Chicago Open 2012: The Reins of History Back in the Hands of Man
(Packet by Ike Jose, Kurtis Droge, Doug Graebner, Marshall Steinbaum)
Tossups
1. A father holds the small hand of his daughter as his wife plays a stringed instrument in this artist’s Family of Edward Lloyd. A woman in blue and pink dress holds a sword and stands next to the mouth of a cave in his portrait, Nancy Hallam as Cymbeline. One of his works has a young man holding a walking stick and a palette as his brother looks down at the viewer from an illusionistic staircase.Another canvas shows a man climbing a ladder in the foreground while holding a cartouche with a bone on it, as men stand waist-deep in water below an enormous mechanical crane. A red curtain is lifted by the title figure in his canvas The Artist and His Museum, while a portrait of his shows a man leaning with his hand on a bronze cannon. This artist of The Staircase Group and Exhuming the Mastodon painted George Washington at the Battle of Princeton. FTP, identify this man who named his sons Rembrandt, Raphael, and Titian.
ANSWER: Charles Wilson Peale
2. This reaction follows a Wohl-Ziegler bromination in the synthesis of Bryostatin I. Aspinall et. al. reported on an improvement to this reaction using a cyclic pentamer of ethylene oxide and using a base of sodium hydride. Paul and Gupta developed a way to catalyze this reaction with zinc in the absence of a base. In some cases, silver or iodine salts can be added to improve this reaction’s rate, and this reaction usually involves the in situ production of an alkoxide ion using either a metal hydride or a carbonate base. The key step in this reaction is the removal of a halogen from one of the starting componentsfollowing nucleophilic attack by an alkoxide ion to form its primary product. Discovered in 1850 by its American namesake, FTP, name this method of ether synthesis.
ANSWER: Williamson Ether Synthesis
3. This novel’s protagonist is surprised when, after deciding to forgo a secret marriage in London, she returns home to find her father remarried to the wealthy widow Mrs. Troyton. The two love interests of that protagonist are contrasted in styles of playing chess; one she's able to easily defeat, while she gets mad at the other after he refuses to let her beat him. In a climactic scene, the protagonist is forced to take off her underwear and use them to pull up another character, preventing him from falling off a cliff. Stephen Smith travels to India to make a fortune and win the respect of the protagonist, who ends up falling for Stephen’s one-time mentor, Henry Knight. FTP, name this Thomas Hardy novel about Elfride Swancourt, who has the two title features on her face.
ANSWER: A Pair of Blue Eyes
4. An archaeological site in this nation called the Bradshaw paintings has a depiction of a boat housing 29 people. A mission was set up in this country by a man called "The Bishop with 150 Wives," whose real name was Francis Xavier Gsell. This country is the subject of two narratives by Watkin Tench as well as Inga Clendinnen's revisionist history text Dancing with Strangers. A method of cultivation practiced here was dubbed “fire-stick farming” by Rhys Jones. This country witnessed the Coniston Massacre, and Donald Thomson investigated the mass rape of its Yolngu peoples during the Caledon Bay Crisis. Also the site of a massacre at Myall Creek, the residents of this country waged the Black War with Europeans beginning in 1804, and practice the art of bark painting. FTP, name this country where Kevin Rudd later officially apologized to Aboriginal peoples.
ANSWER: Australia
5. This work cites moss and comets as examples of “Bordering Instances” because one holds a place between putrescence and plant, and the other holds a place between stars and meteors. One section claims all philosophical minds are defined by whether they're prone to look for similarities or differences in things. The preface addresses “true sons of knowledge” to propose two sets of methods called “Anticipation of the Mind” and “Interpretation of Nature.” This work attacks syllogisms since they're substitutes for thoughts in its first book, which outlines two manifestations of a concept: the names of things that do not exist, or unsuitably vague names for things such as the term “earth.” This work describes misconceptions where a person solely trusts his own experience as man living in “a cave of his own,” which is listed along with the “marketplace” and the “theatre" as descriptive beliefs referred to as "idols." Written as the second part of it's author's Great Instauration, FTP, name this philosophical treatise which purports to update the ideas of Aristotle, written by Francis Bacon.
ANSWER: Novum Organon
6. A relatively unknown sequel to this movie was directed by Michael Hurst and set at Cuesta Verde University, where a Professor played by Sid Haig creates a virus in an experiment gone horribly wrong. In one scene, the main characters shoot an aquarium filled with red liquid, while another equally ridiculous scene features the shooting of a wooden barrel of gunpowder, which causes the destruction of half of the house. Jurgen Pruchnow plays the captain at the beginning, and it includes a cheesy scene in which Castillo wears a mask of Greg, Cynthia’s boyfriend, after an escape from hordes of zombies. It opens with a voiceover by Rudy, played by Jonathan Cherry, who brags about going to “the rave of the year” on Isla del Muerte, only to find it deserted and taken over by zombies. FTP, name this Uwe Boll travesty based on a gun arcade franchise, which shares its name with a Dostoyevsky title.
ANSWER: House of the Dead
7. In Hindu astrology, it's very important to keep this close to your penis or vagina in order to appease the “malefic moon.” A Jewish demon called the Broxa bird steals this substance during the night. During the Agnistoma, it's customary to offer two golden bowls of this, to represent the divine will of life. According to the Golden Legend, Saint Cuthbert chopped off his own leg after yelling at his parents, then reattached it to his body by smearing this on it. In 1st Corinthians, Paul writes that this is more important than solid food, since his addressees are “of the flesh.” After Horus is blinded by Set, this restores his sight after it's obtained from the sycamore tree. Judaic dietary law cites Exodus 23:19 as evidence that meats should not be consumed with this. FTP, identify this substance which flows along with honey in the Land of Israel.
ANSWER: milk
8. In the aftermath of this battle, a satrap named Ptolemaeus declared the independence of Commagene. It resulted in the Nabataeans gaining supremacy over the Edomites. Prior to this battle, the upstart Arsacid dynasty had been contained north of the Elburz Mountains, but afterwards the region of Rhagiana fell to Mithridates I of Parthia. The losers in this battle later refused to pay tribute, sparking the Hasmonean uprising. Another element of the peace treaty resulting from this battle was a prohibition on naval projection into the Aegean. In its wake, hegemony over Anatolia was secured by King Eumenes II of Pergamum, and the Treaty of Apamea thwarted the efforts of Antiochus III to establish Alexander’s empire in Greece. FTP, name this 190 BC battle, which saw the Roman army squash the Seleucids.
ANSWER: Battle of Magnesia
9. In the earliest model of these features as a distinct phenomenon, their characteristic lagoon forms because hermatypic organisms attach to the outside of these features, depriving the inside of nutrients. By contrast, a more recent modification allows for vertical deposits thanks to sea-level fluctuations, especially in the Pliocene-Pleistocene, when submergence allowed for reef formation to fill the accommodation space. The northernmost one of these features is Kure, lying at present just south of the Darwin Point where the rate of physical subsidence that would cause these features to become seamounts is just equal to the rate of reef formation that keeps them in existence. FTP, name this type of island, formed by coral living atop a once-active volcano.
ANSWER: atoll
10. This author wrote about a time when he was “unbound, yet prison’d, fast” by the magic of being in love with a woman who “keeps the strangest creatures... she knows not how” in one poem. He wrote that “without Love, / the world isn’t the world” and wondered “Who’ll whisper to me, at what window / Will I see the sweet thing who’ll kindle me now” in the first of a series of poems beginning with a command to “Tell me you stones, O speak, you towering places!” This poet of “Lily’s Menagerie” described “the Poet’s sarcophagus” adorned with a book written about the “beauty of life” in another poem. He asked “Do you know the clouded mountain mass” and “Do you know the land where the lemon-trees grow” in a poem named after Mignon. This author of the collections Roman Elegies and Venetian Epigrams also wrote some plays like Gotz von Berlichingen. FTP, name this poet who wrote a scene in which a poem about Ossian is recited to Charlotte by Werther.
ANSWER: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
11. One work described by this adjective opens with a sprightly G major theme that is suddenly broken by E-flats. That single movement work in rondo form draws several musical motives from the composer’s earlier setting of Eichendorff’s poetry, but he never completed the planned later movements due to his entry into an insane asylum. This adjective also describes a work which opens with a trumpet call the composer heard while staying in some barracks. That work is Tchaikovsky’s opus 45, and this adjective also describes a serenade composed by Hugo Wolf. A symphony described by this adjective opens in A Major but ends in the parallel A minor, the first in the repertoire to do so. The second Clavier-Ubung features a concerto for harpsichord solo described by this adjective. The aforementioned symphony incorporates a saltarello dance in its final movement. FTP, name this adjective which describes a Concerto by Bach and a Symphony by Mendelssohn, which both reflect the influence of a certain European country.
NSWER: Italian [accept the answer in other languages]
12. Many participants in this campaign were offered passage aboard ships of William the Pig and Hugh the Iron, who were allegedly executed for attempting to kidnap the Holy Roman Emperor years later. This campaign’s leader insisted on riding in a cart so his hairs could be collected and preserved as relics - he'd earlier presented a letter to the King of France which he claimed was written by Christ. After starting at Saint-Denis, this campaign’s leader brought his followers to Marseilles, where they were housed for several days but met with disappointment when the sea refused to part, denying them a path to access the Holy Land. Led by Steven of Cloyes, who ignored the demand of king Philip II to cease this campaign, it ended disastrously when its ships were captured by Saracens and its followers sold into slavery. FTP, name this 1212 campaign, fueled by the brilliant notion that young people could totally recapture Jerusalem.
ANSWER: Children’s Crusades
13. Upon death, the pommel of this figure’s sword is replaced with a golden pommel that contained his tragic story. Merlin buried the scabbard of this man in a location only accessible by a very thin bridge of steel which no man could pass if they committed evil deeds. This man believes his death is near when he approaches a castle and hears a horn blowing. Earlier, that island castle was traversed by a relative that he would eventually kill, dressed in red armor. The Lady of the Lake demands that this knight be killed as payment for Excalibur, which leads this man to behead her in front of Arthur’s eyes. He takes on the quest of the knight that was murdered by Garlon. He was responsible for issuing the “Dolorous Stroke” with the Spear of Destiny, which turned King Pellam’s kingdom into the Wasteland. FTP, name this “Knight of the two swords,” who has a brother with almost the same name.
ANSWER: Sir Balin le Savage (not Balan! - demand that the player spell the answer unless they emphasize the IN portion of his name!)
14. In engineering, the transient solutions of problems arising from this mechanism are often plotted on Heisler Diagrams. Pomeranchuk predicted a quantum analogue of this process that was eventually termed “second sound.” For two-dimensional cases, one can divide up the region into a series of curvilinear squares and identify lines of symmetry before solving – that method is called flux plotting. This mechanism may be estimated to first order in systems with low Biot Numbers and Fourier Numbers. One formalism used to model this phenomenon is mathematically analogous to Fick’s laws and relates the flux with the product of a namesake coefficient usually symbolized k and the temperature gradient. FTP, name this mechanism of heat transfer in solid bodies, distinguished from radiation and convection.
ANSWER: conduction [prompt on "heat transfer" before mention]
15. This author’s shorter works include a chronicle of a high school boy’s love for the charmingly Gothic Emily Hohn, and a work narrated by Thomas of Cornwall in which the King stays in a tree and observes the love of Tristan and Ysolt. In addition to “Tales of Darkness and the Unknown, Vol XIV: The White Glove,” he wrote about Carl Hausman, who chases a baseball into the woods and finds the realm of Atlantis and the title figure in From the Realm of Morpheus. He collected his short stories in the books We Others and In the Penny Arcade, but he's best known for a novel about a guy who partners with Emmeline Vernon after starting out as a bellboy in the Vanderlyn Hotel, and it concludes with the failure of the Grand Cosmo Hotel. FTP, name this American author of the 1997 novel Martin Dressler.
ANSWER: Steven Millhauser