AP U.S. History; Political System Under Strain; Study Guide
“Where are we at” as a country by 1893? Davidson, et al. say that the Columbian Exposition in Chicago, 1893, was not reality. How is that related to the previous two chapter themes that we’ve studied?
Examine the graph on page 597.What is the main idea of that graph? / So, given what the graph tells you is happening with voting, what are the results of that trend?
Democrats characteristics / Republicans characteristics
List: / List:
Union Army veterans were receiving $157 million annually
Federal Workforce changes:
Federal workers want: / _____ the Pendleton Act is passed.
Define it:
Democrats on the tariff:
Republicans on the tariff: / _____ The McKinley Tariff
Define it: / Result:
For discussion: where did “greenbacks” come from? Do you suppose the originators of greenbacks intended for them to become the issue they became? If not, what can that tell us about unintended consequences of war?
_____ The “Crime of ‘73”
Define it: / Results:
______The Sherman Silver Purchase Act
Discussion: Pay close attention to how the Presidency got from Hays through to 1893.
For discussion: So what seem to be the three major political issues of 1870-1900?
(continued)
The Revolt of the Farmers
Pay attention to the targets of farmers’ anger.Pay attention to what were and what happened to the grangers, the Southern Alliance, Colored Farmers’ Alliance. Why did they fail?
Cause: / Munn v. Illinois 1877.
Ruling: / Result:
______The People’s Party forms / Their beliefs (platform)
Democrat candidate:
Populist candidate:
Republican candidate: / Election of 1892 / Results:
What became of the populists?
______Williams vs. Mississippi
Ruling: / Impact:
______Booker T. Washington delivers his “Atlanta Compromise”
Define it: / Result:
Pay attention to the change in politics in the “Solid South” for democrats.
(continued)
The New Realignment
______Depression of 1893. Characteristics: / Results:Specifically regarding old attitudes and new attitudes:
Define: Coxey’s Army
What happened to them?
For discussion: what does the sketch on page 608 show us that might frighten Americans of all classes or walks of life?
1893 repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890
Good question for discussion: so what do we do about “depressions”?? More money? Less money? Government action? Government inaction?
The Battle of the Standards“Silverites” / “sound money” (also called “gold bugs”)
Election of 1896
“You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns. You shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold.” / Who said this?
What does Davidson, et al., suggest he wants you to understand?
Populists
Candidate:
Platform / slogan: / Democrats
Candidate:
Platform / slogan: / Republicans
Candidate:
Gold or Silver?
Protective Tariff or not?
Slogan:
Election results:
Republican coalition:
_____ the Dingley Tariff
Define:
For discussion: In what ways did McKinley steer a moderate course? Consider: His relation to party bosses, the Erdman Act, his plans for stronger regulation of the trusts.
For discussion: So what is the “New Realignment”?? Why might Davidson, et al., used the campaign poster on page 611 to show that?
(continued)
Visions of Empire
European Expansion Worldwide (also examine map on page 614).Pay special attention to how imperialism was causing a race among the leading nations of the world for conquest of territories around the globe. Think about how that will pressure the United States, which did not have such foreign territories in its possession.
Examine graph on p612 or here: / Examine the graph. What is happening in that graph?
Given what is happening, how might that give us “visions of empire” ??
_____ “The Influence of Sea Power Upon History”
Author:
His thesis:
What is the role of each of these à in creating a “vision of empire” in the United States? / Missionaries:
Social Darwinism:
Hard Times 1893-1897:
William Henry Seward:
What is the role of each of these à in actually achieving an international role for the U.S.? / Sec. of State Blaine’s Pan-American Union:
The Venezuelan boundary dispute:
Sec. of State John Hay’s Hay-Paunceforte Treaty 1901:
American sugar planters in Hawaii:
For discussion: Like little children having “visions of sugarplums dancing in their heads” on Christmas Eve, what made the U.S. have visions of empire dancing in its head?
(continued)
The Imperial Moment
Identify each:Jose’ Marti’s rebellion in Cuba
Pres. McKinley
U.S. investment and trade in Cuba
The USS Maine / Spanish – American tensions increase over Cuba / Results:
Americans believed Spain:
The USS Maine:
Congress:
Define the Teller Amendment:
… so now, Spanish-American War had begun …
Pay attention to how the war was fought, the social aspects of it, the “Rough Riders” and Lt. Col. Theodore Roosevelt’s role – this will help make him President. We love our military heroes.Spain surrenders / _____ Senate debates (and approves) the Treaty of Paris
Supporters: / The Results of the War: American Empire. What 4 territories did the U.S. acquire from this war?
1)
2)
3)
4) (The most significant):
Anti-Imperialists versus Imperialists
Who were the anti-imperialists, what did they believe? / Who seemed to be the imperialists? What did they believe?
The Filipinos wanted the Spanish out of the Philippines.
The U.S. helped to drive the Spanish out of the Philippines in 1898.
Why did the U.S. stay?
Emilio Aguinaldo declares: / The Filipino Insurrection
Characterize it: / Results:
Specifically, how did the U.S. handle the Philippines:
For discussion: The Filipino insurrection – does it prove the anti-imperialists correct or does it prove correct the imperialists or neither?
Cause of the first open door note:Cause of the second open door note: / ______Sec. of State John Hay circulates “open door” notes.
Define: / The new American empire would be built:
For discussion: notice how rebellions, insurrections, and civil wars affect the United States.
“We will not renounce our part in the mission of the race, trustee under God of the civilization of the world.” / Who said this?What does he want you to understand, according to Davidson, etal.?
For discussion: A French diplomat said “The United States is seated at the table where the great game is played, and it cannot leave it.” There is a lot of foreshadowing in this. The “great game” is the building of land empires around the globe. Why did the U.S. do so and why might it not be able to “leave the game”? For that matter, has the U.S. ever “left” the game of acquiring more territory? What has this always led to? Will it commit the U.S. to ‘defending’ it’s trade or foreign possessions?