BOT 105 Name: ______Key______

 Plant Biology 

Summer Term 2002

Exam 3

  1. Label Gametophyte and Sporophyte portions of the following diagrams.

A __Sporophyte______

B __Gametophyte______

C __Gametophyte_______

D __Sporophyte________

E ___Gametophyte_________

F ___Sporophyte__________

  1. Name 2 developments that led to the success of non-algae plants on land.

Stomata, Root / shoot systems, true leaves, seeds, Vascular tissue, seed dormancy, spores with sporopollenin, lignin, tissue specialization, ability to dry out

Extra Credit: Name 2 reasons why it is believed that land plants arose from green algae.

Similar reproductive pattern, pigments, cell walls, cell division.

  1. Name the Genera of Seedless Vascular plants which bears its leaves in a whorl, has a hollow stem, is homosporangiate, topped with a terminal strobilus with sporangiophores, and whose body is impregnated with silica.
  2. Psilotum (Whisk Fern)
  3. Lycopodium (Club Moss)
  4. Isoetes (Quillwort)
  5. Selaginella (Resurrection Plant)
  6. Equisetum (Horsetails, Scouring rush)
  1. Discuss the difference between the Homosporus and Heterosporus conditions.

Homosporus plants make gametophytes that are bisexual (have both archegonia and antheridia.

Heterosporus plants make gametophytes that are either male (with antheridia) or female (with archegonia).

  1. A structure of Sporophylls densely arranged on a central axis
  2. Sporangia
  3. Club Moss
  4. Strobilius
  5. Moss gametophyte
  1. Most Ferns are
  2. Homosporus and Eusporangiate.
  3. Homosporus and Leptosporangiate.
  4. Heterosporus and Eusporangiate.
  5. Heterosporus and Leptosporangiate.
  1. Sori are
  2. masses of Leptosporangiate Sporangia.
  3. found on the upper surface of Fertile Leaves.
  4. found on gametophytes.
  5. either covered (indusia) or naked.
  6. special type of Fern Sporangia.
  7. a and c
  8. a, and d
  1. Label the Seed diagram by matching the appropriate letter with the possible answer choices below. (Quarter of a point of Extra Credit will be awarded for every tissue for which the correct Ploidy Number is named.)

__B__ Seed Coat _2N__

__A__ Microphyle __2N__

__F__ Embryo __2N__

__D__ Cotyledons _2N___

__G__ Apical Meristem __2N___

__E__ Radicle __2N___

__C__ Endosperm ___3N__

  1. Mature Male Gametophyte in Seed plants
  2. is a pollen grain.
  3. never leaves the sporangium.
  4. has 3 nuclei.
  5. is still flagellated in most genera.
  1. In Gymnosperms, the megasporangium becomes the ______when the egg is fertilized.
  2. Seed
  3. Nucellus
  4. Tapetum
  5. Endosperm
  6. Seed coat
  7. Integument
  1. Fill in the table with the correct Phyllum

Trait / Coniferophyta / Cycadophyta / Ginkgophyta / Gnetophyta
“Gender” / Monoecious / Dioecious / Dioecious / Dioecious
Leaf Type / Needle or Scale like / Fern or Palm like / Fan-like / Various
Fertilization Mode / Pollen tube / Pollen tube then Flagellated Sperm / Pollen tube then Flagellated Sperm / Pollen tube
Cone Types / Compound ♀, Simple ♂ Cone / Both Simple Cones / Fleshly ♀ Cone, Simple Male / Both Compound Cones
Special / Leaves bunched into Facicles / Mistaken for Palm trees / One species left in this phylum / Related to ancestors of Angiosperms
  1. The following are traits of the Gnetophyta which are Angiosperm-like except:
  2. Animal pollinated and/or dispersed
  3. Synecious cones
  4. Double fertilization
  5. Advanced vascular tissue
  6. Inflorescence-like branching in cone bearing structures.

In the next 2 questions (13 and 14), fill in the blank with either Primitive or Advanced.

  1. A flower with fused carpels and an inferior ovary is more _Advanced_ than a flower with free carpels and a superior ovary.
  1. A flower with no petals or sepals is more ___Advanced__ than a flower with petals and sepals.
  1. Name 4 differences between Monocots and Dicots

Character / Monocots / Dicots
Vascular Bundle arrangement / Random / In a ring
Secondary growth / Not possible / Possible
Floral members / 3 / 4,5
Stomata / 4 celled / 2 celled
Vein arrangement / parallel / netted
Cotyledon # / 1 / 2

Extra Credit: Name the force driving Floral Evolution.Mutualism with animals for pollination

  1. A seed may be prevented from germinating in all cases except:
  2. Conditions which are too dry
  3. Relatively high amounts of Abscissic Acid (ABA)
  4. Relatively high amounts of Giberillic Acid (GA)
  5. Conditions which are too cool
  1. The tissues of vascular plants are considered to fall into these basic types:
  2. vascular and non-vascular
  3. above ground and below ground
  4. stem, root, and leaves
  5. ground, vascular, and dermal
  1. Label the following Root Diagram using terms from this word box.

A ___Stele__________

B ___Phloem________

C ___Epidermis______

D ___Cortex_________

E ____Xylem_________

F ____Endodermis___


  1. The Endodermis waterproofs the Stele of a Root using which of the following compounds?
  2. Casparian Strip
  3. Subrin wax layer
  4. Secondary walls with lignin
  5. All of the above
  1. Name the organ of origin for each of the following:

Tuber: ______Root______

Rhizome: ______Stem______

Spine: ______Leaf______

Prickle: ______hair______

Corm: ______Stem______

Pneumatophore: ___Root______

  1. Which of the following hormones encourages Root Growth?
  2. Auxin
  3. Abscissic Acid (ABA)
  4. Ethylene
  5. Cytokinins
  6. Gibberillic Acid (GA)
  1. What 2 conditions describe a Vascular Bundle that is closed?

Lack of Vascular Cambium

Surrounded by Sclerenchyma

Scattered arrangement in the stem

  1. The presence of ______allows Secondary Growth.
  2. Procambium
  3. Sclerenchyma
  4. Vascular cambium
  5. Both Xylem and Phloem
  1. Name a leaf modification and state its purpose.

Various responses

  1. Hormones are:
  2. compounds that create a physiological response in small quantities
  3. compounds produce a physiological response when expressed in large quantities
  4. cells that produce a physiological response
  1. Name the Hormone that is associated with each of the following groups of effects:

____Auxin_______Apical dominance, phototropism, and cell expansion

____ABA________Stomatal Closure, and dormancy in seeds and buds

____GA_________Bolting (increasing internode length), and breaking dormancy

____Ethylene_____Senescence, fruit ripening, and triple response of seedlings

____Cytokinin____Delays senescence, and induces cell division

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