World War I, Russia Revolution, and Revolution in China
Study Guide
NOTE: STUDENTS ARE REQUIRED TO COMPLETE ALL OF THE UNIT QUESTIONS IN THIS PACKET. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS HERE, NOT ON A SEPARATE PIECE OF PAPER. THE UNIT VOCABULARY IS A SEPARATE OPTIONAL ASSIGNMENT THIS UNIT.
UNIT OUTCOMES:
1. Causes of WWI – Ch. 29.1
2. Events Prior to U.S. Entry- Ch. 29.2
3. U.S. Involvement – Ch. 29.3
4. The Fighting Ends – Ch. 29.4
5. Russian Revolution- Ch. 30.1 – 30.2
6. Revolution in China – Ch. 30.3
Unit Readings:
1. Ch. 29.1 – 29.4- WWI
2. Ch. 30.1 – 30.3 Russian Revolution and Revolution in China
WWI OUTLINE:
I. Underlying Motives For Most Wars
A. Extreme Nationalism (cultural pride; may fuel desire for independence)
B. Imperialism (acquisition of colonies; competition to build empires)
C. Militarism (developing strong armies & navies)
D. Alliance Systems (agreements to support & protect)
E. Fanatical Leaders (irrational power seekers)
II. Causes of WW I
A. Nationalism
B. Imperialism
C. Militarism
D. Alliances Developed into powerful Warring Sides
1. Allied Powers
2. Central Powers
III. Events Prior to U.S. Entry
A. Problems with Neutrality
B. Ties with the Allies
C. Violation of Neutrality Rights (particularly at sea)
D. Zimmermann Telegram (Note)
E. Defense of Democracy
IV. U.S. Involvement
A. Home front is mobilized for War Effort
B. Opportunities arise for Women and Minorities
C. In Europe
1. U.S. troops help bring an Allied victory
2. New weapons & strategies make war more deadly
V. The Fighting Ends
A. Armistice - November 11, 1918
B. Treaty of Versailles
C. The League of Nations
D. Dictated Peace Plants the Seeds of New War (revenge)
E. Disarmament & Isolationism
KEY PEOPLE:
Woodrow Wilson
Theodore Roosevelt
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Czar Nicholas II
David Lloyd George
V.I. Lenin (same as Nikolai Lenin)
Georges Clemenceau
Bolsheviks
Rasputin
Joseph Stalin
Sun Yixian
Mao Zedong
Jian Jieshi
Theodore Roosevelt
Kaiser Wilhelm II
KEY CONCEPTS / EVENTS / DATES:
Triple Alliance
Triple Entente
Schlieffen Plan
Eastern Front
Submarine Warfare
Total War
Rationing
Self-determination
Proletariat
Bolsheviks
Provisional Government
Communist Party
Soviet
Totalitarianism
Kuomintang
May Fourth Movement
Long March
White Army
Red Bolshevik Army
Allied Powers
Central Powers
Lusitania Sinking (May 7, 1915)
Western Front
Zimmermann Note
Bolshevik Revolution in Russia
Fourteen Points
Treaty of Versailles
League of Nations
Armistice
Militarism
Pacifist
Disarmament
Propaganda
War Guilt Clause
Neutrality
Reparations
Isolationism
Constructive Response Questions: Required questions. Answers these after you have completed all of the Unit Questions that follow.
1. What were the underlying causes of the war?
2. What is an Alliance and how did they affect the war?
3. Why did the U.S. enter the war and why on the side of the Allies?
4. Describe how the war was fought?
5. What were the consequences of WW I? (immediate and long-term)
6. What were the underlying causes of the Russian Revolution?
7. How do the Bolsheviks under Lenin change Russia?
World History
World War I and the Russian Revolution
World War I - The Great War)
Ch. 29
UNDERLYING CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I
1. Nationalism
2. Imperialism
3. Militarism
4. System of Alliances
Dual Alliance (1879) –
Triple Alliance (1882) –
Franco-Russian Alliance (1894) -
Triple Entente (1907) -
Political Assassinations-
§ 1881 - Alexander II of Russia killed by a bomb
§ 1898 - Empress Elizabeth of Austria stabbed to death
§ 1901 - US President William McKinley shot and killed by an anarchist
IMMEDIATE CAUSE OF WORLD WAR I
The Assassination of the Archduke of Austria - On June 28, 1914, the heir to the Austrian throne, ______, and his wife were visiting the city of ______in southern Austria. As the two drove in an open automobile through the city streets, a young ______nationalist pushed through the crowd and fired into the car. Both the Archduke and his wife were killed. The assassination sparked a chain reaction that plunged Europe into the Great War.
The Road to World War
1. Austria decided to deal harshly with Serbia and end its plans for an independent Slavic state. It asked and received unconditional support from ______. On July 26, 1914, Austria presented an ______to Serbia. It demanded that Serbia:
• Stop all anti-Austrian propaganda
• Dismiss all anti-Austrian government officials
• Allow Austria into Serbia to investigate the assassination
2. Who were the:
Central Powers Allied Powers (Allies)
Read pages 845-861 and answer the following questions:
Section 2: Europe Plunges into War (pp. 845-849)
1. What was Germany’s strategy to avoid a two front war?
2. Why did World War I become a stalemate following the Battle of the Marne? What did this deadlocked region in northern France become known as? How far did the Western Front eventually reach?
3. Why did the war on the Western Front become trench warfare? Describe life in the trenches.
4. In what battles on the Western Front did the slaughter reach its peak in 1916? How bad were the casualties for each side? What was gained as a result?
5. What role did new technology play in the war? Describe the types of weapons that were developed and the roles that they played (History in Depth p.848).
a. Why was WWI a Total War?
6. How was war on the Eastern Front different from that on the Western Front? Where did the largest battle take place in the East? What was the result?
a. What other areas of the world was WWI fought in?
8. What factors caused the Russian war effort to decline in 1916? What was Russia’s only asset?
Section 3: A Global Conflict: (pp 851-857)
8 What was the Gallipoli Campaign? Why was it a disaster for the Allies?
9. What happened to the Lusitania in 1915? How did this strain German relations with the United States? Why did the Germans return to unrestricted submarine warfare in 1917?
10. What was the Zimmerman telegram? How did it impact the United States decision to enter the war in 1917? When did the United States declare war on Germany?
11. Define the following:
A. Total War
B. Rationing
C. Propaganda
12. What role did women play in the war?
13. Why did Russia withdraw from the war in March 1918? What was the treaty between the Russians and Germans known as? How did this affect the war on the Western Front?
14. Why did the Central Powers finally collapse? What was America’s role in the Allied victory?
15. What events and factors led to the end of WWI? How did the war finally end? When did it end?
16. What was the legacy (results) of the war?
17. What were the social and economic costs of World War I?
18. Describe events that led to the Allies winning the war and the central powers collapsing. Pg. 854-855
a. Why was WWI different from other wars? What were its results?
Section 4: A Flawed Peace (pp. 858 – 861)
17. Where were the terms of peace work out? Who were the “Big Four” that dominated the peace talks?
18. What was President Woodrow Wilson’s plan for peace known as? What was the idea of self-determination?
19. What was the League of Nations? Why did the United States not join the League?
20. What was the Treaty of Versailles that was written at the Paris Peace Conference? What were the main terms and how did it treat Germany? Why was it considered “a peace built on quicksand”?
21. What contribution did the US make to the Allied victory?
Ch. 30 Russia and China
Ch. 30.1 - Pgs. 867-873- Russian Revolution
1. Describe Russia’s involvement in WWI:
2. Who were the Proletariat?
3. Who were the Bolsheviks?
4. What was Lenin?
5. What causes discontent in Russia before AND during WW1?
6. What was the Russo-Japanese War and what affect did this have on the view of the Czar Nicholas?
7. What was Bloody Sunday-1905?
8. Who was Rasputin?
9. Why did Russia suffer heavy losses during WWI?
10. Describe the events of the March Revolution and describe the March Revolution?
11. What was the Provisional Government?
12. Who/What were the Soviets?
13. What is the Storming of the Winter Palace in Nov. 1917? Pg. 870
14. Who were the Red Army
15. Who were the White Army? Why was the White Army likely not very successful in the end? Pg. 871
16. Describe the Civil War between 1918 and 1920 in Russia:
17. Who was Leon Trotsky?
18. How was the Civil War so deadly? Describe:
19. What Lenin’s role in the Bolshevik revolution?
20. What was his New Economic Policy and how did this differ from Communist ideals? Pg. 873
a. What effect does this NEP (New Economic Policy) have on Russia’s economy?
21. What political reforms took place between 1922 and 1924? Pg. 873
22. Describe Stalin’s rise to power:
23. What did the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk do?
24. What happened to Nicholas II and his family?
25. What does USSR stand for?
Revolution in China
Ch. 30. 3 – pgs. 882-886
1. What was significant of the following:
a. Kuomingtang
b. Sun Yixian
c. May Fourth Movement
d. Mao Zedong
e. Jiang Jieshi
f. Long March
2. Whose reforms had a greater appeal to the peasants? Why?
a. Jiang-
b. Mao-
3. How did the Treaty of Versailles trigger the May Fourth Movement?
4. How was Mao’s vision of communism different than that of Lenin?
5. What started the civil war in China?
6. What influence did foreign nations have on China from 1912 – 1938?
7. What caused the communist revolutionary movement in China to gain strength?