CHAPTER 13…ELECTRONS in ATOMS

Objectives:
  • Summarize the development of the atomic theory.
  • Explain the significance of quantized energy as they relate to the quantum mechanical model of the atom.
  • Summarize principle energy levels, sublevels, and orbitals
  • Discuss the maximum number of electrons allowed in an energy level
  • Apply the Aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule in writing the electron configurations of elements.
  • Explain why the electron configurations for some elements differ from those assigned using the Aufbau principle
  • Calculate wavelength, frequency or energy of light, given two of these.
  • Explain the origin of the atomic emission spectrum of an element.

Vocabulary:
Energy level, quantum, quantum mechanical model, atomic orbitals, electron configuration, Aufbau principle, Hund’s rule, electromagnetic radiation, amplitude, wavelength, frequency, hertz, spectrum, atomic emission spectrum, Planck’s constant, photons, photoelectric effect, ground state
Evolution of Atomic Models – John Dalton
Evolution of Atomic Models - J.J. Thompson
Evolution of Atomic Models – Ernest Rutherford
Evolution of Atomic Models – Niels Bohr
Evolution of Atomic Models – Quantum Mechanical Model
Principal Energy Levels (n)
Sublevels
Sublevels and orbitals
s-sublevel
p – sublevel
d – sublevel
f – sublevel
Atomic Orbital Chart (complete)
Energy Level (n) / # of sublevels / sublevels / Total # of electrons
# of orbitals in each sublevel
1 / 3 / 5 / 7
Electron Arrangement in Atoms
Three Rules determine electron configurations…
  1. Aufbau Principle

Aufbau Filling Diagram (also see page ______)
  1. Pauli Exclusion Principle

  1. Hund’s Rule

Orbital Notation
Practice with orbital notations ….page ______
Electron configurations
Practice with electron configurations ….page ______
Rearranging electron configurations
Noble Gas electron configurations
Exceptions to electron configurations

Back to Bohr
Wave Model of Light
Parts of a Wave
Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR)
Visible light
Wave Model of Light (Equation)
Calculating Frequency
Determine the frequency of light with a wavelength of 500 nm?
Calculating wavelength
What is the wavelength of the yellow light emitted by a sodium lamp if the frequency of the radiation is 5.10 x 1014 s-1?
Physics and the Quantum Mechanical Model
Calculating Energy
What is the energy of a photon with a frequency of 5.00 x 1015 s-1?
Photoelectric Effect
Atomic Emission Spectra

CH13 EOC Questions (p386-388)

#22, 27, 28, 33, 34, 36, 38, 45, 47, 51, 63