2005 Chicago Open
Round 3 Tossups
1. The model of baroclinic instability explains how large-scale waves in the mid-latitude atmosphere transport heat and this quantity. Feynman’s paradox involves the seeming non-conservation of this quantity in certain situations involving electromagnetic fields. Precession occurs when a force acts on a body in which this quantity must be conserved. Kepler’s second law is equivalent to this statement, which can also be derived by applying Noether’s theorem to rotational invariance. FTP, what is this quantity, most commonly calculated as the cross product of the radial vector and the linear momentum?
Answer: angular momentum
2. The first act introduces us to the offstage and now dead character of Baron Arnheim and also the anglophile sap Vicomte de Nanjac. The final act sees the only appearance of the butler Phipps and begins the plot resolution with mention of the protagonist’s denunciation of a building scheme in Argentina. This is related by Lord Caversham, whose son is the protagonist’s good friend and eventual husband of the protagonist’s sister Mabel in the end. This coincides with the comeuppance given to the attempted blackmailer Mrs. Cheveley and the reunion of Lady Gertrude and Sir Robert Chiltern. FTP, name this Oscar Wilde play, whose title refers to Lady Gertrude’s standards for her mate.
Answer: An Ideal Husband
3. His administration was marked by what he termed “New Course” policy, which he typified by gaining control of Heligoland in exchange for the namesake island via the Zanzibar Treaty. His Slovenian heritage and agrarian opposition to his reciprocal trade agreements led to the loss of half his duties to Botho Eulenberg, and both were fully dismissed two years later over their arguments on the criminal code, the Umsturz Vorlage [vore-laa-guh]. This was particularly bitter as he was succeeded by archrival Hohenloe-Schillingfurst. FTP, name this man who succeeded Bismarck as German chancellor perhaps best known for the piece of land he gained in northeast Namibia.
Answer: Leo Caprivi (or Graf von Caprivi)
4. At one point two of the characters agree that they both possess the three crucial qualities – knowledge, good will, and frankness – to be qualified to examine a soul for good and evil. This follows a discussion on power in which the claim that power is good for its possessor is made by Polus. Only the opening sections feature the involvement of Chaerephon, whereas Callichles, whose house forms the setting, is involved throughout. One of the most famous claims is that “rhetoric is a form of cookery” in this last of the Athenian dialogues of Plato. FTP, name this detailed study of virtue, much of which consists of discussion between Socrates and the titular Sophist.
Answer: Gorgias
5. Despite tearing his ACL in the tournament, he became the highest pick from his school since David Greenwood. He had a starring role in an episode on the fifth season of Arliss and also appeared on the Weakest Link during halftime of the games in the 2001 finals. In his first season he broke the rookie franchise record set by the inimitable Kendall Gill, and in his sixth and most recent season was traded for Speedy Claxton and Dale Davis. After the trade he led his team to an 18-10 record, playing alongside Adonal Foyle, Mike Dunleavy, and Jason Taylor. FTP, name this current Golden State point guard, better-known or his six seasons as the Hornets point guard.
Answer: Baron Davis
6. Antimycin is an antibiotic that works by inhibiting function between two of them, and azide, cyanide, and carbon monoxide are poisonous because they bind irreversibly to the a grouping of the first two. The fourth is the only one that is soluble, while the sixth is of still unknown function. The first two exist alongside two copper centers, and a later one in the sequence is reduced by accepting reducing equivalents from Coenzyme Q. FTP, name these heme-containing molecules that make up the “c” and “b-c-1” complexes, a group of proteins that help carry out electron transport during oxidative phosphorylation.
Answer: cytochromes
7. It opens by introducing a series of accessory characters at the Gausse Hotel, including the Englishman Campion, Mr. Dumphry, and the McKiscos. The protagonist of this novel later finds out that his marriage was partly arranged by Baby, his wife’s elder sister. By the end of the novel he has released his wife to her lover, Tommy Barban. The protagonist had already undertaken his own affair, with the young actress Rosemary Hoyt. He also sold his share in the Swiss clinic he owned, and where he had first met his schizophrenic wife, Nicole Warren. The moral weakening of Dick Diver is thus chronicled in, FTP, what F. Scott Fitzgerald novel?
Answer: Tender is the Night
8. One was a son of Penda who married the princess Osthryth. Another led his people to victories at Ecestun and Maeretun but died during Easter of that year. The best-known ordered a famous massacre on St. Brice’s Day, and according to a probably apocryphal story told by William of Malmesbury, defecated in the baptismal font as a child. He married Emma of Normandy and had a defeat of his troops memorialized in poem at the Battle of Maldon. The half-brother of Edward the Martyr, he came to the throne upon the death of his father Edgar. FTP, give this common name, the last of whom was succeeded by his son Edmund Ironside, an English king whose plague of Danish invasions led to his nickname of the “Unready”
Answer: Aethelred [respectively Aethelred of Mercia, Aethlred I King of Wessex, and Ethelred II the Unready]
9. He worked on musical dramas for three years, but both Alfonso and Estrella and Fierabras were refused for performance. His “Ave Maria” is set not to the religious prayer but to the text of a Sir Walter Scott poem, and Shakespeare was the basis for the “Hark! Hark! the Lark” and “Who is Sylvia?” Among his other late works are his Tantum Ergo, his Song of Miriam, and his Piano Sonata in G, originally published without his title of “Fantasia.” The latter was meant to be a companion piece to his earlier “Wanderer Fantasy,” but he is best known for works in the genre off The Lovely Mill Maid and Winter’s Journey. FTP, name this composer of Gretchen at the Spinning Wheel, numerous song cycles, and an “Unfinished” symphony.
Answer: Franz Schubert
10. It ends by dismissing “Puritan divines and their use by successful modern egoists” and by characterizing the place of the “misfit” in society. This book borrowed from another field, psychiatry, in categorizing two groups as megalomaniacal and paranoid and yet another subject, Nietzsche’s philosophy, in categorizing two different groups as Apollonian and Dionysian. The author begins by explaining how race-prejudice blinds us in academic study in the first chapter “Science of Custom” and argues that a group’s society is an integrated whole, a “personality writ large.” To this end, the author contrasts the Dobu of Melanesia, the Kwakiutl, and the Pueblo Indians. FTP, name this 1934 anthropological work by Ruth Benedict.
Answer: Patterns of Culture
11. One of them is a torus in the xy-plane with two bulges lying along the z-axis, while the others are composed of four lobes lying in the same plane. They can only exist for n > 2, as they are defined by the angular quantum number being equal to 2. As there are five of them in total, they can be occupied by a total of 10 particles, and , they first appear in scandium, the first transition metal. FTP, what are these orbitals, the third type of atomic orbitals?
Answer: d-orbitals
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12. Its author used several quotations from Disraeli’s Tancred because of a similar journey taken by this novel’s protagonist. Inspired by an encounter with Byron’s grand niece gambling in Hamburg, it played on the reader’s prejudices with a conclusion that is hinted at by Sir Hugo and Lady Mallinger’s late conversation as well the Meyrick girls’ acceptance of the title character’s romance. Characters from the early installments, like the musician Klesmer, were more popular than succeeding figures like Jacob and Mordechai, and the title character’s decision to marry Mirah Cohen rather than Gwendolen Harleth produced the most disapproval. FTP, name this work in which the title character plans to help find a Jewish homeland, the final novel by George Eliot.
Answer: Daniel Deronda [Gwendolen Harleth is modeled on Byron’s grand niece]
13. Henri, Comte de Paris, the pretender to the French throne married Isabelle of both the house of Orleans and this house. The Italian born Rosario Poidimani called himself its true heir around the same time. One member of it, commonly known as Princess Barbara, was a student and patron of Domenico Scarlatti. It became the most powerful duchy its country after the battle of Alfarobeirra and became a ruling house in 1640. It merged with the English royal line when another member, Catherine, became the queen consort of Charles II. FTP, name this ruling dynasty which, until 1910, was in power in Portugal.
Answer: House of Braganza
14. It was initially set up in a space used as a cemetery and was completed while the artist was working on the High Altar of St. Anthony. Below it are two reliefs also created by the artist, and below the reliefs are a set of doors meant to symbolize the path to Hades. One relief shows two angels holding some armor, while the other shows the same two angels pointing to the title figure’s coat of arms. It was the primary reason for the artist’s trip to Padua and resulted from a commission in Erasmo da Narmi’s will. The resultant work was given Erasmo’s nickname, meaning “cunning cat,” and finished in 1450. FTP, name this sculpture on a pedestal, an equestrian statue by Donatello.
Answer: Gattamelata (prompt on “cunning cat” or “tricky cat”)
15. Among those equated with him was the deity Horagalles. His stepson lived in the hall Ydalir and succeeded Njord as Skadi’s husband. Another child was the maiden Lora, and yet another child was promised to a figure who he turned into stone, the dwarf Alvis. He was served by Roskva in his hall of Bilskirnir, and on occasions he went outside he was accompanied by Roskva’s brother, Thialfi. Two of his children were fathered with his mistress Jarnsaxa, the boys Magni and Modi, and Thrud was fathered with his wife Sif. FTP, name this son of Odin, the possessor of Mjollnir and Norse god of thunder.
Answer: Thor
16. Like the Kirkwood gaps in the asteroid belt, it is believed to be maintained by gravitational resonances, in its case with the moon Mimas. Measuring approximately 4800 km wide, its name is somewhat of a misnomer, as it is not completely empty, but merely looks so in comparison to the two objects it separates, which are labeled B and A. Discovered in 1675, FTP, what is this largest and most prominent gap in Saturn’s rings named for its Italian discoverer?
Answer: Cassini division
17. This novel’s protagonist works alongside a group he calls “New York émigrés” and once added an initial to his name to gain more prestige. It ends with his description of the local supermarket, which rearranged its aisles causing great confusion in town. This happens after the protagonist obtained a gun from his father-in-law Vernon Hickey and used the gun to shoot a man whose identity he learns to be Willie Mink. Mink had been the man who had an affair with Babette, the protagonist’s wife, in exchange for providing the “psychopharmaceutical” drug Dylar. All of these events take place after the “Airborne Toxic Event” that takes place halfway through the novel’s chapters. FTP, name this work about the information overload experienced by Professor of Hitler Studies Jack Gladney, a novel by Don DeLillo.
Answer: White Noise
18. The infestation of this body of water with duckweed plant has become a national crisis. The major cities along it include its namesake one and Cabimas, and it is spanned by one of the world’s longest bridges, the Urdaneta bridge. It is situated just southwest of the Segovia Highlands and has many rivers flowing into it, the largest of which is the Catatumbo. It is connected to the sea by a 34-mile strait and is in the center of one of the world’s richest petroleum-producing regions. FTP, name this largest natural lake on its continent, a lake in northwestern Venezuela.
Answer: Lake Maracaibo
19. Lawson’s criterion is one of the two conditions that must be met in order for this to be sustainable, the other being a sufficiently high temperature. The National Ignition Facility takes one of the approaches to meeting Lawson’s criterion by maximizing the density through the principle of inertial confinement; the other, increasing the time of confinement, is exemplified by magnetic confinement such as in tokamaks. FTP, what is this process that aims to generate energy by combining together nuclei?
Answer: thermonuclear fusion
20. He served as a senior partner of the powerful New York law firm Sullivan & Cromwell and was a co-founder of the Federal Council of Churches, which might have influenced his son being the first American priest to be appointed directly to cardinal. His first political experience was as legal council to the U.S. delegation at Versailles, and during his time as an adviser to Arthur Vandenberg he helped draft the preamble to the UN Charter. He had already served as Dewey’s foreign policy adviser in the 1944 campaign and six years later released War or Peace, his criticism of Truman’s use of containment. He articulated his own approach in an article for Life defining the policy of brinkmanship and his anti-USSR stance. FTP, name this man who served as Eisenhower’s secretary of state.
Answer: John Foster Dulles