The International Research Foundation
for English Language Education
LEADERSHIP: SELECTED REFERENCES
(last updated 19 September 2014)
Ackerman, R., & Mackenzie, S. V. (2006). Uncovering teacher leadership. Educational Leadership, 63(8), 66-70.
Adair, J. (1985). Effective leadership. Aldershot, UK: Gower Press.
Algren, M., Dwyer, E., Eggington, W., & Witt, B. (2008). So, you’ve agreed to chair a conference!. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 102-113). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Anderson, N. J. (2008). The four scopes of effective leadership development. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 17-26). Ann Arbor. MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Anderson, N. J. (2009). Leading from behind. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 110-122). New York, NY: Routledge.
Anderson, N.J. (2014). Learning the principle of balance in life and leadership development. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 94-104). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Arnow, B., & Webbert, V. V. (2008). Leadership responding to linguistic and cultural diversity: A systematic approach. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 214-225). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Atwater, L. E., & Wright, W. J. (1996). Power and transformational and transactional leadership in public and private organizations. [Electronic version]. International Journal of Public Administration, 19(6), 963-990. Retrieved June 17, 1999, from
Bailey, K. M. (2008). Passing on the light: Encouragement as a leadership skill. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 29-37). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Bailey, K. M., Thibault, J., & Nunan, D. (2009). How the experience of leadership changes leaders. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in
English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 238-254). New York, NY: Routledge.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York, NY: Free Press.
Bass, B. M. (1996). A new paradigm of leadership: An inquiry into transformational leadership. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences.
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Beachum, F., & Dentith, A. M. (2004). Teacher leaders creating cultures of school renewal and transformation. The Educational Forum, 68, 276-286.
Beazley, H., Beggs, J., & Spears, L. C. (2003). The servant-leader within: A transformative path. New York, NY: Paulist Press.
Bencivenga, D. (1995). Learning organizations evolve. New Directions, HR Magazine, 40(10), 69-73.
Bennis, W. (2003). On becoming a leader. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Bennis, W., & Nanus, B. (1997). Leaders: The strategies for taking charge (2nd ed.). New York, NY: HarperBusiness.
Blanchard, K. H., & Hersey, P. (1996). Great ideas revisited. Training and Development, 5(1), 42-47.
Blase, J., & Anderson, G. L. (1995). The micropolitics of educational leadership: From control to empowerment. New York, NY: Cassell.
Blase, J., & Blase, J. (1999). Principals’ instructional leadership and teacher development: Teachers’ perspectives. Educational Administration Quarterly, 35(3), 349-380.
Boyatzis, R. E., Smith, M. L., & Baize, N. (2006). Developing sustainable leaders through coaching and compassion. Academy of Management & Learning, 5(1), 8-24.
Brady, B. (2008). Development, a.k.a. Fundraising: A neglected element of professional development. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson
(Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 154-166). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Brown, K. M. (2004) Leadership for social justice & equity: Weaving a transformative framework and pedagogy. Educational Administration Quarterly, 40(1), 77-108.
Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
Carkin, S. (1997). Language program leadership as intercultural management. In M. A. Christison, & F. L. Stoller (Eds.), A handbook for language program administrators (pp. 49-60). Burlingame, CA: AltaBookCenter.
Carnuccio, L. M., Huffman, C. L., O’Loughlin, J., & Rosenthal, R. (2008). Leadership in addressing linguistic and cultural diversity in low-incidence public school settings. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 203-213). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Cashman, K. (1999). Leadership from the inside out: Becoming a leader for life. Provo, UT: Executive Excellence.
Christison, M. A., & Lindahl, K. (2009). Leadership in public school environments. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 50-72). New York, NY: Routledge.
Christison, M. A., & Murray, D. (2008). Strategic planning for English language teachers and leaders. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 128-140). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Christison, M. A., & Murray, D. E. (2009). A model for leadership in English language teaching: An introduction to leadership IQ. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 27-49). New York, NY: Routledge.
Christison, M. A., & Murray, D. E. (2009). Building effective teams. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 200-218). New York, NY: Routledge.
Christison, M. A., & Murray, D. E. (2009). Developing leadership IQ in ELT. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 221-237). New York, NY: Routledge.
Clarke, M. A., & Edge, J. (2009). Building a communicative toolkit for leadership. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 187-199). New York, NY: Routledge.
Clark, B. D., & Matze, M. G. (1999). A core of global leadership: Relational competence. In W. H. Mobley (Ed.), Advances in global leadership (Vol. 1, pp. 127-161). Stamford, CT: JAI Press.
Cohen, E. (2007). Leadership without borders: Successful strategies from world-class leaders. Hoboken, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Connor, D. R. (1988). Leading at the edge of chaos: How to create the nimble organization. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coombe, C., England, L., & Schmidt, J. (2008). Public speaking andpresentation skills for ELT educators. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 50-62). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Coombe, C. (2014). Developing a personal and professional strategic plan. Perspectives on leadership, mentoring and coaching. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 45-56). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Covey, S. R. (1990). Principle-based leadership. Provo, UT: IPCL.
Covey, S. R. (1992). Principle-centered leadership. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
Currie, R.,Gilroy, B. (2008). Taking the lead: Recruiting for success. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 167-177). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Curtis, A. (2008). The seven principles of professional development: From A to G. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 117-127). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Curtis, A. (2009). On the edge: Leading from the periphery. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 98-109). New York. NY: Routledge.
Curtis, A. (2014). Mentoring student leaders: A case study from Hong Kong. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on student leadership development (pp. 179-194). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Dada, R. (2011). Teacher leadership in the Arab Gulf: Expatriates and Arab educators mentor each other. In C. Gitsaki (Ed.), Teaching and learning in the Arab world (pp. 203-228). New York, NY: Peter Lang.
Darling-Hammond, L. (2003). Keeping good teachers: Why it matters, what leaders can do. Educational Leadership, 60(8), 6-13.
Den Hartog, D., House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., & Ruiz-Quintanilla, S. A. (1999). Culture specific and cross-culturally generalizable implicit leadership theories: Are attributes of charismatic/transformational leadership universally endorsed? Leadership Quarterly, 10(2), 219-256.
Deering, A., Dilts, R., & Russell, J. (2003). Leadership cults and culture. Leader to leader, 28(2), 31-38.
Dickson, M. W., Den Hartog, D. N., & Mitchelson, J. K. (2003). Research on leadership in a cross-cultural context: Making progress, and raising new questions. The leadership quarterly, 14(6), 729-768.
Dinkmeyer, D., & Eckstein, D. (1996). Leadership by encouragement. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Dorfman, P. W., Howell, J. P., Hibino, S., Lee, J. K., Tate, U., & Bautista, A. (1997). Leadership in Western and Asian countries: Commonalities and differences in effective leadership processes across cultures. Leadership Quarterly, 8(3), 233-274.
DuBrin, A. (1998). Leadership: Research findings, practice, and skills. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
Elmore, R. F. (2000). Building a new structure for school leadership. New York, NY: Albert Shanker Institute.
Fink, E., & Resnick, L. B. (2001). Developing principals as instructional leaders. Phi Delta Kappan, 82(8), 598-626.
Fullan, M. (2001). Leading in a culture of change. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Fullan, M. (2004). Leading schools in a culture of change.San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Garic, D. (2002). Leading from the front: Answers for the challenges leaders face. London, UK: Trafford.
Gatting, M., & Patmore, A. (1998). Leading from the front. London, UK: Macdonald.
Graen, G. B., & Hui, C. (1999). Transcultural global leadership in the twenty-first century: Challenges and implications for development. In W. H. Mobley (Ed.), Advances in global leadership (Vol. 1, pp. 9-26). Stamford, CT: JAI Press.
Greenleaf, R. (1977). Servant leadership: A journey into the nature of legitimate power and greatness. New York, NY: Paulist Press.
Hargreaves, A., & Fink, D. (2004). The seven principles of sustainable leadership. Educational Leadership, 61(7), 8-13.
Harris, A. (2005). Leading or misleading? Distributed leadership and school improvement. Retrieved September 7, 2006, from
Helgstrand, K. K., & Stuhlmacher, A. F. (1999). National culture: an influence on leader evaluations?. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 7(2), 153-168.
Heller, R. (1999). Learning to lead. New York, NY: DK Publishing.
Hooijberg, R. (1996). A multidirectional approach toward leadership: An extension of the concept of behavioral complexity. Human Relations, 49(7), 918-948.
Hoppe, M. H. (2004). Cross-cultural issues in the development of leaders. In C. D. McCauley, & E. Van Velsor (Eds.), Handbook of leadership development (2nd ed.) (pp. 331-360). San Francisco,CA: Jossey-Bass.
House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (Eds.). (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications.
Hyman, L. (2014). The leader as a strategist: Teaching the skill set for building futures. Developing Leadership Skills. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 120-133). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Jung, D. I., & Avolio, B. J. (1999). Effects of leadership style and followers’ cultural orientation on performance in group and individual task conditions. Academy of Management Journal, 42(2), 208-218.
Kamhi-Stein, L. D., & de Oliveira, L. C. (2008). Mentoring as a pathway to leadership: A focus on nonnative English-speaking professionals. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 38-49). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Keyes, M. W., Hanley-Maxwell, C., & Capper, C. A. (1999). "Spirituality? It's the core of my leadership": Empowering leadership in an inclusive elementary school. Educational Administration Quarterly, 35(2), 203-237.
Khunert, R., & Lewis, G. (1987). Transactional leadership and transformational leadership: A constructive/developmental analysis. Academy of Management Review, 12(4), 648-657.
King, M., Smith, L., & Umar, F. (2014). Developing leadership skills through participation in insider action research. Developing Leadership Skills. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 134-146). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Kotter, J. P. (1990). A force for change: How leadership differs from management. New York, NY: Free Press.
Kotter, J. P. (1995, March-April). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 73(2), 59-67.
Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (1995). The leadership challenge. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Lantz-Wagner, S., & Schneiderman, M. (2014). Student-driven innovation and initiative in language teacher development.Perspectives on Leadership, Mentoring and Coaching. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 34-44). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Leithwood, K., Jantzi, D., & Steinbach, R. (1999). Changing leadership for changing times. Philadelphia, PA: Open University Press.
Lieberman, A., & Miller, L. (2004). Teacher leadership. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Lieberman, A., & Miller, L. (2005). Teachers as leaders. The Educational Forum, 69, 151-162.
Lieberman, A., & Miller, L. (2005, June). Teachers as leaders. In The Educational Forum (Vol. 69, No. 2, pp. 151-162). Abingdon, UK: Taylor & Francis Group.
Marzano, R. J., Waters, T., & McNulty, B. A. (2006). School leadership that works. Alexandria, VA: ASCD and Aurora, CO: McREL.
Mayrowetz, D. (2008). Making sense of distributed leadership: Exploring the multiple usages of the concept in the field. Educational Administration Quarterly, 44(3), 424-435.
McCauley, C. D., & Van Velsor, E. (2004). Handbook of leadership development (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
McCloskey, M. L. (2008). Behind door #3: Effective meetings for the ELT profession. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 63-75). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
McCorkel, R., & England, L. (2014). Two perspectives on leadership: Graduate student and teacher.Perspectives on Leadership, Mentoring and Coaching. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 26-33). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
McNaught, C. (2009). Ensuring quality programs. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 156-171). New York, NY: Routledge.
McNaught, C. (2009). Managing performance. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 172-186). New York, NY: Routledge.
Morrison, K. E. (1994). Leadership skills. Tucson, AZ: Fisher Books.
Murphey, T., & Inoue, K. (2014). Scaffolding student leadership and activism in education. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 195-205). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Murphy, E. C. (1996). Leadership IQ. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Murphy, E. C. (1996). Leadership IQ: A personal development process based on a scientific study of a new generation of leaders. Hoboken, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Murphy, T., & Brogan, J. (2008). The active professional’s balancing act: Time and self-management. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 79-89). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Murray, D. E. (2009). The ecology of leadership in English language education. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 13-26). New York, NY: Routledge.
Murray, D. E., & Christison, M. A. (2009). Organizational structure. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 125-135). New York, NY: Routledge.
Murray, D. E., & Christison, M. A. (2009). Planning strategically. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 136-155). New York, NY: Routledge.
Murray, D. E., & Christison, M. A. (2009). The role of emotional intelligence in ELT leadership. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 85-97). New York, NY: Routledge.
Nair, K. (1994). A higher standard of leadership: Lessons from the life of Gandhi. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koekler Publishers.
Nielsen, J. S. (2004). The myth of leadership: Creating leaderless organizations. Mountain View, CA: Davies-Black.
Padernal, J. (2009). Developing servant-leadership skills through cooperative development. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 255-263). New York, NY: Routledge.
Pahl, C., & Bailey, K.M. (2014). Time management for graduate students: An emerging leadership skill. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 105-119). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Panferov, S. (2008). Promoting intensive ESL programs: Taking charge of a market. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 178-185). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Parry, K. (1996). Transformational leadership: Developing an enterprising management culture. Melbourne, AU: Ptiman Publishing.
Perkins, D. N., with Holtman, M. P., Kessler, P. R., & McCarthy, C. (2000). Leading at the edge: Leadership lessons from the extraordinary saga of Shackleton’s Antarctic Expedition (2000). New York, NY: American Management Association.
Persello, G. (2014). PALs peer assistance leaders: Pathway to success. Case Studies in Student Leadership Development. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 206-215). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Quirke, P., & Allison, S. (2008). DREAM management: Involving and motivating teachers. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 186-199). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Quirke, P., & Humeidan, M. (2014). DREAM management: Empowering students through leadership training.Perspectives on Leadership, Mentoring and Coaching. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 3-12). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Reid, D.J. (2014). Dilemmas in educational leadership: The facilitator’s book of cases. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
Renton, A. (2014). Coaching the leaders of tomorrow.Perspectives on Leadership, Mentoring and Coaching. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 13-25). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Sabieth, C. (2014). Building reflective leaders to manage effective learning communities: A seven-step how-to plan in a critical thinking course. Case Studies in Student Leadership Development. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 216-228). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Scherer, M. (2004). Perspectives: What do leaders do? Educational Leadership, 61(7), 7.
Sheetz, D., & Dulthummon, H. (2014). A brief guide to effective student leadership in volunteer organizations. Developing Leadership Skills. In C. Coombe, B. Wiens, P. Davidson, & K. Cedro (Eds.), Perspectives on Student Leadership Development (pp. 158-165). Dubai, UAE: TESOL Arabia.
Siskin, C. B., & Reynolds, E. (2008). Technologies for leaders in ELT. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 141-153). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Smith, W. F., & Andrews, R. L. (1989). Instructional leadership: How principals make a difference. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Sosik, J. J., & Dionne, S. D. (1997). Leadership styles and Deming’s behavior factors. Journal of Business and Psychology, 11(4), 447-462.
Spillane, J. P., Halverson, R., & Diamond, J. B. (2001) Investigating school leadership practice: A distributed perspective. Educational Researcher, 30(3), 23-28.
Stephenson, L. (2008). Leadership theories, education change, and developing a learning organization: An English language teaching (ELT) perspective. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 7-16). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Stephenson, L., & Harold, B. (2011). Emergent leadership development through undergraduate research in UAE classrooms. In C. Gitsaki (Ed.), Teaching and learning in the Arab world (pp. 93-117). New York, NY: Peter Lang.
Stoller, F. L., (2009). Innovation as the hallmark of effective leadership. In M. A. Christison & D. E. Murray (Eds.), Leadership in English language education: Theoretical foundations and practical skills for changing times (pp. 73-84). New York, NY: Routledge.
Taylor, S. V., Sobel, D. M., & Al-Hamly, M. (2008). The tenure journey: Shining the spotlight on structures and strategies for success. In C. Coombe, M. L. McCloskey, L. Stephenson, & N. J. Anderson (Eds.), Leadership in English language teaching and learning (pp. 90-101). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
Theoharis, G. (2007). Social justice educational leaders and resistance: Toward a theory of social justice leadership. Educational Administration Quarterly, 43(2), 221-258.
Van Veslor, E., & McCauley, C. D. (2004). Our view of leadership development. In D. C. McCauley & E. Van Veslor (Eds.), Handbook of leadership development (2nd ed.) (pp. 1-22). San Fransisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Wagner, T., Kegan, R., Lahey, L. L., Lemons, R. W., Garnier, J., Helsing, D., Howell, A., & Rasmussen, H. T. (2006). Change leadership: A practical guide to transforming our schools. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Waldman, M. (1993). A theoretical consideration of leadership and TQM. Leadership Quarterly, 4(1), 65-79.
Wheatley, M. J. (1999). Leadership and the new science: Discovering order in a chaotic world. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.
Wofford, J. C., Whittington, J. L., & Goodwin, V. L. (2001). Follower motive patterns as situational moderators for transformational leadership effectiveness. [Electronic version]. Journal of Managerial Issues, 13(20), 196-211.