56.How humans learn (describe)-

Repetition necessary because-

57.Ability of brain to ______fades with age.

58.Bacteria in the air caught by-

washed off by-

lysozyme (location and function)

59.How much saliva per day?

60.What a virus does once inside a cell-

61.Fever (heat) as part of immune response -

62.WBC -

63.Antibodies -

64.Vaccine

made of-

causes human body to-

65.Puberty timing depends on 3 things-

66.The ______releases ______into the brain.

67.In girls, ______occurs.

68.An egg travels down the ______to the ______.

69.The purpose of menstruation is –

70.Ovaries produce eggs and ______

71.Both boys and girls experience a ______

72.In males, testicles produce ______and ______

73.What happens to the larynx?

74.What happens to the vocal cords?

75.Growth of ______

76.______muscle mass

77.How much more heart muscle?

78.Why do we look and feel best in our 20’s?

79.What is hair made of?

80.What is a follicle?

81.How many skeletal muscles?

82.How much of adult body weight is muscle?

83.What happens to muscle fibers when we exercise?

84.What are stereocilia?

What does loud noise do?

Which are most affected?

85.How does alcohol affect blood pressure?

How does alcohol affect heart rate?

How does alcohol affect synapses in the cerebellum?

86.Olfactory nerves –

87.Pheromones –

carry info about ______and ______

88.Adrenaline –

89.Dopamine is produced by ______

90.Dopamine’s effect –

91.Oxytocin is produced by ______

92.Oxytocin’s effect –

93.Largest cell in the human body-

94.Smallest cell in the human body-

95.Location for fertilization-

96.Vagina is acidic because-

How many sperm die-

How many sperm get to the egg-

97.Placenta (function)-

98.Uterus expansion during pregnancy-

Muscles and tendons in spine during pregnancy-

Stomach during pregnancy-

99.Aging Process

first symptom-

caused by-

100.Number of new skin cells every minute-

101.Collagen -

102.Lens (of eye)-

103.Tears -

104.Three Hormones that drop during aging ______, ______, and ______

105.Lean muscle – how much lost per decade-

106.Calories burnt by human body-

107.Function of women’s hip fat-

Function of men’s belly fat-

108.How aging affects number of mitochondria-

109.Other locations fat builds up-

110.Heart responds to fat by ______

111.Heart disease(describe)-

112.Stress hormones (2)- ______and ______

effect on muscles-

arteries-

heart-

blood pressure-

113.Frequent triggering of Fight or Flight leads to ______

114.Artery walls become-

restrict-

heart-

115.Stroke (describe)-

116.Menopause (describe)

ovaries stop (2 things)

hypothalamus-

bone and muscle tissues-

117.Osteoporosis (describe)-

osteoclasts-

osteoblasts-

118.Affects women more than men because-

119.Entire skeleton has been copied ______times during a lifetime.

120.Free Radicals are produced by ______

their effect-

Inside the Living BodyStudy Guidepage 1