1, 4, 5 Bifurcation

2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11Ridge end

6core


Types of prints.

A print is not only made of a collection of lines but the all the lines together make a special figure. And there are not so very much different figures as you would presume.

Tentarch: Like the Arch but with a rising stick in the middle.

Loop: The lines coming from one site returning in the middle to the te same side

Double loop: Like the loop but with two loops inside, one standing one hanging

Pocked loop: Like the loop but with a small circle in the turning point

Whorl: The lines are making circles

Mixed figure: Composed with different figures

CYANOACRYLATE FUMING METHOD

BLACK POWDER METHOD

Comparison pictures

EXPLOSIVES

Smokeless powder analysis





Photograph A was taken in a large disused warehouse which was frequented by vandals. Three suspects were arrested after a large blaze in the far end of the warehouse. Their defence was based upon a story that the fire began accidentally while they were skylarking. The photograph shows a wall approximately 50 meters from the main seat of fire where a second seat of fire was located. At the second seat of fire the smoke deposits on the wall which originated from the large seat of fire had burnt indicating there were two entirely unconnected seats of fire which burnt simultaneously. The defendant's story of an accidental fire could not be believed.


Photograph B shows the radiator hose from a car whose engine had erupted in fire while being driven through a small country shopping centre. The elderly occupants explained they had the car regularly serviced and drove to town only once a week. The unusual damage to the exterior of the hose could only have been made by a deliberate cut or by a gnawing animal. The burnt remains of a rat's nest comprising of snail shells, twigs, grass and rat droppings was found nearby on the heat shield above the exhaust manifold. The rats had chewed through the exterior of the hose and the interior sheathing then fractured as a result of pressure causing the engine to overheat and ignite the rat's nest. The photograph reveals the cause of the fire - a true "Clincher".

Forensic Science Resources in a Criminal Fact Investigation

Journals

a)Journal of the American Forensic Association [serial]. PN4177 .A45, CALL NUMBER: K 10 .O9744

b)Forensic science international. DATABASE

Sites

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

1)Journal of Forensic Sciences, (American Academy of Forensic Sciences at

2)Canadien Society of Forensic Science (

3)Forensic Science Abstracts

4)Forensic Science International

5)Forensic Science Review

6)Science & Justice - The Journal of the Forensic Science Society

7)Problems of Forensic Science Institute of Forensic Research Publishers ISSN 1230-7483

Publications lists:

KARTOO -- ANALYSIS OF DRUGS CHEMICALS

--marijuana fungus

Overpressured Layer Chromatography --1) Toxicological Drug Screening by OPLC I.Ojaperä,K.Goebel, and E.Vuori J.Liq. Chromatogr. & Rel.Technol.,22, (1),161-171 (1999) 2) Overpressured Layer Chromatography, E.Mincsovics, K. Ferenczi-Fodor, & E. Tyih'ak, J. Sherma, & B. Fried, (Eds.), in Handbook ofThin-Layer Chromatography, Marcel Dekker, New York, (1996), Ch. 7., pp. 171-203 3)

-- Vacutainer selection --Journal of Analytical Toxicology, ISSN 0146-4760, Volume 25, Number 5, July/August, pp. 339-343 Stefan W. Toennes* and Gerold F. Kauert

Analysis of Variance for drug testing --

Internal standards for MS testing --

References for drug analysis --

DNA analysis

Kaplan's interactive class

-- general references

Hair Drug Testing Bibliography

Analysis of hair for cocaine -- = International Research on Standards and Technology, 1995, p. 91-120. NIH Publication No. 95-3727

Drug testing in hair / edited by Pascal Kintz. RB47.5 .D78 1996

Ink and Paper

Forensic examination of ink and paper / by Richard L. Brunelle and Robert W. Reed.

Published: c1984. HV8073 .B73 1984

Paints and Pigments

The forensic examination of paints and pigments, by David A. Crown. TP936.5 .C7

Instrumental Methods of Analysis

High-performance liquid chromatography in forensic chemistry / edited by Ira S. Lurie, John D. Wittwer, Jr. HV8073 .H53 1983

GC-MS guide to ignitable liquids / Reta Newman, Michael Gilbert, Kevin Lothridge.

HV8073 .N47 1998