Table S1 The phylogenetic affiliation and distribution of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences analyzed from the MS library.

Phylogenetic group / Closest sequences/ microorganism / Acession no. / Identity (%) / Habitat of closest relative
Proteobacteria / Acidovorax sp. / AB607278 / 96% / Surface water of freshwater lake
Betaproteobacteria / UnculturedLeptothrix sp. / GU572372 / 96% / An Fe-rich seep
Leptothrix discophora / L33975 / 96.53% / Sheathed bacteria
Uncultured beta proteobacterium / JN038752 / 98% / Chongxi wetland soil
Uncultured bacterium / AJ876696 / 98% / River sediment
Uncultured Rhodocyclaceae bacterium / FM207949 / 99% / Activated sludge and freshwater sediment
Uncultured beta proteobacterium / JF703331 / 99% / Root and rhizophere soil
Uncultured Thiobacillus sp. / FJ536883 / 99% / Waste-activated sludge
Uncultured bacterium / AB568020 / 99% / Wastewater treatment plant
Uncultured beta proteobacterium / FJ538157 / 98% / Paddy field soil
Uncultured bacterium / AM910054 / 98% / Rhizosphere soil from rice field
Ramlibacter sp. / AY429716 / 97.28% / Contaminated groundwater
Azospira oryzae / AJ630299 / 99% / Electricity-generating microbial fuel cell
Gammaproteobacteria / Uncultured Aeromonas sp. / JX483808 / 95% / Host: Acipenser baerii
Pantoea agglomerans / AM184307 / 99.22% / River water
Uncultured gamma proteobacterium / FJ744832 / 95% / Surface water
Acinetobacter sp. / EF103568 / 98.90% / Jang-Baek waterfall
Uncultured bacterium / DQ499314 / 98% / Microbial biofillm
Thermomonas haemolytica / AF508108 / 96.23% / Natural and contaminated environments
Uncultured bacterium / HM125473 / 97% / Soil
Uncultured bacterium / JF703345 / 99% / Root and rhizophere soil
Rheinheimera sp. / EU037269 / 98.32% / Chromium contaminated soil
Alphaproteobacteria / Ochrobactrum sp. / AJ550273 / 99% / Activated sludge
Uncultured bacterium / HQ538632 / 96% / Bulking activated sludge
Porphyrobacter sp. / HM359118 / 98% / Hot water spring water sample
Agromonas sp. / GQ369105 / 88% / Rhizosphere of a rice field managed under zero-tillage practice
Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense / FJ540956 / 99.54% / Cowpea nodule
Rhodobacter sp. / EU741065 / 98.12% / Marine sediment
Uncultured Sphingomonadales bacterium / FJ889322 / 99% / Agricultural soil
Uncultured alpha proteobacterium / CU922792 / 98% / Mesophilic anaerobic digester
Sphingomonas sp. / AJ620193 / 98.29% / Host strains
/ Uncultured alpha proteobacterium / HM856391 / 91% / Yellowstone Lake
Uncultured bacterium / JX112937 / 99% / Rice paddy soil
Rhodobacter sp. / AB251407 / 97.20% / Swine wastewater ditch
Acidisphaera sp. / AF376024 / 95.29% / Acidic drainage Waters
Devosia sp. / AM411922 / 99% / Rice paddy soil
Hyphomicrobium sp. / AM411913 / 96.98% / Flooded rice paddy soil microcosm
Deltaproteobacteria / Myxococcales sp. / AJ233948 / 90% / Culture collection
Uncultured bacterium / JN977244 / 92% / Jiaozhao Bay sediment
Uncultured bacterium / JX222547 / 83% / Subsurface aquifer sediment
Uncultured bacterium / JF922466 / 99% / Drinking water pipeline
Uncultured bacterium / AY703467 / 98% / Altamira Cave
Geobacter sulfurreducens / U13928 / 98% / Biofilm attached to the electrode materials in microbial fuel cell
Uncultured Bacteriovorax sp. / EU341261 / 93% / Commercial aircraft cabin air
Bacteroidetes / Uncultured Flavobacteriaceae bacterium / JF413990 / 99% / Water
Uncultured bacterium / HM243831 / 98% / Middle sediment from HonghuLake
Flavobacteriaceae bacterium / JF496536 / 99% / Soil
Fluviicola taffensis / NR_041911 / 96.52% / Freshwater
Sediminibacterium sp. / AB470450 / 96.64% / Freshwater lake
Flavobacterium sp. / GU295969 / 98% / Cheonho reservoir
Uncultured bacterium / HM460640 / 99% / Water recirculating system
Uncultured bacterium / JF428924 / 95% / Rhizosphere soil
Uncultured bacterium / JQ958718 / 92% / Physically-detached sample
Uncultured bacterium / FJ508678 / 99% / Ulcerative colitis patient
Uncultured Bacteroidetes bacterium / EU283383 / 94% / Activated sludge
Sediminibacterium sp. / AB470450 / 98.94% / Freshwater lake
Flavobacterium terrigena / DQ889724 / 97.69% / Soil
Uncultured bacterium / HQ385507 / 99% / Activated sludge
Uncultured bacterium / FJ612391 / 99% / Lake water
Flavobacteriumsp. / DQ222427 / 95.25% / Greenhouse soils
Uncultured bacterium / AY693824 / 90% / Anaerobic sludge
Uncultured bacterium / DQ066983 / 97% / Sediment of Lake Washington
Bacteroides sp. / AY949860 / 98.47% / Paper mill waste water
Chloroflexi / Uncultured bacterium / EU746695 / 98% / Drinking water system
Uncultured Chloroflexi bacterium / JN038817 / 95% / Chongxi wetland soil
/ Uncultured Chloroflexus sp. / AB425067 / 99% / Biofilm from stones in a freshwater spring containing hydrogen sulfide and iron
Uncultured Chloroflexi bacterium / AM935790 / 94% / Hydrocarbon-contaminated soil
Uncultured Chloroflexi bacterium / AY921737 / 99% / Farm soil
Anaerolinea thermolimosa / NR_040970.1 / 90% / Mesophilic and thermophilic methanogenic sludge
Uncultured bacterium / EF590051 / 93% / Nitrobenzene-contaminated river sediment
Uncultured Chloroflexi bacterium / HE614825 / 93% / Arsenic and gold mine
Herpetosiphon aurantiacus ATCC 23779 / CP000875 / 99.08% / Culture collection
Uncultured bacterium / EU499503 / 99% / Activated sludge
Uncultured Chloroflexi bacterium / AB293391 / 99% / Anoxic rice field soil
Uncultured bacterium / GU325911 / 98% / Ohio River sediment
Uncultured Anaerolineae bacterium / AM935798 / 92% / Hydrocarbon-contaminated soil
Nitrospira / Uncultured Nitrospira sp. / JN217071 / 99% / Anaerobic culture
Uncultured Nitrospira sp. / HM438556 / 98% / Soil contaminated with anthracene
Nitrospira moscoviensis / AF155152 / 99% / Freshwater
Planctomycetes / Planctomyces sp. / X81951 / 92.24% / Water
Planctomyces limnophilus / CP001744 / 99% / Surface water
Uncultured Planctomyces sp. / FJ543033 / 98% / High ergovaline treatment gut
Uncultured planctomycete / HE614845 / 98% / Arsenic and gold mine
Uncultured Planctomycetales bacterium / JN825605 / 96% / Alchichica alkaline lake
Uncultured planctomycete / JF319216 / 98% / Rhizosphere soil
Uncultured bacterium / HQ828008 / 98% / Hypereutrophic lake
Uncultured Planctomycetaceae bacterium / AM935629 / 99% / Hydrocarbon-contaminated soil
OD1 / Uncultured candidate division OD1 bacterium / JF344116 / 100% / Hydrocarbon polluted marine sediments from rodas beach
Uncultured bacterium / EF073813 / 98% / Pasture
Verrucomicrobia / Prosthecobacter debontii / NR_026023 / 83% / Culture collection
Uncultured Verrucomicrobia bacterium / JN820219 / 98% / Ferromanganese deposit
Cyanobacteria / Uncultured bacterium / JX105663 / 92% / Ornamental fish aquaria
Pseudanabaena sp. / AM259269 / 97% / Eutrophic Lake Tuusulanjarvi
Pseudanabaena sp. / AB527076 / 98% / Atami Botanical Research Garden
Chlorobi / Uncultured bacterium / GQ472436 / 90% / Lake sediment
Uncultured Chlorobi bacterium / GQ342332 / 93% / Heavy metal and uranium contaminated soil
Uncultured bacterium / DQ066983 / 90% / Sediment of Lake Washington
Uncultured bacterium / FJ660517 / 99% / Activated sludge
Firmicutes / Uncultured Clostridiaceae bacterium / FM204995 / 98% / 1,2-dichloroethane contaminated Aquifer
Acidobacteria / Uncultured bacterium / FJ004647 / 98% / Rhizosphere soil
Uncultured bacterium / JQ923543 / 99% / Drinking water distribution system
Uncultured Acidobacteria bacterium / JQ919768 / 99% / Gasoline-polluted soil
Uncultured bacterium / AF407714 / 93% / Australia's Great Artesian Basin
Uncultured bacterium / EF019248 / 96% / Trembling aspen rhizosphere
Uncultured Holophaga sp. / AJ519640 / 97% / Uranium mill tailings, soil sample
Uncultured Acidobacteria bacterium / HQ598117 / 97% / Woodland soil
Uncultured bacterium / EU132280 / 99% / Soil from an undisturbed mixed grass prairie preserve
Uncultured Acidobacteria bacterium / AM936860 / 98% / Pilot-scale bioremediation process of a hydrocarbon-contaminated soil
Uncultured prokaryote / GU208336 / 93% / Dongping Lake sediment
Uncultured Holophaga sp. / AJ519665 / 97% / Uranium mill tailings, soil sample
Uncultured Acidobacteria bacterium / EF562076 / 99% / Henderson Molybdenum Mine
Uncultured Acidobacteria bacterium / HQ597535 / 96% / Grassland soil
Uncultured bacterium / EU132169 / 98% / Soil from an undisturbed mixed grass prairie preserve
GN04 / Uncultured bacterium / FJ810541 / 98% / Coal tar waste-contaminated groundwater
Actinobacteria / Microbacterium arborescens / X77443 / 99.63% / Water
Uncultured Sporichthyaceae / EU266892 / 99% / Tar-oil contaminated aquifer sediments
Uncultured actinobacterium / JN037894 / 94% / Saline-alkaline soil
Uncultured bacterium / JN644188 / 99% / Rice soil
Nocardioides sp. / EF466120 / 95.10% / Soil
Gemmatimonadetes / Uncultured Gemmatimonadetes bacterium / FM209110 / 96% / Hydrocarbon-contaminated soil
Uncultured Gemmatimonadetes bacterium / DQ640715 / 99% / Activated sludge
Gemmatimonas aurantiaca / AP009153 / 86.20% / Activated sludge for phosphorus removal
Uncultured bacterium / EF667669 / 96% / River sediment
Gemmatimonas aurantiaca / AB072735 / 95.41% / Activated sludge for phosphorus removal