Electronic Supplementary Materials, S3

List of species and frequencies for species records from different habitat types. Number of occurrences (N), WA-inferred EC optima (opt.), and lower and upper EC tolerances for species from Israel (this study), in comparison to EC inferences for the Iberian data set (Mezquita et al. 2005) and those from the Tibetan Plateau (Mischke et al. 2007). Species codes refer to graphic provided as Electronic Supplementary Materials, S4. Codes only given for species that were recorded in at least three samples of the data set with full environmental information available and that were included in the ordination analysis. Lake Berekhat Ram is not included because ostracod shells were not recorded from this lake. EC inferences for Cyprideis torosa from the Iberian data set are given in the same row as the data for Cyprideis torosa forma littoralis from water bodies in Israel. *SEM analysis of marginal ripplets on the inner lamella of Ilyocypris shells revealed that I. inermis and I. bradyi occur at the sampled sites. However, SEM analysis were not performed routinely and other non-tuberculated Ilyocypris species may be included in Ilyocypris spp.

Water bodies in Israel, this study Iberian-Peninsula data set Tibetan-Plateau data set

Taxon species lakes ponds streams N opt. lower tol. upper tol. N opt. lower tol. upper tol. N opt. lower tol. upper tol.

code (n=2) (n=33) (n=26) limit limit limit limit limit limit

CANDONIDAE

Pseudocandona sp. Pseu 1 2 7 10 3.058 1.270 6.254 ------

Candona neglecta Sars, 1887 Cneg 1 6 5 12 1.754 0.600 3.739 50 0.457 0.263 0.794 6 1.320 0.536 3.249

Candona angulata Müller, 1900 1 - 1 2 0.881 0.000 3.915 ------

Cypria ophtalmica (Jurine, 1820) 1 - 1 2 0.549 0.303 0.841 27 0.457 0.245 0.851 - - - -

Fabaeformiscandona cf. holzkampfi (Hartwig, 1900) Fhol - 2 2 4 3.696 1.737 7.056 ------

CYPRIDIDAE

Cypris pubera O.F. Müller, 1776 - 3 - 3 0.688 0.340 1.125 - - - - 11 0.343 0.233 0.504

Eucypris virens (Jurine, 1820) - 1 - 1 - - - 13 2.399 1.023 5.623

Eucyprinotus rostratus (Sywula, 1966) - 1 - 1

Koencypris cf. ornata (O.F. Müller, 1776) - 1 - 1 ------

Trajancypris clavata (Baird, 1838) - 3 - 3 0.544 0.118 1.132 19 1.660 1.072 2.570 9 0.338 0.254 0.449

Tonnacypris lutaria (Koch 1838) - 2 - 2 0.650 0.119 1.433 ------

Heterocypris cf. salina (Brady, 1868) Hsal 1 18 18 37 4.919 2.828 8.152 43 2.089 0.741 5.888 4 1.942 1.137 3.316

Heterocypris cf. incongruens (Ramdohr, 1808) Hinc - 2 2 4 3.595 1.758 6.657 56 1.147 0.513 2.570 3 0.440 0.223 0.868

Heterocypris reptans (Kaufmann, 1900) Hrep 1 4 3 8 2.006 0.316 5.864 ------

Hemicypris reticulata (Klie, 1930) Hret - 3 - 3 1.984 0.011 7.809 ------

Humphcypris subterranea (Hartmann, 1964) Hsub - 7 17 24 3.186 1.412 6.263 ------

Herpetocypris chevreuxi Sars, 1896 Hche 1 5 2 8 3.401 1.335 7.292 4 0.245 0.098 0.617 - - - -

Psychrodromus sp. Psyc - 1 3 4 0.391 0.255 0.541 ------

Cypridopsis vidua (O.F. Müller, 1776) Cvid 1 16 4 21 2.507 0.948 5.312 42 1.259 0.490 3.236 3 0.405 0.332 0.494

Cypridopsis elongata (Kaufmann, 1900) - 1 - 1

Plesiocypridopsis newtoni (Brady & Robertson, 1870) - 1 - 3 5.129 1.995 13.183

Potamocypris arcuata (Sars, 1903) Parc 1 4 - 5 0.717 0.331 1.215 2 2.951 0.912 9.550 13 0.446 0.147 1.355

Potamocypris smaragdina (Vávra, 1891) Psma 1 2 1 4 1.927 0.126 6.608 ------

ILYOCYPRIDIDAE

Ilyocypris spp. (I. inermis Kaufmann,1900, Ilyo 2 13 14 29 2.652 1.057 5.482 ------

and I. bradyi Sars, 1890)*

Ilyocypris hartmanni Lerner-Seggev, 1968 Ihar 1 2 - 3 0.652 0.422 0.919 ------

Ilyocypris salebrosa Stepanaitys, 1959 - 1 - 1

DARWINULIDAE

Darwinula stevensoni (Brady & Norman, 1870) Dste 2 14 13 29 2.801 1.166 5.670 13 1.230 0.501 3.020 - - - -

CYTHERIDEIDAE

Cyprideis torosa (Jones, 1850) forma littoralis Ctol 1 15 18 34 4.561 2.753 7.240 21 31.623 12.023 83.176 - - - -

Cyprideis torosa (Jones, 1850) forma torosa Ctot 1 6 7 14 3.515 2.211 5.348

LIMNOCYTHERIDAE

Limnocythere inopinata (Baird, 1843) Lino 1 7 - 8 2.412 0.832 5.357 6 2.455 1.148 5.248 68 2.287 0.583 8.976

Gomphocythere ortali Martens, 1993 Gort - 1 2 3 0.373 0.318 0.431 ------

LEPTOCYTHERIDAE

Leptocythere sp. - - 1 1