SECTION 02740
HOT MIXED ASPHALT PAVING
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1SUMMARY
A.Section Includes:
1.Hot-Mix Asphalt Paving
2.Patch and Repair of Existing Pavement where shown on Drawings
3.Pavement markings, including temporary markings before sealer coat and final markings after sealer coat.
B.Related Documents:
1.Drawings and General Provisions of Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and other Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.
C.Related Sections:
1.Section 02300 - Earthwork
2.Section 02751 - Cement Concrete Paving
1.2SUBMITTALS
A.Product Data: For each product specified include technical data and tested physical performance properties.
1.Submit “Letter of Conformance” in accordance with Section 01330.
B.Job Mix Designs: For each job mix proposed for the work.
C.Material Certificates: Provide copies of materials certificates signed by material producer and Contractor certifying that each material item complies with, or exceeds, specified requirements, including job mix design.
1.3QUALITY ASSURANCE
A.Provide hot-mix asphalt pavement according to the materials, workmanship, and other applicable requirements of the standard specifications of the State Department of Transportation (DOT), or of authorities having jurisdiction.
B.Use locally available materials and gradations which meet standard state highway specifications and exhibit satisfactory records of previous installations.
1.4DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
A.Deliver pavement-marking materials to Project site in original packages with seals unbroken and bearing manufacturer’s labels containing brand name and type of material, date of manufacturer, and directions for storage.
B.Store pavement-marking materials in a clean, dry, protected location and within temperature range required by manufacturer. Protect stored materials from direct sunlight.
1.5PROJECT CONDITIONS
A.Weather Limitations: Apply prime and tack coats when ambient temperature is above 50 deg. F. (10 deg. C), and when temperature has not been below 35 deg. F. (1 deg. C) for 12 hours immediately prior to application. Do not apply when base is wet or contains an excess of moisture.
B.Construct asphalt concrete surface course when atmospheric temperature is above 40 deg. F. (4 deg. C), and when base is dry. Base course may be placed when air temperature is above 30 deg. F. (1(-1 deg. C) and rising.
C.Pavement-Marking Paint: Proceed with pavement marking only on clean, dry surfaces and at a minimum ambient or surface temperature of 40 degrees F for oil-based materials, 50 degrees F for water-based materials, and not exceeding 95 degrees F.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1AGGREGATES
A.General: Use materials and gradations that have performed satisfactorily in previous installations.
B.Coarse Aggregate: Sound; angular crushed stone; crushed gravel; or properly cured, crushed blast-furnace slag; complying with ASTM D 692.
C.Fine Aggregate: Sharp-edged natural sand or sand prepared from stone; gravel, properly cured blast-furnace slag, or combinations thereof; complying with ASTM D 1073.
1.For hot-mix asphalt, limit natural sand to a maximum of 20 percent by weight of the total aggregate mass.
D.Mineral Filler: Rock or slag dust, hydraulic cement, or other inert material complying with ASTM D 242, if recommended by applicable DOT standards.
2.2ASPHALT MATERIALS
A.Asphalt Cement: Comply with ASTM D 3381; Table 2 AC-10, AC-20, or AC-30, viscosity grade, depending on local mean annual air temperature as indicated below:
Temperature ConditionAsphalt Grades
Cold, mean annual air temperatureAC-10
at 45 degrees F or lower85/100 pen.
Warm, mean annual air temperatureAC-20
between 45 degrees F and60/70 pen.
75 degrees F
Hot, mean annual air temperatureAC-30
at 75 degrees F or higher
B.Prime Coat: A medium curing cut-back asphalt or an asphalt penetrating prime coat consisting of either ASTM D 2397 or ASTM D 2399, MC-30 or SS-1 h.
C.Tack Coat: Emulsified asphalt; ASTM D 2397 or ASTM D 2399, SS-1 h, CSS-1, or CSS-1 h, diluted with one part water to one part emulsified asphalt.
D.Asphalt-Aggregate Mixture: Unless otherwise indicated on Drawings, the Design Mix shall have a minimum stability based on a 50-blow Marshall complying with ASTM D 1559 of 1000 pounds with a flow between 8 and 16. The Design Mix shall be within sieve analysis and bitumen ranges below:
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF MIX
Square SieveTotal Percent PassingPercent Tolerance
3/4 inch1007
1/2 inch80 - 1005
3/8 inch65 - 934
No. 840 - 554
No. 5012 - 272
No. 2000 - 100
Percent Bitumen by Weight of Total Mix: 5.0 - 8.5.
Percent Air Voids: 3-6.
Percent Aggregate Voids Filled with Asphalt Cement: 70 - 82.
Allowable Variance of Percent Bitumen by Weight of Total Mix: 0.4.
2.3AUXILIARY MATERIALS
A.Water: Potable
B.Sand: ASTM D 1073, Grade No’s. 2 or 3.
C.Paving Geotextile: Nonwoven polypropylene, specifically designed for paving applications, resistant to chemical attack, rot, and mildew.
D.Joint Fillers
1.Bituminous Fiber Joint Filler: Preformed strips of asphalt saturated fiberboard, complying with ASTM D 1751.
E.Pavement-Marking Paint: Alkyd-resin type, ready-mixed, complying with FS TT-P-115, Type I, or AASHTO M-248, Type N.
1.Manufacturers
a.“Traffic-Line Interior-Exterior Water Based Traffic Marking Paint”, No. 41611; 1C1 Paints Deroe Coatings (800-984-5444, Option 4)
b.“Ultra Hide Waterbased Traffic Paint”; 1C1 Dulux Paint Centers (216-227-1080)
c.“Setfast Vinyl Acrylic Waterborne Traffic Marking Paint”; Sherwin-Williams Co. (800-321-8194)
d.Approved substitution
2.Color:
a.White for parking stalls.
b.Blue for accessible spaces.
c.Red for fire lanes and curbs.
2.4MIXES
A.Hot-Mix Asphalt: Provide dense, hot-laid, hot-mix asphalt plant mixes approved by authorities having jurisdiction; designed according to procedures in AI’s “Mix Design Methods for Asphalt Concrete and other Hot-Mix Types”; and complying with the following requirements: (These are minimum requirements. See Civil Drawings for additional information and specifications.)
1.Provide mixes with a history of satisfactory performance in geographical area where Project is located.
2.Base Course: Drive lanes 5 inches parking 3.5 inches.
3.Surface Course: 2 inches.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1EXAMINATION
A.Verify that subgrade is dry and in suitable condition to support paving and imposed loads.
B.Notify General Contractor in writing of any unsatisfactory conditions. Do not begin paving installation until these conditions have been satisfactorily corrected.
3.2SURFACE PREPARATION
A.General: Immediately before placing asphalt minerals, remove loose and deleterious material from substrate surfaces. Ensure that prepared subgrade is ready to receive paving.
1.Sweep loose granular particles from surface of unbound-aggregate base course. Do not dislodge or disturb aggregate embedded in compacted surface of base course.
B.Herbicide Treatment: Apply herbicide according to manufacturer's recommended rates and written application instructions. Apply to dry, prepared subgrade or surface of compacted-aggregate base before applying paving materials.
1.Mix herbicide with prime coat when formulated by manufacturer for that purpose.
C.Prime Coat: Apply uniformly over surface of compacted-aggregate base at a rate of 0.15 to 0.50 gal./sq. yd. Apply enough material to penetrate and seal, but not flood, surface. Allow prime coat to cure for 72 hours minimum.
1.If prime coat is not entirely absorbed within 24 hours after application, spread sand over surface to blot excess asphalt. Use just enough sand to prevent pickup under traffic. Remove loose sand by sweeping before pavement is placed and after volatiles have evaporated.
2.Protect primed substrate from damage until ready to receive paving.
D.Base Coat: Apply over compacted subgrade. Apply material to penetrate and seal, but not flood surface. Cure and dry as long as necessary to attain penetration and evaporation of volatile.
E.Tack Coat: Apply to contact surfaces of previously constructed asphalt or portland cement concrete and surfaces abutting or projecting into asphalt concrete pavement.
F.Allow to dry until at proper condition to receive paving.
G.Exercise care in applying bituminous materials to avoid smearing of adjoining concrete surfacing. Remove and clean damaged surfaces.
3.3HOT-MIX ASPHALT PLACING
A.General: Place asphalt concrete mixture on prepared surface, spread and strike-off. Spread mixture at minimum temperature of 225 deg. F (107 deg. C). Place inaccessible and small areas by hand. Place each course to required grade, cross-section, and compacted thickness.
B.Placing Asphalt Paving: Place in strips not less than 10’ wide, unless otherwise acceptable to Architect. After first strip has been placed and rolled, place succeeding strips and extend rolling to overlap previous strips. Complete base course for a section before placing surface course.
C.Joints: Make joints between old and new pavements, or between successive days' work, to ensure continuous bond between adjoining work. Construct joints to have same texture, density and smoothness as other sections of asphalt concrete course. Clean contact surfaces and apply tack coat.
D.Final course of asphalt paving shall be installed at completion of Project, at scheduled time as approved by Owner’s Representative.
3.4ROLLING AND COMPACTION
A.General: Begin rolling when mixture will bear roller weight without excessive displacement.
B.Compact mixture with hot hand tampers or vibrating plate compactors in areas inaccessible to rollers.
C.Breakdown Rolling: Accomplish breakdown or initial rolling immediately following rolling of joints and outside edge. Check surface after breakdown rolling and repair displaced areas by loosening and filling, if required, with hot material.
D.Second Rolling: Follow breakdown rolling as soon as possible, while mixture is hot. Continue second rolling until mixture has been thoroughly compacted.
E.Finish Rolling: Perform finish rolling while mixture is still warm enough for removal of roller marks. Continue rolling until roller marks are eliminated and course has attained maximum density.
F.Patching: Remove and replace paving areas mixed with foreign materials and defective areas. Cut-out such areas and fill with fresh, hot asphalt concrete. Compact by rolling to maximum surface density and smoothness.
G.Protection: After final rolling, do not permit vehicular traffic on pavement until it has cooled and hardened, and in no case sooner than six hours.
H.Erect barricades to protect paving from traffic until mixture has cooled enough not to become marked.
3.5PAVEMENT MARKING
A.General: The extent of pavement marking is shown on the Drawings.
B.Allow paving to cure for a minimum of 30 days before starting markings.
C.Preparation: Sweep surface with power broom supplemented by hand brooms to eliminate loose material and dust.
D.Installation – General
1.Control points for locating stall lines shall be verified with the Owner’s representative prior to any chalking and painting operation.
2.Lines and arrows shall be accurately measured and chalklines as to location, direction, and length before being painted.
3.Lines shall be painted with a mechanical striper capable of providing continuous painted lines 4" in width with uniform straight edges. Parking lot stall marking lines shall be continuous and located as shown on the plans.
4.Handicap stall dimensional markings and symbols shall be in accordance with ANSI A117.1, except as modified on the Drawings.
5.Directional arrows, stop bars and handicap symbols shall be painted as shown on the Drawings using the applicable templates.
E.Apply paint products in accordance with manufacturer's published instructions using application procedures approved for the particular application and substrate to the specified Minimum Dry Film Thickness (MDF). Apply each coat to uniform finish.
F.Apply paint markings on surfaces that are dry and rain is not expected within 24 hours.
G.Apply paint markings only when surface or air temperature is 50 degrees F or above.
H.Apply 2 coats at 7 mils OFT each coat or the manufacturer recommended rate without addition of thinner, with maximum 100 square feet per gallon coverage. Apply with mechanical equipment to produce uniform straight edges. At sidewalk curbs and crosswalks, use straightedge to provide uniform, clean, and straight stripe.
I.Clean-Up: Upon completion of the work, Contractor shall perform clean-up as necessary, eliminating any incorrectly painted lines or spills by paint remover or painting over with blending color, and leaving the area in a neat and finished condition.
3.6SEALER COAT
A.Sealer coat will be applied by the Contractor after all construction traffic is off of site and just before Owner opens for business.
3.7FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A.General: Provide results of reports to test in-place asphalt concrete courses for compliance with requirements for thickness and surface smoothness. Repair or remove and replace unacceptable paving as directed by Owner’s Representative.
B.Thickness: In-place compacted thickness will not be acceptable if exceeding ASTM D 3549 and the following allowable variation from required thickness:
1.Base Coat: Plus or minus ½”
2.Surface Course: Plus or minus ¼”
C.Surface Smoothness: Test finished surface of each asphalt concrete course for smoothness using 10' straightedge applied parallel with, and at right angles to, centerline of paved area. Surfaces will not be acceptable if exceeding the following tolerances for smoothness.
1.Wearing Course Surface: 3/16"
D.Compaction: Field density test for in place materials shall be performed by examination of field cores in accordance with one of the following standards:
1.Bulk Specific Gravity of Paraffin-coated Specimens: ASTM D 1188, minimum one core per 20,000 square feet.
a.Standard Duty Areas: Minimum 3 cores.
b.Heavy Duty Areas: Minimum 3 cores.
2.Bulk Specific Gravity Using Saturated Surface-ry Specimens: ASTM D 2726, minimum one core per 20,000 square feet.
a.Standard Duty Areas: Minimum 3 cores.
b.Heavy Duty Areas: Minimum 3 cores.
E.Check surface areas at intervals as directed by Owner’s Representative.
3.8CLEAN-UP
A.Upon completion of the work, Contractor is to clean-up the site and leave it in a finished condition acceptable to the Owner.
END OF SECTION
02740 - 1LK 00000