Unit 4 Monster Review – Three Ring Circus – The Judicial Branch
Judicial Branch Essential Vocabulary: circuit, jurisdiction, exclusive jurisdiction, concurrent jurisdiction, acknowledge, circumstance, district court, original jurisdiction, appeals court, appellate jurisdiction, remand, opinion, precedent, affect, submit, judicial review, constitutional, philosophy, conflict, docket, brief, majority opinion, unanimous opinion, concurring opinion, dissenting opinion, stare decisis, communicate, attitude
US Court System
-US Supreme Court
- Highest US Court, this court was created by the US Constitution
- Total of 9 justices serve on the Supreme Court – there is 1 chief executive (John Roberts)
- Majority, Dissenting, Concurring Opinions
- Original and Appellate jurisdiction
-US Court of Appeals
- Created by Congress, this court was designed to relieve the US Supreme Court, there are 12 US Court of Appeals
- US Court of Appeals – appellate jurisdiction
-US District Courts
- Federal trial courts created by the Congress, hears both civil and criminal cases that are Federal crimes, there are 94 district courtsCongress has the power to create lower federal courts
- US District Court (trial by jury) – original jurisdiction
Types of Jurisdiction
-exclusive jurisdiction – power of ONLY federal courts to hear a case
-concurrent jurisdiction – Federal and State courts share the power to hear cases
-original jurisdiction – the power of a court to hear a case first
-appellate jurisdiction – the authority to review decisions of inferior courts
State Government
Federalism – division of power between a central government and several state governments
NC Government
-Judicial Branch: NC Supreme Court
- 7 justices – 1 Chief Justice
- 4 levels of NC Courts
- NC Supreme Court
- NC Court of Appeals
- NC Superior Courts
- NC District Courts
Unit 4 Review Questions – Judicial Branch
1. What branch has the power to appoint justices to the US Supreme Court? Who must approve these appointments?
The President appoints justices to the Sup.Ct. the Senate must approve.
2. What is the highest court in the US?
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the US.
3. How many justices on the US Supreme Court?
The Supreme Court has 9 justices.
4. What do we call the Supreme Court Justices?
There is 1 Chief Justice and 8 Associate Justices.
5. Name and describe the different types of jurisdictions.
Original Jurisdiction – hear a case first
Exclusive Jurisdiction – ONLY the FEDERAL courts may hear a case
Appellate Jurisdiction – REVIEW a court case
Concurrent Jurisdiction – Fed & State courts may hear a case [remember concurrent powers – both federal and state have power!]
6. What is the US Courts of Appeals? What type of jurisdiction do these courts have?
They are the middle of the Federal court triangle, they review court cases & they have appellate jurisdiction.
7. What are the US District Courts? What type of jurisdiction do these courts have?
They are the bottom of the Federal court triangle, they hear court casesfor the first time & they have original jurisdiction.
8. What are the NC District Courts? What types of cases do these courts hear?
They are the bottom of the NC State court triangle, they hear court casesfor the first time & they have original jurisdiction. This court has NO JURY and only deals with misdemeanors or civil cases for under $10,000
9. What are the NC Superior Courts? What types of cases do these courts hear?
They are the near thebottom of the NC State court triangle, they hear court casesfor the first time & they have original jurisdiction. This court has a JURY and only deals with FELONIES or civil cases for over $10,000
10. What are the NC Appellate Courts? What types of cases do these courts hear?
They are the near themiddle of the NC State court triangle, they hear court caseson review & they have appellate jurisdiction.
11. What is the NC Supreme Court?
They are thetop of the NC State court triangle, they hear court caseson review & they have appellate jurisdiction. They are the highest court in NC.
12. Name and define the 2 types of cases heard in the courts.
Criminal cases [someone broke the law] & civil cases [problem between 2 people]
13. What court case gave us Judicial Review?
Marbury v Madison – judicial review is the right of the courts to declare a law from the legislative branch and signed by the president UNCONSTITUTIONAL.
Unit 4 Practice Vocabulary Quiz
Interpret 1. The role of the judicial branch is to ______laws.
Supreme Court 2. What is the highest court in the United States?
District Court 3. What court is the Federal trial court?
Court of Appeals 4. What federal court has ONLY appellate jurisdiction?
District Court5. What federal court has ONLY original jurisdiction?
Supreme Court 6. What federal court has original and appellate jurisdiction?
Original Jurisdiction 7. The power to hear a case first
Appellate Jurisdiction 8. The power to review a case from a lower court
9 9. How many Supreme Court justices are there?
Majority Opinion 10. This is the written opinion of the Supreme Court
Dissenting Opinion 11. This is written by those who disagree with the opinion of the Supreme Court.
ConcurringOpinion 12. This is written by those who agree with the majority but for different reasons.
LIFE 13. What is the term length for Supreme Court justice?
President 14. Who appoints Supreme Court Justices?
Senate 15. Who approves presidential appoints of judges?
Writ of Certiorari 16.To send up records form a lower court.
Ex Post Facto Law 17. To be punished for an action that was not a crime when committed
Bill of Attainder 18. To be punished without a trial
NC District Court 19. Lowest NC Court that handles misdemeanors and civil cases less than $10,000
7 20. Number of NC Supreme Court Justices
Leandro 21. What NC court case says that North Carolina must provide a sound and basic
education?
State v Mann 22. What NC court case establishes the supremacy of the North Carolina Constitution?
NC Supreme Court 23. What is the highest North Carolina Court?
NC Superior Court 24. What NC court hears felony cases and civil cases more than $10,000
Swann v CMS 25. What NC court case says that busing should be used to desegregate public schools in Charlotte –Mecklenburg?
NC Appellate Court 26. What NC court has only appellate jurisdiction?
Original Jurisdiction 27. Power to hear a case first.
Appellate Jurisdiction 28. Power to hear a case from a lower court.
JUDICIAL REVIEW 29. Power to determine the constitutionality of a law or action
Local Government Information
CharterGeneral AssemblyRevenue Fiscal Year
CountiesGovernorSocial SecurityExpenditure
EducationIncome TaxesStatutesOrdinance
EnvironmentIncorporationTownMunicipal
______1.The largest sub-division of most states.
______2. A city’s basic law
______3. Laws enacted by a legislative body.
______4. A law made by a local government (county, city, town)
______5. A local unit of govt. that is more rural than a city.
______6. This word could refer to a city, town or county – a subdivision of local govt.
______7.To become an established town or city.
______8.Greatest form of revenue for NC Govt.
______9.Greatest form of revenue for US Govt.
______10. Who plans and proposes the budget?
______11. Who approves the budget?
______12. NC operates on a budget year, called ______
______13.The greatest expenditure for the NC Govt.
______14.The greatest expenditure for the US Govt.
______15. Money brought into the govt. or company
______16. Money the govt. or company spends
______17. Most state govt. spend very little money on ______.