Quiz Chapter 3: The Biological Bases of Development (20 points)
Name ______
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or
answers the question.
1. The fertilized egg is called a
a. chromosome.
b. gamete.
c. fetus.
d. zygote.
2. Ideally, after the human sperm and egg unite to form the zygote, this new cell contains _____ chromosomes.
a. 26
b. 36
c. 46
d. 56
3. Which of the following is true of dizygotic twins?
a. They come from the same fertilized egg.
b. They share identical genetic information.
c. They result from one egg that divides after being fertilized by two separate sperm.
d. They are non-identical and do not share the same DNA.
4. In males, the cause of infertility is generally
a. STDs.
b. hormonal abnormalities.
c. structural abnormalities.
d. low sperm counts.
5. ______is a condition in which tissue normally found in the uterine area grows in other areas such as the fallopian tubes.
a. Vaginismus
b. Menopause
c. Endometriosis
d. Dyspareunia
6. Closed adoption refers to a situation where
a. a biological family member adopts a child.
b. the adoption choices are limited by factors of sex or race.
c. the adoption is controlled by the state.
d. the adopted child’s history is sealed by the court.
7. The process of cell division in which each chromosome is duplicated so that each cell receives a copy of each chromosome of the parent cell is
a. meiosis.
b. mitosis.
c. heterozygous.
d. homozygous.
8. Which of the following conclusions regarding the resistance to disease of males and females is true?
a. Structurally and functionally, males resist disease better than females.
b. Structurally and functionally, females resist disease better than males.
c. Structurally, males resist disease better than females.
d. Males are born with, and retain a biological superiority over females.
9. The ______pair of chromosomes are labeled the “sex chromosomes.”
a. 13th
b. 21st
c. 23rd
d. 46th
10. Our genetic information is contained in DNA, which is carried by the ______, which in turn make up the ______.
a. chromosomes; genes
b. genes; chromosomes
c. ribosomes, genes
d. messenger RNA; chromosomes
11. The color of an individual’s eyes is determined by their ______and expressed as their ______.
a. phenotype; genotype
b. genotype; phenotype
c. gene locus; allele
d. alleles; gene locus
12. DNA strands are connected by all of the following chemical rings except
a. guanine.
b. adenine.
c. cytosine.
d. fibrosine.
13. Heterozygous indicates that alleles are
a. different.
b. the same.
c. divided.
d. a mutation.
14. An abrupt change in genetic expression is referred to as
a. a mutation.
b. co-dominance.
c. incomplete dominance.
d. polygenic inheritance.
15. Chromosomal disorders are
a. deviations in the number of chromosomes an individual receives from the parents.
b. due to variations in alleles.
c. mutations.
d. related to co-dominant traits.
16. Hamilton was born with small hands, a large tongue, mental retardation, heart defects, and a curiously distinctive set of facial features. Hamilton most likely suffers from
a. Tay-Sachs.
b. PKU.
c. Down Syndrome.
d. Turner syndrome.
17. In humans, males have an ______chromosome combination, and females have an ______chromosome combination.
a. XX; XY
b. XY; XX
c. XX; XX
d. XY; XY
18. Maria is short in stature, has poorly developed secondary sex characteristics, and is sterile. Her doctor explained that she has a chromosomal abnormality called ______syndrome, which involves an ______chromosomal pattern.
a. Down; XX
b. Turner; XO
c. Klinefelter; XYY
d. fragile X; XY
19. Shana has a genetic disorder that requires frequent transfusions because her red blood cells tend to clump in the capillaries, causing oxygen starvation and intense pain. Shana is suffering from
a. hemophilia.
b. pernicious anemia.
c. Tay-Sachs disorder.
d. sickle-cell anemia.
20. In the United States, the most severe genetic disease of childhood is ______, which causes a malfunction of the exocrine glands.
a. Tay-Sachs disease
b. sickle-cell anemia
c. cystic fibrosis
d. phenylketonuria
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