T-Party 2010: OM NOM NOM KENZABURO OE
Edited by Bruce Arthur, Rob Carson, Mike Cheyne, Shantanu Jha, Bernadette Spencer, and Andy Watkins
Packet by Yale (John Lawrence, Richard Mason, Aaron Sin, and Sam Spaulding) and Michigan (Michael Hausinger, Scot Putzig, Surya Sabhapathy, Phil Guan, Kurtis Droge)
TOSSUPS
1. Painted the same year as its artist's Adam and Eve Expelled from Paradise, this work draws from its artist's Aureoles series. Texts displayed in this work include an ad for Butchers in Jerusalem. A figure wearing a sombrero stands on the right of this canvas, while reformer Emile Littre in a bishop’s gown leads a crowd that notably features a skull-faced man in a top hat. The man who stands at the upper right with a cane and sash may be the mayor of the titular city. For 10 points,name this painting by James Ensor that depicts the Messiah’s arrival at a city in Belgium.
ANSWER: Christ’s Entry into Brussels in 1889 or The Entry of Christ into Brussels
2. This mathematician names an integral to compute the number of times a knot may be mapped onto the sphere, giving the linking number. A formula that sets the integral over a manifold's boundary of the geodesic curvature plus the integral over the manifold of hiscurvature equal to two pi times the Euler characteristic is named for himand for Bonnet. He is the namesake of a probability distribution which maximizes entropy for a given mean and variance; that distribution is followed by the sums of random variables according to the central limit theorem and has the general form e to negative x squared. For 10 points, name this namesake of the normal distribution.
ANSWER: Carl Friedrich Gauss
3. This man met with Army Secretary Robert Stevens in what would be called the “Chicken Luncheon.” He was heavily criticized for his defense of the SS soldiers accused of perpetrating the Malmedy massacre. This man was later investigated by the Watkins Committee, and he was earlier rebuked by the Tydings Committee. This politician’s downfall came after he was notably criticized by attorney Joseph Welch. In 1950, this man gave a speech in Wheeling, West Virginia, where he claimed to have an infamous list. For 10 points, name this Wisconsin Senator whose name is synonymous with the 1950’s “witch-hunting” of Communists in the government.
ANSWER: Joseph McCarthy
4. One man from this country wrote the novel Paradiso. Another writer from this country wrote a novel featuring the relationship of Vivian Smith Corona and Eribo as well as the section "Headcracker", wherein Bustrófedon becomes a Christ figure. One writer from this country wrote of Dr. Ogé curing Esteban of his asthma and Sofia succumbing to the advances of Victor Hugues in one novel. Besides the authors of Three Trapped Tigers and Explosion in a Cathedral, a poet from this nation wrote of how he "cultivates a white rose" and is "an honest man from where the palm trees grow" in "Guantanamera." For 10 points, name this country home to Alejo Carpentier and Jose Marti.
ANSWER: Cuba
5. J.S. Bach’s first Brandenburg Concerto is only one in the set of six to use this instrument. The main melody of the second movement of Tchaikovsky’s Fifth Symphony is played on one of these instruments, while Benjamin Britten set poems such as Jonson’s “Hymn to Diana” and Blake’s “The Sick Rose” in his Serenade for Tenor, this instrument, and Strings. The titular hero of Strauss’Till Eulenspiegel’s Merry Pranks is portrayed by one of these instruments, whose performers often put a fist in its bell while playing. For 10 points, identify this brass instrument, three of which portray the wolf in Peter and the Wolf, not to be confused with a similar “English” instrument.
ANSWER: French horn [accept corno or corni; do not accept “English horn” or other incorrect answers]
6. This nation's largest city contains the Malecon 2000, and its capital was founded as a colony at Cuenca. Attractions in this nation include the Mitad del Mundo and the open-air markets at Otavalo. This nation contains the Avenue of the Volcanos, and its highest peak is the furthest from the center of the earth. An 1822 meeting between Jose de San Martin and Simon Bolivar took place in its largest city. It contains the peaks of Chimborazo and Cotopaxi, and this nation owns an archipelago that contains the islands of Isabella and Santa Cruz and the Charles Darwin Research Station. For 10 points, name this South American nation containing the Galapagos Islands, whose cities include Guayaquil and Quito.
ANSWER: Ecuador
7. Participants in this event opposed the corrupt “Ten Regular Attendants." He Jin led the military opposition to this event, while forces under Bo Cai were put down by Zhu Jun and Huangfu Song. Participants in this event believed that “the Blue Sky” had perished and venerated the god Huang-lo, who had given its leader a sacred book. That leader’s brothers Bao and Liang helped him lead this rebellion, which, like the earlier Five Pecks of Rice revolt, was put down by the Han general Cao Cao. For 10 points, name this Zhang Jiao-led uprising against the Han Dynasy whose followers practiced the Way of Great Peace and were named after a colorful piece of headware.
ANSWER: Yellow Turban Rebellion [accept synonyms for “Rebellion”; accept Yellow Scarves Rebellion; accept Huang Jin Zhi Luan]
8. One character in this play tells his father “timid innocence” was never known to suddenly become “extreme licence.” The title character apostrophizes her father in telling him “Venus' wrath has doomed your race”, shortly before she castigates her maid. A half-bull half-dragon is summoned on a favour owed by Neptune to kill a character that discusses his desire to leave Troezen with Théramène and loves Ismène's friend Aricie. Oenone convinces the title character to tell her husband that his son forced himself on her. For 10 points, name this play in which the title character is destroyed by her love for Thésée 's son Hippolyte, a work of Jean Racine.
ANSWER: Phèdre [or Phaedra]
9. This pathway can be used to reduce the amount of the toxic terpenoid gossypol in cotton seeds without doing so in the rest of the plant. The original research on this concept was performed using the unc-22 and unc-54 genes, important to muscle contraction. One result of this pathway sees cleavage by Argonaute. This process begins when a certain type of double-stranded nucleic acid is cleaved by the Dicer enzyme and incorporated into the RISC. A diet of transformed bacteria induces this process in C. elegans, where it was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello. For 10 points, name this cellular mechanism which stops the transcription of a gene.
ANSWER: RNA interference
10. Book One of this work posits that the irrational soul consists of “vegetative” and “ethical” parts. One part of it outlines the five dispositions of the soul, or hexis. It examines the third type of action, the non-voluntary, in another section that claims that choice, will, and deliberation are characteristic of both positive and negative actions. This work argues that contemplative wisdom can only be obtained after all other moral virtues are present. It uses the analogy of an archer to describe how a magnanimous man exercises the Doctrine of the Mean, and it argues that the end goal of life is happiness, or eudemonia. For 10 points, name this ethical treatise by Aristotle named after his son.
ANSWER: Nicomachean Ethics or Ethika Nikomacheia
11. This musician’s collaborations with Miles Davis include an appearance on the title track in Bags’ Groove, which was composed by Milt Jackson, with whom he would collaborate on “Misterioso” and Miles Davis and the Modern Giants. His fruitful period with the Riverside label saw 1956’s Brilliant Corners, though he is better known for his six session with Blue Note, which marketed him as the “Genius of Modern Music”. Compositions by him include “Ruby, My Dear”, “Well, You Needn’t”, and “Straight, No Chaser” but he is most famous for a song that is the most recorded standard ever written by a jazz musician. For 10 points, who is pianist and composer of ‘Round Midnight?
ANSWER: Thelonious Monk
12. In a note published with this poem, its author lamented how “a thousand circlets spread, / and each mis-shape the other”. Its speaker compares a fountain to “chaffy grain beneath the thresher’s flail” after describing “forests ancient as the hills” and “gardens bright with sinuous rills”. Its speaker tells of a vision of an Abyssinian maid playing a dulcimer and singing of Mount Abora and desires to build a structure featuring “caves of ice” near the river Alph so that people will cry “Beware! Beware! / His flashing eyes, his floating hair!” For 10 points, name this poem in which “a stately pleasure-dome” is decreed in Xanadu by the title emperor, a work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
ANSWER: “Kubla Khan”
13. In one episode of this show, a character burns down the place he worked as a child, only to find out that the walls were stuffed with cash. In another episode of this show, a character’s inability to understand Spanish led him to believe his girlfriend was cheating on him with a man named “Hermano.” One character on this show rides a Segway, has a puppet named Franklin, and dances to “The Final Countdown” while performing his magic act. That character is Gob [“Johb"], whose siblings include Lindsay and Buster. For 10 points, name this now-cancelled FOX comedy about the Bluth family, which starred Jason Bateman, Will Arnett, and Jeffrey Tambor.
ANSWER: Arrested Development
14. A high-pressure reaction of this type carried out on bituminous coal is the Bergius process. Ruthenium complexed with an enantiomer of BINAP is used for Noyori's asymmetric one. Other organometallic catalysts of this process include Crabtree's and chlorotris(triphenylphosphine) rhodium, which is Wilkinson's catalyst for accomplishing this. This can be done to benzene using Raney nickel, and lead acetate is used to poison Lindlar's catalyst as it performs this operation gently on alkynes, giving the cis product. The subject of many studies on small-molecule activation, for 10 points, name this process, which involves adding the simplest diatomic gas to an unsaturated compound.
ANSWER: hydrogenation [prompt on reduction]
15. Count von Cobenzl was fired as foreign minister after this battle. This battle resulted in a treaty signed in the Primate’s Palace in Bratislava, the Treaty of Pressburg. The winning commander at this battle defied convention by dividing his army against a numerically superior force and choosing to fight from the low ground. This battle ended with the taking of the Pratzen Heights, and saw the losers retreat over a frozen lake. For 10 points, name this greatest victory of Napoleon Bonaparte, where he routed the combined forces of Alexander I of Russia and Francis II of Austria, which led to its alternate name of "Battle of the Three Emperors."
ANSWER: Battle of Austerlitz [accept Battle of the Three Emperors until mention]
16. Many celebrants of this festival welcome in seven exalted guests with the ushpizin prayer. Items important to this holiday include the arba minin that represent the eye, mouth, heart, and spine, and are carried around the synagogue in the morning as prescribed in Leviticus 23. Adherents beat the ground with five willow branches on the last day of this festival, the Hoshana Rabba during which households bless the etrog and lulav. It begins on the 15th of Tishrei, five days after Yom Kippur and is also called the Feast of the Tabernacles. For 10 points, name this Jewish holiday, a pilgrimage festival that features the building of temporary booths or huts.
ANSWER: Sukkot [or Sukkos; accept Feast of the Tabernacles or Feast of Booths before mentioned]
17. This author wrote a novella in which Linus Steinman attempts to find his number-reciting parrot Bruno with the help of a beekeeping retired detective that is implied to be Sherlock Holmes. One of his characters investigates both Alter Litvak’s attempt to bomb the Dome of the Rock and the murder of Mendel Shpilman with his half-Tlingit [KLINK-it] partner Berko Shemets in a Jewish settlement in Sitka, Alaska. This author of The Final Solution created Meyer Landsman and wrote a novel about the creators of Amazing Midget Radio Comics, Luna Moth, and The Escapist. For 10 points, identify this author ofThe Yiddish Policemen's Union andThe Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay.
ANSWER: Michael Chabon
18. This man was never actually named emperor by his predecessor, but rather by that predecessor’s wife, Plotina. One of this man’s first actions was to put down a possible rebellion led by Lucius Quietus. His namesake mausoleum later became known as the Castel Sant’ Angelo. This man abandoned his predecessor’s conquests in Mesopotamia for fear that they could not be defended. As well as rebuilding the Pantheon, this man built a namesake wall during his conquests in Great Britain. For 10 points, name this Roman Emperor, the successor to Trajan and predecessor to Antoninus Pius.
ANSWER: Hadrian or Publius Aelius Hadrianus
19. This effect decreases the time a photon spends as an electron-positron pair, permitting them to travel a tiny fraction faster than c, as calculated by Scharnhorst. Anharmonic oscillators named for this effect can model some MEMS components. This effect is invoked in the baryon mass prediction of the chiral bag model and in Julian Schwinger's explanation for sonoluminescence. Its namesake demonstrated the force resulting from this effect with Polder. Lifshitz used van der Waals forces to explain this phenomenon on a microscopic scale. Resulting from nonzero vacuum energy, for 10 points, name this attractive force that occurs between two uncharged conducting plates.
ANSWER: Casimir -Lifshitz effect
20. This deity’s wife, a daughter of Puloman, once tied a cord around his wrist in order to ensure his victory in battle. In one story, Krishna picked up the Govardhan hill to shelter a town from this god’s assaults, while in another story he learns that the former holders of his name are now ants. He lives in Svarga, near the top ofMt. Meru, and his attendants are the Maruts. This deity once split open a cave called the Vala to release the cows and the Ushas. This rider of Airavata destroyed 99 fortresses before retrieving the world’s water from an enemy that he killed with the thunderbolt Vajra. For 10 points, identify this soma-loving foe of the serpent Vritra, the Vedic god of storms.
ANSWER: Indra [accept Sakra, Phra In, Saudharmendra, or Taishakuten]
TIEBREAKER
The Dutch set up an outpost in this state called “Fort Hoop.” A massacre in this state saw Captain John Mason attack an Indian village, with only a force under Sassacus managing to escape. That massacre saw Mason aided by the Mohegan tribe under Uncas. This state’s royal charter was hidden in an oak tree from Edmund Andros. A treaty signed in this state ended a conflict which saw the Mystic Massacre, the Pequot War. This state was founded by Puritan leader Thomas Hooker. For 10 points, name this New England state whose first constitution was called the Fundamental Orders and has its capital at Hartford.
ANSWER: Connecticut
T-Party 2010: OM NOM NOM KENZABURO OE
Edited by Bruce Arthur, Rob Carson, Mike Cheyne, Shantanu Jha, Bernadette Spencer, and Andy Watkins
Packet by Team
BONUSES
1. This council declared Constantinople to be second in importance only to Rome, and its namesake confession declared Jesus to be fully human and fully divine. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this fourth ecumenical council, held in Asia Minor, that repudiated the monophysite herey which stated the idea that Jesus had only one nature.
ANSWER: Council of Chalcedon
[10] This earlier council had refuted the heresy of Nestorianism, which, like monophysitism, had also criticized the official church doctrine that Christ was of two natures. The second council held here was labeled a “robber synod” at Chalcedon.
ANSWER: First Council of Ephesus
[10] Chalcedon also condemned this heresy that is essentially the reverse of Arianism. It claims that Jesus’ physical body was an illusion and that he didn’t actually die during the Crucifixion. It was later incorporated into Catharism.
ANSWER: Docetism
2. Chemical engineers design reactors to maximize the efficiency of the reactions that occur therein. For 10 points each:
[10] Plug-flow reactors are often preferred for reactions for which this property is very high. If a system's energy is between E and E plus a very small delta E, and sigma of E is the volume of phase space with energy less than E, then the reciprocal of this quantity is proportional to one over sigma times the derivative of sigma with respect to E.