Chapter 6 - Economic Geography
Industrialization
1. What technological and economic changes characterize the Industrial Revolution? When and where did these changes occur?
2. What is Fordism and what impact did it have on industrialization?
3. What social changes are associated with the Industrial Revolution?
4. How has the geography of industrial production shifted radically in recent years? Why?
5. How have the most highly developed countries in the world changed since the 1970s?
6. What are the benefits of this shift to more high-tech and service industry jobs?
7. What are the drawbacks to this shift?
8. What is deindustrialization and what areas in the world have been most affected by it?
9. Why is the Great Lakes region of the United States referred to as the “Rust Belt”?
10. What is the relationship between “brick-and-mortar businesses” and E-commerce?
11. Why did on-line grocery stores become a failed business model?
12. What advantages do transnational corporations have in today’s global economy?
13. How is Nike a classic example of a transnational corporation?
14. What are conglomerate corporations and what are some examples?
15. What have economically developing countries done to attract foreign investment by transnational corporations?
16. How has Mexico’s system of maquiladoras benefited Mexico and the US?
17. What strategy have countries like Panama, Switzerland, Singapore, the Bahamas, and Kuwait used to initiate economic growth for themselves?
Models of Development and Measures of Productivity
18. Define and give examples of the 5 types of economic activities:
a. ______
b. ______
c. ______
d. ______
e. ______
19. What generalizations can be made about a country’s level of economic development and the 5 types of economic activities?
20. Briefly describe the 5 stages in Rostow’s Stages of Development Model?
1. Traditional Society ______
2. Preconditions for Takeoff ______
3. Take-off ______
4. Drive to Maturity ______
5. Maturity ______
21. In which of Rostow’s stages of development are there large investments in infrastructure like building roads and canals?
22. In what way is Rostow’s Model useful?
23. For what reasons has Rostow’s Model been criticized?
a. ______
b. ______
c. ______
24. What are the various economic measures of development used by economists and what is the difficulty with using such measures?
25. How is the Human Development Index different from the traditional methods of measuring economic development?
26. What are some examples of how gender equity contradicts the economic measures of development?
Global Economic Patterns
27. According to the Core-Periphery Model, what are the three different classifications of global economic development?
28. Describe and give examples of countries classified as the economic Core?
29. Describe and give examples of countries classified as the economic Semi-periphery?
30. Describe and give examples of countries classified as the economic Periphery?
31. What problems are faced by countries on the economic periphery?
32. What is a “world city”, and what are some examples?
33. What is the difference between the “slow world” and the “fast world”?
34. What people live in some of the worst conditions on earth?
35. According to Immanuel Wallerstein’s World-System Theory, when and how did the core-periphery model begin to emerge?
Location Principles
36. All industries locate their production facilities based on what 6 geographic factors?
a. ______
b. ______
c. ______
d. ______
e. ______
f. ______
37. What industrial location theory did economist Alfred Weber develop, and what 3 factors did he say firms attempt to minimize?
38. According to Weber, when should a firm production facility be material oriented? Give example.
39. According to Weber, when should a firm production facility be market oriented? Give example.
40. What are companies called that are exceptions to Weber’s model because it doesn’t matter if they are material or market oriented? Give example.
41. How can agglomeration benefit companies in their locational decision making process?
42. What are some US and international examples of agglomeration industries?
43. What is deglomeration and why does it happen?