Name:______

Africa Test Review KEY

Part I: Vocabulary

Accurate animism apartheid Berlin Conference 1884 biomes

  1. European country leaders met in Germany to divide Africa among themselves to colonize the continent Berlin Conference of 1884
  2. Word meaning “separateness”; a system of racial segregation in South Africa until the early 1990s apartheid
  3. Areas with similar climate conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems biomes
  4. Correct in all details; exact; precise accurate
  5. The belief that all plants, animals and objects have spirits animism

Convergence/divergence diffusion emerge geomorphology globalization

  1. Study of earth’s landforms, the internal processes (tectonic activity and volcanism) and external forces (wind, water, waves, and glacial ice) that change landforms geomorphology
  2. Increasing the connectivity and interdependence of the world’s markets and businesses globalization
  3. To come together and unite/to separate convergence/divergence
  4. To rise from or make itself known emerge
  5. Spread of diffusion

Innovation mercantilism nomadic prior pandemics

  1. A new idea, method or device innovation
  2. Occurring over a wide geographic area and affecting an exceptionally high proportion of the population pandemics
  3. Before; earlier; previous prior
  4. To move from place to place usually seasonally and within a well-defined territory nomadic
  5. The business of buying and selling products to earn money; relating to trade or merchants mercantilism

Peak revival suffrage opposition validity

  1. Right to vote suffrage
  2. Actions or opinions that show you disagree with or disapprove of someone or something/a person or group that you are trying to defeat or succeed against opposition
  3. The growth of something or an increase in the activity of something after a long period of time revival
  4. Logically correct validity
  5. The highest level peak

Which statement represents primary documents and which one represents secondary documents?

  1. First hand testimony or direct evidence concerning a topic under investigation. Primary Documents
  2. Documents written after an event has occurred or providing secondhand accounts of that event. Secondary Documents

Part II: Critical Thinking

  1. Why was North Africa studied in the Middle East Region as opposed to this region with the rest of Africa?

It is both a separate physical region and cultural region. The Sahara desert separates the region as well as the different climate zones. Countries in North Africa also are culturally tied with the Middle East for speaking Arabic and practicing Islam.

  1. What areas do you mainly see subsistence agriculture and cottage industry?

Rural areas

  1. What is urbanization? What are its causes and effects?

The movement from rural to urban areas--rapid development and population growth in cities. Usually caused by migration of workers looking for jobs in cities. Leads to development and higher levels of economic activity, but also can lead to increases in poverty, slums and lack of sanitation.

  1. How are globalization and pandemics connected?

Globalization has allowed for an increase in economic growth and technology/resource access, but also opens the door for rapid spreading of disease.

  1. Describe the conflict between the Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda. What was it an example of?

An example of ethnic cleansing/genocide between two ethnic groups in Rwanda in the 1994 resulting in the death of 800,000 people over a couple of months.

  1. What are the biomes present in Africa?

Grasslands (Savanna), rainforest, deserts

Part II: Short Answer Practice

  1. Explain how the following physical features hindered (prevented) the development of Africa’s infrastructure?

●Tropical/arid climate

●Changes in elevation

●Smooth coastlines

●Continent as a plateau (escarpment)

  1. Describe what is taking place in these two political cartoons? Identify what time period of African history these cartoons are referencing. What is the point of view of the illustrator?

Consult your level of development notes and “50 Years Past Colonialism” activities