Pre-Astronomy Review: Use pages 464-477 to answer all the following questions. Use the back of this page or a piece of binder paper if you need more room.
1. What is astronomy? What bright star did the ancient Egyptians use to predict annual floods?
2. What are two major ways Earth moves through space? Define rotation, revolution and orbit.
3. How long does it take the Earth to make one rotation? How long does it take to make one revolution?
4. What is a calendar? What was the purpose of Stonehenge? What did the Greeks build in 80 B.C? Where is the world’s oldest observatory? What were astrolabes used for?
5. From which two cultures do we get today’s modern calendar. What is a leap year? What is the reason for a leap year?
6. Why is it warmer at the equator than at the poles? Why does Earth have seasons? How much is the tilt of Earth’s axis? Is the Earth farther or closer to the Sun during the northern hemisphere’s summer? When it’s summer one hemisphere what season is it in the other hemisphere?
7. What month is the winter solstice? What month is the summer solstice? What months are the equinoxes?
8. Define solstice and equinox. What causes more heating of the Earth in the northern hemisphere during June? What causes winter in the northern hemisphere in December? How is the Earths axis aligned in relation to the hemispheres during the equinoxes?
9. Who first determined why the Earth and Moon move in orbits? What is a force? What force attracts the Earth to the Sun and the Moon to the Earth? What is gravity?
10. What is the Law of Gravitation? What does the strength of the force of gravity depend upon? What is mass? What is weight? How does the force of gravity change as the distance between objects increase?
11. What is inertia? What is Newton’s first law of motion? Why do Earth and the Moon remain in their orbits?
12. Answer the following Section Assessment questions on page 471 and 477.
a. On page 471 answer questions #1a.,1b. 2a. 2b. 2c.
b. On page 477 answer questions #1a.,1b.,1c.,2a., 2b.,2c.