FDA
Mandates use of PD Test prior to using aniline derivative tints
Dry Skin
Red dermal light is used to treat
Clubbed
A term not used when referring to human hair wigs
Build Weight
In haircutting, angles below 90 degrees are used primarily to:
Stationary
This type of guideline is used when you want to create a gradual increase in weight or length
Remy hair is:
Human hair with the cuticle intact
Guanidine
What is the type of relaxer that is usually advertised as a 'No-Lye' and marketed for sensitive scalps?
Lantionization
What is the process where Sodium Hydroxide Relaxer removes one atom of sulphur from the disulphide bond?
Coat the cuticle
What is the effect of 'Certified Colors' on the hair shaft?
Capless wig
A weft will be found in a:
Turned hair
Hair with the cuticle turned in one direction is called?
Guanidine Relaxer
Which relaxer has a lower ph than most Thio relaxers?
Below 7
Neutralizers, Stabilizers and Fixatives all tend to fall where on the ph scale?
Capless wigs
Machine made wigs are:
EPA
What agency approves and regulates the efficacy of products used for disinfection
Violet toner
Client's hair has been lightened to pale yellow, client wants it neutral (no warm, no ash tones) which toner do you use?
Sanitize Hands
What should be done before each client?
Balancing
What kind of shampoo should be used on oily hair?
Protein Conditioner
What do you use to increase the diameter of the hair?
True Acid Wave
What perm would you use on extremely porous hair?
Minimal swelling
What is the benefit of using a low ph perm?
150
How many hours do you need before working on clients in a SECONDARY EDUCATION school?
250
How many hours do you need before working on clients in a PUBLIC BEAUTY school?
Grey hair
What would you use a double process color on?
Fusion
What method is best for putting hair extensions in finer hair?
Cold wave
What is another name for alkaline wave?
Disulfide
What are the side bonds that are broken when giving a perm?
Darkness
Level is the measurement used to identify:
Steatoma
What is a sebaceous cyst or fatty tumor?
Sodium Hypochlorite
What disinfectant is acceptable in a salon?
Quats
What do you disinfect salon equipment and countertops with?
Double bagged and discarded in a bio hazard container
What do you do with porous implements that come into contact with blood or other bodily fluids?
Uniform layer cut
Traveling guideline creates what kind of cut?
Have lotion on their face that contains alcohols
High frequency telsa electric current machine can not be used on clients if they:
Cream Conditioner
What should be applied to the hair if it is chemically damaged?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration: Federal agency that regulates and inspects safety and health standards in the workplace.
What does OSHA stand for and what is it?
Universal precautions
Set of guidelines and controls published by CDC that require the employer and employees to assume that all human blood and specified bodily fluids are infections for HIV, HBV and other bloodborne pathogens.
7.8-8.2 ph
What is the ph range of acid balanced waves?
Ethyl & Isopropyl; 70% or higher
What are alcohols used in salons to disinfect porous or absorbent items? What concentrations is needed to be effective?
Bleach; 1c bleach to 1 gal water
What is Sodium Hypochlorite? What is the formula used for effective disinfection?
Little odor
What is a benefit of Ammonia-free waves?
Perform patch test
section hair in four sections
apply to 1/2" subsections of hair
What are the steps for applying haircolor and lightening products
Top, Front, Sides, Crown, Nape, Back, Bang or Fringe
What are the 7 areas of the head when evaluating hair?
Stratum Germinativum
What is the deepest layer of the Epidermis?
Base color
What is the predominant tone of a color called?
Base
What is the area where a roller is placed; same length and same width as roller?
Belly
What is the middle on a muscle called
Bonding
What method of hair extensions uses glue in hair?
206
How many bones are in the body?
Corn row
What is another name for a 'visible' braid?
French
What is another name for an 'invisible' braid?
Canities
Another name for grey hair; loss of melanin pigment?
Carbuncle
Inflammation caused by staph infection
Complementary Colors
What do you call the colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel?
Contributing pigment
What do you call the undertone; natural hair color that remains in the hair when natural color is lightened?
Dermis
What is the inner layer of skin what has blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, oil glands, hair follicles, etc.?
Diagonal Line
What line of cutting will blend short and long layers and create fullness?
Disinfectants
Chemical agents that destroy ALL bacteria, fungi and viruses, but NOT spores.MUST have efficacy claim on label.
Effleurage
What is the type of massage that uses light, continuous stroking movement or manipulation?
Endothermic
Means waves activated by outside heat source
After every use
How often must equipment be cleaned?
1. Remove all visible matter and residue
2. Rinse thoroughly and pat dry
3. Completely immerse in disinfectant for 10 minutes
4. Remove implements using tongs, gloves or basket
5. Rinse and dry
6. Store in clean container
Steps for cleaning implements
Eumelanin
What lends to black and brown colors?
Diameter, feel, wave pattern, density, length, condition of scalp and hair
What do you look at when evaluating hair and scalp for braids and extensions?
Texture, Density, Porosity
What do you look at in the hair when evaluating for haircoloring?
Exothermic
What wave produces it's own heat?
Brittle Hair
What is Fragilitascrinium
Furuncle
Boil or localized bacterial infection; Staphylococci
Acid wave
What kind of wave is Glyceryl monothioglycolate?
Water attracting
What does Hydrophillic mean?
Hydroxide relaxer (no-lye)
What relaxer has a ph above 13?
Disulfide bonds
What bonds are broken by the high alkalinity of a Hydroxide relaxer?
Hypertrichosis
Abnormal hair growth
Insertion
The more movable attachment of a muscle to the skeleton
Lipophilic
Means oil-attracting
Dandruff
Natural occurring fungus on scalp
Medulla
Innermost layer of the hair
Monilethrix
Hair breaks easily between beads or nodes
liquid
Monomer
squoval, round, oval, pointed, square
nail shapes
They are all pathogenic bacteria
What do Cocci, Staphylococci, Streptococci, Diplococci and Bacilli have in common?
Origin
What is the point of the muscle attached to the skeleton that does not move?
Head lice
PediculosisCapitis
Petrissage
the kneading movement performed by lifting, squeezing and pressing tissue during a massage
Phenolic
Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants; can damage plastic and rust material
Lends to blond and red colors
Pheomelanin
Physiology
Study of the functions or activities performed by the body's structures
Pityriasiscapitis
Scalp irritation, large flakes and itchy scalp
Pityriasis
Excessive production of skin cells
Pityriasissteatoides
Greasy scalp, scaled mixture with sebum that stick to the scalp in crust (cradle cap)
powder
polymer
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QUATS)
What is safe and useful and disinfects in about 10 minutes?
Parietal ridge, occipital bone, apex, four corners
What are the reference points when evaluating hair?
4 hours of continuing education and pay fee
What is required to renew your license?
Ringed hair
What do you call alternating gray and normal hair in the same hair strand?
Sanitation
Chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level; removing dirt and debris
Scabies
Contagious disease caused by mites that burrow under the skin
Scutula
Dry, yellow crusts on scalp
Seborrheic dermatitis
On scalp accompanied by redness and inflammation
Between the base and first turn
Where is the stem of pincurls?
Between the scalp and first turn of the roller
Where is the stem of the roller set?
Sterilization
Complete elimination of all microbial life, including spores.
Subcutaneous tissue
Fatty layer below the dermis
Tapotement
Short, quick tapping, slapping and hacking movements during a massage
Thio-free waves
What waves use cysteamine or mercaptiamine
Thio Relaxer
Which relaxer has Lye and has a ph above 10?
Tinea
Ringworm
TineaCapitis
Fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules or spots at opening of hair follicles; ringworm of scalp
TineaFavosa
Characterized by having scutula
Tone
What is the hue of color; balance of color in hair coloring?
Trichoptilosis
Split ends
Trichorrhexisnodosa
Knotted brittle hair and formation of nodular swellings on hair shaft
What is the ph range of true acid waves?
4.5-7.0
Hydrophillic and Lipophillic
What are the two ends of surfactant?
Nonpathogenic and Pathogenic
Types of bacteria
Vertical lines
What cutting lines remove weight to create graduated or layered cuts and high elevation cuts?
Round, Oval, Elliptical
What are the three shapes of follicles?
1 gallon water
When mixing bleach solution it is 10% bleach to:
Mono Thioglycolate
What wave is an acid wave with a ph range of 6.9-7.2?
Acquired canities
Prematurely greying early adulthood
8.0-9.5
What is the ph of Alkaline?
Alopecia
Abnormal hair loss
Alopecia senilis
Baldness due to old age
Hydrogen and disulfide bond
What bonds are affected in the Ammonium Thioglycolate (thio) waves?
Amount of Melanin
What determines the skins color?
Anagen
What is the active growing stage of hair?
Anhidrosis
Lack of perspiration
Prevents growth of microorganisms
What does antiseptic do?
Asteatosis
Dry scaly skin
Bacteriology
Study of bacteria
Blood borne pathogens
Disease causing bacteria or viruses that are carried thru blood or bodily fluids
Catagen stage
What is the transitional stage of hair growth?
Concave
What face type curves inward with prominent forehead and chin?
Convex
What face type curves outward with prominent nose?
Cortex
2nd layer of the hair shaft
Dermatitis
Inflammatory disorder of the skin
Eczema
Dry moist lesions with inflammation on skin; itchy
Efficacy
Effectiveness
Ethmoid
Bone between the eyes
14
How many bones are in the facial skeleton?
Hyperhidrosis
Over productions of perspiration
Leukoderma
Lack of pigmentation
Macules
Discoloration on skins surface
Melanocytes
Cells that product melanosomes or pigment granules containing melanin that give color to the skin
Melanoderm
Hyperpigmentation
Milia
Whitheads
Nevus
Birthmark
Onychology
Study of the structure and growth of nails
Onychophagy
Bitten nails
Onyx
Nail
Papules
Hardened red elevations on the skin
Sphenoid
Bone behind eyes and nose; connects all bones of cranium
StatumGerminativum
Lowest level of the epidermis
Stratum Lucidum
Palm of hands, sole of feel; no hair follicles
Sudoriferous glands
Sweat glands
Trichology
Study of hair
Beaus nails
Nail - Depressions running across width of nail plate. Results from major illness or injury
Discolored nails
Nail - Caused by surface stains, systemic disorders, poor blood circulation
Hangnail
Nail - Living skin around nail plate splits and tears; Agnail
Leukonychia
Nail - White spots caused by minor injury to the matrix.
Melanonychia
Nail - Darkening of fingernails or toenails. Due to increased pigment cells in the matrix
Nail psoriasis
Nail - Surface pitting, roughness, bed discoloration
Pterygium
Skin stretched by the nail plate, caused by serious injury
Onychia
Inflammation of the matrix; shedding of the nail plate
Onychocryptosis
Ingrown nails
Onycholysis
Lifting of the nail plate without shedding
Onychomadesis
Lifting and falling off of the nail plate from the nail bed.
Onychomycosis
Fungal infection of the natural nail plate; ringworm
Onychorrhexis
Split or brittle nails; lengthwise ridges.
Onychosis
ANY deformity or disease of the natural nail plate
Paronychia
Nail - Bacterial infection causing pus and swelling, usually in skin fold.
Pincer nail
'Trumpet nail' pinches the sidewalls into a deep curve.
Plicatured nails
Folded nail; due to injury of the matrix or hereditary.
Pyogenic Granuloma
Red tissue lumps grow up form nail bed to nail plate
Bed Epithelium
Thin layer of skin cells between the nail plate & bed
Eponychium
Living skin at the base of the nail plate that partially overlaps the lunula
Hyponychium
Skin between the free edge and the fingertip
Koilonychia
Nails with concave depressions (nail edges turned up) caus
Mantle
Pocket-like fold of skin that holds the nail root & matrix
Matrix
Part of the nail bed below the nail root that helps produce the nail.
Nail bed
Portion of skin that the nail plate rests on containing blood vessels that create the pink color of the nail plate and supply nourishment to the nail.
Nail plate
Translucent part of the nail extending from the nail root to the free edge (nail body).
Nail Psoriasis
Nails that appear pitted or have roughness on the surface
Nail Pterygium
Forward growth of living skin that adheres to the surface of the nail plate
Nail Root
Portion of the nail plate that is hidden under a fold of skin (mantle) at the base of the nail plate
Onychatrophia
Slow deterioration and falling off of the nail
Onychauxis
Abnormal thickening in width of the nail plate
Onychogryposis
Increased curve & thickness of the nail (most common on the big toe).
Onychoptosis
Nail detaches and falls off in whole or part.
Peronychium
Excessive skin overlapping the sides of the nail plate
Plicatured Nail
Nail plate edges that fold down into the nail walls at a 90 degree angle.
Pyogenic granuloma
Severe nail inflammation; small red mass projecting from the nail bed to the nail plate
Verruca
Small hard flesh-colored or red lump (wart) under or beside the nail.
1931
When was the preheat-perm method introduced?
2006
What year were Brazilian straightening treatments introduced to the US?
Abductors
Muscles that draw a body part such a finger or arm or toe away from the body or extremity.
Adipose Tissue
Technical term for fat
Anabolism
Constructive metabolism, the process of building up larger molecules form smaller ones.
Arnold F. Willatt
Who invented the cold wave?
Arrector Pili Muscles
Small involuntary muscles in the base of the hair follicle that cause goose bumps.
Arteries
Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
Atrium
Upper thin walled chamber of the heart that blood is pumped thru to the ventricles
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles (heart, breathing, etc.)
Bacilli
Rod shaped bacteria (tetnus)
Bacteria
One celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics.
Binary Fission
Division of bacteria cells into two new cells called daughter cells
Carpus
Wrist; 8 small irregular bones held together by ligaments
Catabolism
Phase of metabolism that breaks down complex compounds within a cell into smaller ones.
Cell membrane
Cell part that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell
Cells
Basic unit of all living things
Central nervous system
Consists of brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves and cranial nerves
Centrioles
Structures in a cell near the nucleus that move to each side during the mitosis process to help divide the cell.
Charles Nessler
Who invented the heavily wired machine that supplied electrical current to metal rods?
Charles Revson
Who marketed the first nail polish?
Cocci
Round shaped bacteria; appears singly or in groups
Collagen
Fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength
Comedo
Blackhead; hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum
Dendrites
Tree-like branching of nerve fibers extending from the nerve cell; carries impulses toward the cell and receives impulses from other neurons
Dermal Papillae
Small cone shaped elevations at the base of the hair follicles.
Diagnosis
What is the determination of the nature of a disease from it's symptoms?
Diaphragm
Muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region; helps control breathing
Digestive Enzymes
Chemicals that change certain types of food into a soluble form that can be used by the body
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs; cause pneumonia
Elastin
Protein base that forms elastic tissue
Endocrine Gland
Ductless gland; release hormonal secretions directly into the blood stream; thyroid, pituitary
Endocrine System
Group of specialized glands that affect the growth, development, sexual function and health of the entire body.
Ergonomics
The science of designing the workplace well, as it's equipment and tools make specific body movements more comfortable, efficient and safe.
Excretory System
Body system that consists of organs responsible for purifying body and producing waste; kidneys, liver, skin, etc.
Exocrine Glands
Duct Glands; produce a substance that travels through small tube-like ducts