______

Kronos Porcelain Pavers Guide Specification

Kronos Porcelain Pavers incorporate the style and benefits of regular exterior porcelain tiles – exceptional stain resistance, scratch resistance, frost resistance and low maintenance – plus their extra thickness gives them exceptional strength. A 3/4-inch-thick porcelain paver will support more than 2100 lbs, yet weighs much less than a similar size concrete paver, so is much easier to transport, deliver to site and install.

Porcelain Pavers offer an outstanding solution for balconies, patios and terraces, and rooftop decks, commercial plazas and municipal landscaping projects.

Porcelain Pavers may be installed over sand, gravel or even grass – without any adhesives, grout or specialized labor. But due to their exceptional strength, they are especially useful for building elevated or rooftop decks, supported only by fixed or adjustable pedestals. Pavers may also be installed over 3/4- inch-high rubber support pads. For vehicular applications, Porcelain Pavers can be laid over a reinforced concrete base with thinset mortar and grouted.

Kronos was one of the first companies to introduce the concept of Porcelain Pavers into the US market and more recently commenced the production even in USA of Porcelain Pavers from Italy. The current range includes more than 20 colors of Porcelain Pavers manufacturers and stocked in warehouses in Italy and 14 colors manufacturers and stocked in warehouses in Clarksville TN.

For installation of the Porcelain Pavers in Decks on Grade e, Kronos supplies the Eterno™ range of Fixed Height Pad Supports, plastics spacers and accessories. For more information on Kronos products contact: Kronos ;

Eterno™ is a trademark of Eterno Ivica S.r.l.

This document is Copyright© 2016 Kronos Inc.

PORCELAIN PATIO PAVERS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1SECTIONINCLUDES

A.Porcelain PatioPavers.

B.Fixed Height Pedestal supports, spacers and pads for patiopavers.

RELATEDREQUIREMENT

A.Section 093013 "Ceramic Tiling" for ceramic floor and walltile.

B.Kronos Installation Guide & Details for Porcelain Pavers 02HB

C.Kronos Cleaning Advice for Porcelain Pavers

D.Kronos Maintenance Advice

SUMMARY

  1. Supplies and place base course.
  2. Supplies and place sand laying course.
  3. Supplies and install Porcelain Pavers in quality, shape, thickness and color as specified.
  4. Supplies and install Cleaners, and Polymeric and Joint sand stabilizer
  5. Supplies Fixed Height Pedestal/supports, spacers for Porcelain Patio Pavers.
  6. Supplies and install Edge Restraint.
  7. Supplies and install Adhesive and Grouting joint filling materials for outdoor Porcelain Patio Pavers.
  1. REFERENCESTANDARDS
  1. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Structural Engineering Institute(SEI):
  1. ASCE/SEI 7 - Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and OtherStructures.
  2. D698 Test methods for Moisture Density Relations of Soil and Soil Aggregate Mixtures Using a 5.5 lbs (24.4 N) Rammer and 12 in. (305 mm) drop.
  3. D1557 Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbs /ft3 ( 2,700 kN-m/m3).
  4. D 2940 Specification for Graded Aggregate Materials for Bases or Sub-Bases for Highways or Airports
  5. D1883 Test Method for California Bearing Ratio of Laboratory –Compacted Soils
  1. D5261 Standard Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of Geotextiles
  2. D4632 Standard Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles
  3. D4491 Standard Test Method for Water Permeability of Geotextiles, Geomembranes and related products.
  4. D4483 Standard Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance of Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products
  5. U.S Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design ( LEED)
  1. ASTM International(ASTM):
  1. ASTM E 108 - Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of RoofCoverings
  2. ASTM E 1980 - Standard Practice for Calculating Solar Reflectance Index of Horizontal and Low-Sloped OpaqueSurfaces
  1. PREINSTALLATIONMEETINGS
  1. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct conference at Project site as part of patio conference in coordination with installers of relatedwork.
  1. Coordinate patio substrate protection installation, patio drain locations, and other elements affecting porcelain patiopavers.
  1. QUALITYASSURANCE
  1. Installer Qualifications: Experienced Installer with record of successful in-service performance of similar installations, and approved in writing by patio pavermanufacturer.


  1. Mockups: Build mockup in size and location indicated on Drawings, or if not indicated plus edge condition. Demonstrate methods and details ofinstallation.
  1. Approval of mockup does not relieve Contractor of responsibility to comply with all requirements of contractdocuments.
  2. Approved mockup may become part of installation if approved byArchitect.
  1. ACTIONSUBMITTALS
  1. Product Data: Manufacturer’s product data for specified products indicating compliance with requirements.
  1. Shop Drawings: Provide shop drawings. Include full plans showing porcelain patio paver and porcelain patio paver supports layout, adjacent construction and penetrations, and details of each condition of installation andattachment.
  1. Include data indicating compliance with performancerequirements.
  2. Indicate points of supporting structure and other construction elements that must coordinate with patio paverinstallation.


  1. Sustainable DesignSubmittals:
  1. Product data indicating thefollowing:
  1. Percentages by weight of post-consumer and pre-consumer recycledcontent.
  2. Total weight of productsprovided.
  1. Product Test Reports: For patio materials, documentation indicating that patio materials comply with Solar Reflectance Indexrequirements.
  1. Samples for Initial Selection: For each product specified, when selection is specified. Provide representative charts of manufacturer's full range of patterns andcolors.
  1. Samples for Verification: Provide manufacturer's standard size porcelain patio paversamples.
  1. INFORMATIONALSUBMITTALS
  1. Installerqualifications.

C.Product Test Reports: Indicating compliance of products with performance requirements, from a qualified independent testingagency.

D.Manufacturer's Warranty: Submit samplewarranty.

1.2CLOSEOUTSUBMITTALS

A.Maintenancedata.

B.Executedwarranty.

1.3MAINTENANCE MATERIALSUBMITTALS

A.Furnish extra materials matching installed products, packaged with protective covering, with labels indicatingcontents.

1.Porcelain Patio Pavers: Furnish full size units in quantity equal to 3 percent of number of units installed, for each type, pattern, color, andsize.

2.Porcelain Patio Paver Supports and spacer: Furnish units in quantity equal to 3 percent of number of units installed, for each type and size. Include manufacturer-furnished adjustmenttool.

1.4DELIVERY, STORAGE, ANDHANDLING

A.Protect products during shipping, handling, and storage to prevent staining, chipping, deterioration of components or otherdamage.

1.5WARRANTY

A.Manufacturer's Warranty: On Manufacturer's standard form, in which Manufacturer and Installer jointly agree to replace porcelain patio pavers and porcelain patio paver supports that fail in materials or workmanship within three years of substantialcompletion.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1MANUFACTURERS

A.Basis of Design: Provide listed porcelain roof pavers meeting requirements of this Section, available from Kronos; ; comparable products of a manufacturer listed in thisSection] and distributed by Reading Rock, Inc.

1.Contact:
Reading Rock, Inc.
4600 Devitt Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45246
800.482.6466

B.Substitutions: [In accordance with Instructions to Bidders and Division 01 General Requirements] [Notallowed].

C.Source Limitations: Obtain each type of roof paver and roof paver support products from a single source with resources to provide materials and products of consistent quality in appearance and physicalproperties.

2.2PERFORMANCEREQUIREMENTS

A.DelegatedDesign:Engageaqualifiedprofessionalengineertodesignporcelain patiopaverinstallation.

Kronos Products Performance: porcelain patio paver system shall withstand the effects of gravity loads and the following loads and stresses within limits and under conditionsindicated:

1.Floors: Uniform load of 125 lbs/sq. ft. or concentrated load of 2000 lbs, whichever produces the greaterstress.

2.Walkways and Elevated Platforms Other Than Exits: Uniform load of 60 lbs/sq.ft.

3.Walkways and Elevated Platforms Used as Exits: Uniform load of 100 lbs/sq.ft.


4.AllRoofZones(Corner,Perimeter,andField-of-Roof)UpliftPressures:Asindicatedon

Drawings.

5.Roof Zone 1 (Field-of-Roof) Uplift Pressure: <Insert pressure> lbs /sq.ft.

6.RoofZone2(Perimeter)UpliftPressure:<Insertpressure>lbs/sq.ft.,locatedwithin

<Insert dimension> feet of roof perimeter.

7.RoofZone3(Corners)UpliftPressure:<Insertpressure>lbs/sq.ft.,locatedwithin

<Insert dimension> feet of roof outside corner.


B.Solar Reflectance Index (SRI): SRI not less than [78] when calculated according to ASTM E1980.

C.Combustion Characteristics: Porcelain Patio Paver system shall meet Class A flame spread requirements of ASTM E 108 when tested by a qualified independent testing laboratory acceptable to authorities havingjurisdiction.

2.2PORCELAIN PATIO PAVERS

A.Kronos Porcelain Patio Pavers: Porcelain Pavers, abrasion, freeze/thaw, chemical, and stain- resistant, intended for exterior use on specified paversupports.

1.Basis of Design:Kronos, <Insert color or pattern name> [color and pattern as selected byArchitect].

2.Size: [24 by 24 inches] [24 by 48 inches] [48 by 16 inches] [36 by 18 inches],nominal.

3.Thickness: 3/4 inch,nominal.

4.Weight: 9 lb/sq.ft


PORCELAIN PAVER SUPPORTS AND SPACERS

A-Fixed Height Pad Supports: SBR rubber cushioning pads of varying thickness with shims and spacers, accommodating height adjustments from 3/8 inch to 1-1/2 inch, with top fitting providing support for specifiedpavers.

1.Basis of Design Product:Kronos Fixed Height Porcelain PaverSupports.

2.Load Capacity: Not less than 1,500lb.

3.Paver Spacer Tabs: 5/32 inch (4mm).

4.Shims: Support manufacturer'sstandard.

PART 3 – EXECUTION DECKS/PATIO ON GRADE

3.1EXAMINATION

A.Examine substrates and conditions, with Installer present, for compliance with manufacturer's requirementsforinstallationtolerancesandotherconditionsaffectingperformanceoftheWork.

B.Proceedwithinstallationonlyafterunsatisfactoryconditionshavebeencorrected.

C.Any substrate soil that is to receive Porcelain Patio pedestal/support/spacers and the Porcelain Patio Pavers shall be adequately compacted and have positive drainage slope. A “walkway gravel” base ie: ¼” Minus should be installed and compacted at support/pedestal/spacers and patio paver locations. The substrate that is to receive Porcelain Patio Pavers and Porcelain Patio pedestal/support/spacer must have slope and provide adequate drainage in accordance with good building practice and applicable building codes.

D.A wall or perimeter containment an all open sides are required. Install structural containment that restrains the entire patio system

3.2PREPARATION

A.Coordinate placement of protection sheet at roof paver supports with work of patiosection.

B.Lay out patio paver and patio paver support locations and mark for application of protection sheet.

3.3INSTALLATION, PORCELAIN PATIO PAVERSUPPORTS

A.General: Set Porcelain Patio Paver pedestal/supports/spacers in locations coordinated with approved patio paver layout. Install in accordance with support manufacturer's written instructions and approved submittals. Adjust patio paver support prior to, and following, installation of patio pavers. Shim where fine adjustment is necessary using manufacturer-provided shims set inadhesive. Install in accordance with Kronos and other contributing manufacturer’s instructions. Installation requirements vary for each individual project site. Patio Pavers, pattern, grid layout, starting point. And finished elevation should on plan view shop drawings, which have been prepared and approved by the designer, installing contractor and7or owner.

B.Tolerances for PORCELAIN PATIO PaverSupports:

1.Maximum of 1/16-inch height variation between adjacent patio pavers.

2.Individual patio pavers shall not vary more than 1/16 inch from level across width of the paver.

3.Paved areas shall not vary more than 1/4 inch from level in a distance of 10 feet measured at any location and in anydirection.

3.4INSTALLATION,PORCELAIN PATIO PAVERS

A.Install patio pavers according to manufacturer's written instructions and approved shop drawings.Setinplaceusingplacementmethodsthatresultinstableinstallationfreefrom rocking using sound roof pavers with no edge or surface damage.

B.Any area of the deck/patio that is not restrained by a foundation wall must be “boxed in “and contained. The decks/patio pavers will move if all sides are not adequately restrained.

C.Perimeter framing and edging boards located at the outside at the deck/patio perimeter must be installed to provide restraint. No movement should be allowed at the perimeter of the deck/patio system greater than one tab width.

D.Inspect often during installation to assure that grid spacers lines are being maintained in a straight and consistent pattern and that Porcelain pavers are level and not rocking.Unless otherwise specified in writing to allow for expansion, inspect to assure that all porcelain pavers spacing between porcelain pavers and at perimeter walls does not exceed a tab width. Particular attention should be made to assure that all pedestrian entry or access points to the Deck/Patio are level and that the deck/patio pavers surfaces are not randomly raised or uneven creating a tripping or safety hazard.

E.Check for rocking Porcelain pavers and adjust it immediately. Periodically check spacers tabs and immediately replace broken tabs to limit deck/patio movement. Make sure the edge restraint stays intact and structurally sound.

3.5CLEANING ANDPROTECTION

A.Remove and replace loose, chipped, broken, stained or otherwise damaged roof pavers, or if patio pavers do not match adjoining units or pattern indicated onDrawings.

B.Cleaning: Remove soiling from exposed patio paver surfaces, wash and scrub clean. Leave joints between patio pavers open and clean of debris to allow for proper drainage and airflow.

C.Provide final protection and maintain patio pavers without damage or deterioration at time of substantialcompletion.

D.Extra Materials:Deliver supply of maintenance materials to the owner. Furnish not less than 3% maintenance materials from same lot as materials installed, and enclose in protective packaging with appropriate identifying labels.

E.Maintenance and care:The patio/deck owner must perform routine maintenance of the patio/deck.The substrate and or surface shall be clean and free of any projections and debris which may impair the performance of the Porcelain Pavers Patio system.

END OF SECTION

______

Kronos 2 ceramiche S.p.A.

Sede Amm.va: 41042 FIORANO MODENESE (Mo) ITALY - Via Monte Bianco, 3

Tel. (0536) 92.77.11 - Fax (0536) 84.56.08 - Cod. Fisc./Part. IVA IT 01935150365

- e-mail: