Name: ______AMERICA IN THE MODERN AGE
WORLD WAR II, THE COLD WAR, THE KOREAN WAR
w SSUSH 19 The student will identify the origins, major developments, and the domestic impact of World War II, especially the growth of the federal government.
w b. Explain the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the internment of Japanese- Americans, German-Americans, and Italian-Americans.
w c. Explain major events; include the lend-lease program, the Battle of Midway, D-Day, and the fall of Berlin.
w d. Describe war mobilization, as indicated by rationing, war-time conversion, and the role of women in war industries
w e. Describe Los Alamos and the scientific, economic, and military implications of developing the atomic bomb.
SSUSH 20 : The student will analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War
on the United States.
a. Describe the creation of the Marshall Plan, U.S. commitment to Europe, the Truman Doctrine, and the origins and implications of the containment policy.
b. b. Explain the impact of the new communist regime in China, the outbreak of the Korean War, and how these events contributed to the rise of Senator Joseph McCarthy.
Essential Questions:
1. How did the United States’ national crisis’ in the 1930’s and WWII lead to changes in the political, social, economic and cultural identity of the USA?
2. What impact did the Cold war have on the USA?
Vocabulary:
w Lend-Lease Actw Allies
w Winston Churchill
w Stalingrad
w The Italian campaign
w D-Day
w Douglas Macarthur
w Midway
w Battle of the Coral Sea
w Wagner Act / w National Labor Relations Act
w Manhattan Project
w Harry Truman
w Eleanor Roosevelt
w Hiroshima
w Nagasaki
w Dwight Eisenhower
w Hitler
w Nazi / w Huey Long
w Court Packing Bill
w Neutrality Act
w President Roosevelt
w A. Philip Randolph
w War Production Board
w Rosie the Riveter
w Old age insurance
w Kamikaze
I. WORLD WAR II- RISE OF DICTATORS
A. Three (3) events that led to their rise
n Great ______in Europe ______.
n Who had anger over the Treaty of Versailles? ______
n Strong sense of nationalism
l Desire that all peoples with ______should be ______in one country.
Dictator/Leader / BENITO MUSSOLINI / ADOLF HITLER / HIROHITO / JOSEPH STALIN / WINSTON CHURCHILL / FRANKLINROOSEVELT
Facts / Leads the Fascist Party of Italy to power in 1922 / President of America
Outlaws all political parties except Fascists.
Takes control of press, schools, religion.
Invades Ethiopia with no interference by the League of Nations.
Allies with Germany and Hitler. One of the Axis powers in WWII
B. THE BEGINING OF THE WAR
w 1935: Germany ______
w 1936: Germany ______
w 1937: ______form the ______Powers.
w 1938: Germany seizes ______and ______
w 1939: Germany invades ______
C. EUROPEAN RESPONSE
w Britain and France adopt ______policy at______Conference to let Hitler have what he has taken.
w America adopts ______
w Soviet Union signs Nazi-Soviet Pact to agree ______
w September 1, ______: ______
September 3, 1939: ______declare war on Germany.
D. THE WORLD AT WAR
w Hitler uses ______ “lightning war” against Europe.
w Spring, 1940: Germany invades Denmark, Belgium, and France.
w June, 1940- ______falls to the Nazis.
n Hitler presides over the surrender in the same railroad car as the 1918 Armistice.
E. Neutrality Acts: 1935, 1936, 1937
When the President proclaimed the existence of a foreign war, certain restrictions would automatically go into effect:
This ______the options of the President in a crisis.
America in the 1930s declined to build up its forces because it was ______
F. 1939 Neutrality Act- In response to Germany’s invasion of ______
FDR persuades Congress in special session to allow the US to ______European democracies in a limited way:
Hoe could the US sell weapons to the European democracies ? ______
Results of the 1939 Neutrality Act:
1. Aggressors could not send ships to buy US munitions.
2. The US economy ______as European demands for war goods helped bring the country out of the ______
3. America becomes the “______.”
G. LEND-LEASE
w 1941 proposal to ______- by ______
n British running short on ______.
w United States greatly ______its production of military equipment so that it could be l______to the British and the Allies.
w $7 billion dollars used to build airplanes, ships, and tanks.
H. AMERICA ENTERS THE WAR
w July, 1941- America freezes ______for aggression in the Pacific.
n November, 1941- negotiations between the U.S and Japan ______
w Sunday, December ______
n 19 ships and 150 planes destroyed.
I. AMERICA ENTERS THE WAR
w December 8, 1941: President Roosevelt ______asks Congress to declare war on ______
w December 11: ______declare war on America.
J. War Mobilization
w How does America get ready for war?
w What’s it like on the home front?
w How do the people left at home help win WWII?
1) ______
2) ______
3) ______
4) ______
5) ______
6) ______
7) ______
8) ______
K. WARTIME ALLIANCES
Allies / AxisL. BATTLES IN THE PACIFIC
1. Battle of Midway: June 4-7, 1942- America sinks 4 Japanese aircraft carriers.
______of the war for America in the ______
2. European Theater
1942-1945
3. INVASION OF ITALY
w July, 1943- Island of ______nvaded.
w ______flees Italy for Germany.
n Caught by his own people and ______
w Italian army surrenders, but German army continues to fight.
w June, 1944- Allies march into Rome.
4. BATTLE FOR RUSSIA
w July, 1942- Battle of ______
n Russians destroy their own cities so Germans would have ______
w July, 1943- Battle of ______
n Germans forced to ______
5. D-DAY
w Operation ______- invasion of ______via ______Channel.
w Gen. ______leads
w June 6, 1944- Beaches of ______are invaded by 3 million Allied troops.
w Aug. 25, 1944- Paris ______
6. EAST MEETS WEST
w April 26, 1945- Russian and American troops meet at the Elbe River.
M. WAR IN THE PACIFIC
w Japan severely weakened by U.S. forces.
w ______Campaign- Feb.- March, 1945- America captures Japanese controlled islands
n Philippines, Iwo Jima
w ______- Japanese suicide runs w/ planes.
Iwo Jima-More US Marines earned the ______on Iwo Jima than in any other battle in US History.
General MacArthur and the Philippines “______”
N. YALTA CONFERENCE
w Meeting of the “Big Three” in Feb., 1945.
w Agreements made:
w Germany ______into ______
n Germany would ______for war and lose military.
n Created ______
n Stalin demands ______to be ______
n Soviet Union agrees to enter the war against ______after the defeat of Germany.
O. DEATH OF HITLER
w July, 1944- Assassination attempt by German generals. Hitler survives.
w Soviet forces invade Berlin.
w Hitler marries long-time girlfriend, Anna Braun
w April 30, 1945- they commit suicide in bunker ______
w Bodies ______by German soldiers.
P. DEATH OF ROOSEVELT
w Election of 1944
n Roosevelt defeats Thomas Dewey for a 4th term.
w 63 years old, very sick with influenza, high blood pressure, and congestive heart failure.
w April 12, 1945- suffers a ______
w April 15, 1945- State Funeral
Q. HARRY S. TRUMAN
w Becomes President on death of Roosevelt.
w “out of the loop” on war-time planning.
w Orders drop of ______Bomb to “______”
R. THE END OF THE WAR
w June, 1944- ______
w May 8, 1945- Germany surrenders (______)
w ______Project at ______
w August 6, 1945- Atomic Bomb dropped on:
n ______(70,000 killed)
n ______(40,000 killed)
S. THE END OF THE WAR
w August 14, ______- Japan surrenders (______)
II. THE COLD WAR- a war fought with words, threats, espionage but not weapons of mass destruction
1. “The ______”
w ______Union controls nations of ______Europe, each with a pro-Moscow ______government.
n 1946-1947- Poland, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria
n 1948- Czechoslovakia
w Churchill calls this the, “______.”
w Germany ______into ______Germany (______-Soviet) and ______Germany (______).
2. UNITED NATIONS
w Created in ______
w Member nations agreed to bring all disputes to
w Any nation can belong.
w 5 Permanent members
n United ______
n Great Britain
n Soviet ______
n China
n France
3. TRUMAN DOCTRINE
w 1947- Soviet Union threatens ______
w United States would send $400 ______to Greece and Turkey to help ______the Communists.
w “It must be the policy of the United States to ______who are resisting outside pressures.”
4. MARSHALL PLAN
w Plan by Secretary of State George Marshall to ______Europe.
w Believed that by helping these people, it would ______
w Between 1948-1952, the United States would give $12 billion ______to Western Europe.
w Aid offered to ______Europe, but turned down.
5. BERLIN BLOCKADE
w Berlin, capital of Germany divided into ______
n United States, Great Britain, France, Soviet Union.
w Stalin cuts off all ______traffic in June, 1948.
6. BERLIN AIRLIFT
• Ordered by ______in June, 1948.
• Daily ______into Berlin.
• Planes land every 4 minutes at the airport.
• Ends in May, ______because ______
•
7. OPPOSING ALLIANCES:
NATO / Warsaw Pact8. ELECTION OF 1948
w Truman travels the country by train- “______” campaign.
w Dewey leads in the polls the entire campaign.
n First use of ______
w “Dewey ______Truman” headline
w Truman ______
9. The “War” on Communism
w Truman takes it upon himself to ______from ______around the world.
w Called the ______
w Many 3rd world nations are ______to the ideals of communism.
w McCarthyism and the Red Scare. What is the red scare? ______
w Who was McCarthy and what did he do? ______
Review:
w China becomes communist under ______in ______.
w Russia became communist in ______under ______and then ______
III. The Korean War
1950-1953
1. Korean Peninsula
w Korean peninsula divided into north and south at ______after WWII.
w People’s Republic of Korea (______) led by Kim Il Sung.
w Republic of Korea (______) led by Syngman Rhee.
2. KOREAN WAR
w June 25, 1950- Invasion of ______by communist North.
w U.N. forces led by Gen. ______push into the North.
w ______help communist North to push back south of the 38th.
3. Gen. MacArthur ______
w Douglas MacArthur ______Truman for the handling of the war.
n Wants to ______
w April, 1951- MacArthur is recalled and ______
n Replaced by Mathew Ridgeway.
4. End of the War
w War ends in July 27, ______.
w Armistice signed with the ______
5. Election of 1952
w Republicans
n Dwight D. Eisenhower- former ______
n “I like ______.”
n Eisenhower ______in a landslide.