World War II Study Guide
Test Date: FRIDAY, JANUARY 27, 2017
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1) What led to German Aggression?
a) The Treaty of Versailles was too harsh on the German people after World War I.
b) The practiced imperialism by invading other European countries.
c) They didn’t like that they received all the blame for World War I.
d) They wanted to become a world power.
2) How was the Treaty of Versailles too harsh on the Germans?
a) What did it require the Germans to do:
i) It required them to give up land
ii) It required them to pay $33 billions dollars to the winning countries of World War I. They didn’t have any money because the country was bankrupt after World War I.
iii) It gave them a government they didn’t like.
iv) They couldn’t have a military.
3) What did the Treaty of Versailles lead to?
a) The Treaty of Versailles led to the National Socialist Party (Nazi) coming to power.
4) Who was the Nazi leader?
a) Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Nazi party and the dictator of Germany.
5) What is a dictator?
a) A dictator is someone who has complete control of his or her country. They have the power to do whatever they want to do.
6) How did Hitler gain his power?
a) He promised to make Germany a world power again.
b) He promised to ignore the Treaty of Versailles
c) He rebuilt the military
d) He promised to take back the land they lost in World War I.
7) What is imperialism and why did Hitler believe in it?
a) Imperialism is the belief that a country gains power by adding other countries.
b) Hitler believed in imperialism because he thought the only way Germany could become a world power was by conquering land.
8) What counties in World War I were involved in imperialism?
a) Italy – they were taking countries over in Africa.
b) Japan – they were taking over countries in Asia
c) Germany – they were taking over countries in Europe
9) What is an example of German imperialism in World War II?
a) Germany invading Poland leading to World War II is an example of German imperialism in World War II.
10) What did the winning counties of WWI do to punish Hitler for not following the Treaty of Versailles?
a) They didn’t do anything. They didn’t think what he was doing was a big deal. This strategy is called “appeasement”, they allowed him to do these things because they didn’t want to start another World War.
11) How did World War II begin in 1939?
a) Germany began attacking countries in Europe using a strategy called “Blitzkrieg.”
12) What is a blitzkrieg?
a) Is a sudden, quick, and violent attack that Germany used to take over land during World War II.
13) What country did Hitler’s Nazi army invade that finally led the Allies to take action against him?
a) Poland
14) What did the Allied Powers do after Hitler invaded Poland
a) Great Britain and France declared war on Germany after Germany took Poland.
15) What led to Japanese Aggression?
a) They had a strong feeling of nationalism and militarism.
b) They also believed in imperialism.
c) They wanted to build an empire and needed other counties to accomplish their goal.
16) What is nationalism?
a) The belief that your country is the best country or nation.
17) What is militarism?
a) The building of a strong military to frighten or defeat other countries.
18) What is the first place that Japan attacked when they invaded China?
a) Manchuria, China
19) What led to Italian aggression during World War II?
a) They wanted to conquer countries and make them their own (imperialism).
20) Who were the Axis Powers during World War II?
a) Germany, Italy, Japan, and Russia at the beginning of the war.
21) Who were the Allied Powers in during World War II?
a) Great Britain, France, United States, and Russia at the end of the war.
22) What was the United States Policy at the beginning of World War II?
a) The United States believed in isolationism or being neutral (not taking sides).
23) What is Isolationism?
a) The belief that the United States should stay out of world events.
24) Why did President Roosevelt move the naval fleet to Pearl Harbor?
a) He wanted to deter (stop) Japan from attacking any of the Pacific nations..
25) Which event caused the United States to join World War II?
a) The bombing of Pearl Harbor by the Japanese.
26) What date did the Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor?
a) December 7, 1941
27) The most deaths from Pearl Harbor came on the
a) USS Arizona.
28) How many Americans were killed during the attack of Pearl Harbor?
a) 2,400 people were killed and many US battleships and airplanes were destroyed.
29) Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?
a) They attacked Pearl Harbor because the US issued an embargo (we refused to trade with them) on Japan.
30) What did US government do to Japanese Americans after the bombing of Pearl Harbor?
a) They placed them in internment camps. Interment camps are similar to prisons.
31) What is an embargo?
a) Is when a country has a ban on trade with a particular country.
32) What did Roosevelt mean when he called December 7, 1941 “a day that will live in infamy.”
a) He meant that it was an evil act that would be remembered forever.
33) When did the United States enter World War II?
a) December 8, 1941 the day after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
34) The US fought a two-front war during World War II. Where did they fight and against whom did they fight?
a) They fought Italy and Germany in North Africa and Europe.
b) They fought Japan in the Pacific and Asia.
35) Who had more success at the beginning of the World War II, the Axis Powers or the Allied Powers?
a) The Axis powers had success at the beginning of the war. Germany had conquered most of Western Europe. Japan had conquered eastern China, the East Indies, the Philippines, and many Pacific Islands.
36) What was the turning point of World War II for the Allied Powers?
a) D-Day
37) Where did D-Day take place?
a) Normandy, France
38) What is D-Day?
a) It is the largest invasion by sea in history. Germany had taken over France and this was a surprise attack to get France back for the Allied Powers, especially the French people.
39) Why was D-Day so important in helping the Allied Powers win World War I?
a) D-Day is important because it was a big step in helping the Allies win back parts of Europe that were previously under Axis control.
b) It also made Hitler realize the he might not get the outcome he wanted from the World War.
c) The allies might have lost the war without D-Day.
40) What was the result of D-Day?
a) The French had been liberated (freed).
b) The Germans were forced out of France.
41) What was the persecution of Jews and other minorities in Germany throughout Hitler’s ruled called?
a) Holocaust
42) Why did Hitler dislike Jewish people so much?
a) He blamed them for all of Germany’s problems after World War I.
43) What was the name of the book that Hitler wrote, which predicted a general European war that would result in “the extermination of the Jewish race in Germany”
a) Mien Kampf
44) What was the Nazi’s plan to kill all Jews called?
a) Final Solution
45) What did Hitler do to hurt Jewish people before the Holocaust?
a) He hurt Jewish people by forcing Germans to stop buying things from Jewish shops
b) He forced them to move into crowded neighborhoods called ghettos so that they could be easily found.
46) What happened to Jewish people during the Holocaust?
a) They were forced to live in concentration camps (similar to prisons).
b) Hitler killed 6 million Jews during the Holocaust from 1933 to 1945.
47) Did anybody help the Jewish people?
a) The Allied forces would free the Jewish people that were still alive as they advanced through Europe.
48) . Work camps, transit camps, prisoner camps, and death camps are all examples of
a) Concentration camps
49) The Holocaust can be best described as
a) Germany’s plan to kill unwanted people who they considered not as good, especially Jews.
50) These laws were used to identify people as being Jewish: and they restricted the rights of Jewish people:
a) Nuremberg Laws
51) What is the largest concentration camp?
a) Auschwitz
52) What was the name of the treaty that Germany and the Soviet Union had before Hitler broke it:
a) German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
53) Why did Russia leave the Axis Powers and join the Allied Powers?
a) Germany broke an agreement that they had with Russia. They betrayed Russia and tried to take over their country. Therefore, Russia who didn’t care for the Allied Powers joined them because they disliked Hitler and Germany more.
54) Why did the United States, Great Britain, and France takes Russia’s help even though they didn’t like them or their leader Joseph Stalin?
a) They needed their help to win World War II.
55) How did the Allied Powers finally win World War II?
a) The Russians attacked Germany from the East. American, British, and French forces closed in from the west.
b) They would eventually force the Germans out of all other European countries and back into Germany.
c) Germany would be forced to surrender
56) When did Germany surrender?
a) May 7, 1945
57) What was the name of the campaign in the Pacific that bought America closer and closer to Japan?
a) Island-Hopping
58) Why were the Japanese so difficult for the US to fight?
a) They were willing to sacrifice (die) for their country
59) What were Japanese pilots who crashed their planes into US ships on purpose, fully expecting to die called?
a) Kamikaze pilots
60) Why was the island of Iwo Jima important for the US to capture?
a) It was a good place for US planes to land because it was close to Japan.
61) What island did US Marines attack in order to get closer to Japan:
a) Iwo Jima
62) Did Truman want to use an atomic bomb on Japan?
a) No.
63) Why didn’t Truman want to use the atomic bomb on Japan?
a) He was worried about killing innocent lives, especially those of women and children.
64) Why did Truman use the atomic bomb on Japan?
a) They refused to surrender
b) He wanted to end the war as soon as possible.
c) He didn’t want anymore American soldiers to die.
65) What was the name of the first Japanese city to have an atomic bomb used on them?
a) Hiroshima
66) What was the name of the second Japanese city to have an atomic bomb used on them?
a) Nagasaki
67) He was President of the United States for the majority of World War II but died before the end of the war.
a) Franklin D. Roosevelt (Allied Powers)
68) He was the dictator of the Soviet Union who often killed his enemies. He had an agreement to fight with Hitler but joined the Allied Powers when Hitler betrayed him.
a) Joseph Stalin (Allied Powers)
69) Who was responsible for killing millions of people by using the “The Great Purge” and intentional famine (lack of food):
a) Joseph Stalin
70) He was the Prime Minister of Great Britain during World War II. He was a symbol for the fighting spirit of the British. He promised to never stop fighting.
a) Winston Churchill (Allied Powers)
71) He made the difficult decision for atomic bombs to be used against Japan. He was the president when World War II ended.
a) Harry S. Truman (Allied Powers)
72) He was the dictator of Germany during WWII. He was also the leader of the Nazi party. He worked his way up until he had complete control over his country.
a) Adolph Hitler (Axis Powers)
73) He was the dictator of Italy during WWII. He became the leader of the fascist party and slowly took complete control of the Italian government. He was Hitler’s most trusted ally during World War II.
a) Benito Mussolini (Axis Powers)
74) He was the emperor of Japan during World War II. He wanted to build a massive (big) empire in East Asia by taking over other countries.
a) Emperor Hirohito
75) What did most families in the United States have to do during the war to limit their use of consumer goods?
a) They rationed their supplies
76) How did the US government make sure there were enough supplies to send to the soldiers?
a) By rationing
77) What was rationing? What was it intended to accomplish?