Supplement 3 Literature Used in Obtaining the Morphological Data Forspecies of Pseudo-Nitzschia

Supplement 3 Literature used in obtaining the morphological data forspecies of Pseudo-nitzschia that served to build thecharacter mapping.

P. australis Frenguelli / Anderson et al. 2006, p. 125, figs 4A‒B, Bargu et al. 2008, p. 50, figs 2A‒B, Churro et al. 2009, p. 43, figs 12‒16, Costa and Garrido 2004, Fehling et al. 2006, p. 98, fig. 7A, Fernandes and Brandini 2010, p. 50, figs 2‒14, Hasle et al. 1996, p. 143, fig. 16, Hasle and Lundholm 2005, p. 613, Hernández-Becerril 1998, p. 79, figs 5–7, Klein et al. 2010, p. 221. fig. 4B, Rhodes 1998, p. 540, fig. 1, Trainer et al. 2007, p. 455, figs 8C‒D, Villac et al. 1993, p. 217, figs 3‒5.

P. antarcticaManguin

/ Scott and Marchant 2005.
P. fraudulenta / Carla et al. 2002, p. 59, figs 3I and J, Churro et al. 2009, p. 46, figs 25‒28, Congestri et al. 2008, p. 201, figs 2A‒F, Cusack et al. 2004, p. 62, figs 4A‒F, Fehling et al. 2006, p. 98, fig. 7B, Hasle et al. 1996, p. 144, figs 17‒19, Hernández-Becerril 1998, p. 80, figs 8–11, Klein et al. 2010, p. 221, figs 4E and F, Leandro et al. 2010, p. 293, fig. 2F, Ljubešić et al. 2011, p. 716, figs 7A‒E, Moschandreou and Nikolaidis 2010, p. 163, figs 16‒18, Quijano-Scheggia et al. 2008, p. 350, figs 3A and D, 2010, p. 402, figs 2I and J, Rhodes 1998, p. 540, fig. 1, Stonik et al. 2008, 2011, p. 127, figs 22‒26, Thessen et al. 2009, p. 796, figs 7A and F, Yap-Dejeto et al. 2010, p. 8, figs 17A‒C.
P.fryxelliana Lundholm / Lundholm et al. 2012, p. 442, figs 2A‒K.
P. galaxiae / Lundholm and Moestrup 2002, p. 596, figs 1‒14, Quijano-Scheggia et al. 2010, p. 402, figs 2K‒L, Yap-Dejeto et al. 2010, p. 9, figs 18A‒C.
P. granii (Hasle) Hasle / Marchetti et al. 2008, p. 653, figs 2A‒D.
P. heimii Manguin / Marchetti et al. 2008, p. 654, figs 3A‒D, Rhodes 1998, p. 540, fig. 1, Almandoz et al. 2008, p. 439, figs 7M‒P, Hasle et al. 1996, p. 146, figs 65‒69.
P. multiseries (Hasle) Hasle / Amzil et al. 2001, p. 1248, figs 3A‒B, Bates et al. 1989, p. 1212, figs 4A‒C, Carla et al. 2002, p. 58, figs 2B‒C, Cusack et al. 2004, p. 62 figs 2A‒B, Eun Seob et al. 2001, p. 209, fig. 1B, Fernandes and Brandini 2010, p. 55, figs 46 and 58, Hasle 1995, p. 140, figs 11‒12, Hasle and Lundholm 2005, p. 613, Kaczmarska et al. 2005, p. 11, figs 30‒34, Larsen and Nguyen 2004, p. 29, Stonik et al. 2001, p. 363, fig. 2f, 2011, p. 128, figs 30‒35, Thessen et al. 2009, p. 796, figs 7C‒D, Villac et al. 1993, p. 215, figs 1‒2, Vrieling et al. 1996, p. 336, figs 3 and 7.
P. obtusa (Hasle) Hasle et Lundholm / Hasle and Lundholm 2005, p. 614, figs 2, 4‒5, 7‒10, 15‒17, Stonik et al. 2011, p. 128, figs 40‒44.
P. prolongatoides (Hasle) Hasle / Almandoz et al. 2008, p. 439, figs 7Q–T.
P. pungiformis (Hasle) Hasle / Hasle and Syvertsen 1997, p. 313.
P. roundii Hernández-Becerril / Hernández-Becerril and Diaz-Almeyda 2006.
P. seriata (Cleve) H. Peragallo / Congestri et al. 2008, p. 201, figs 1A‒B, Hasle and Lundholm 2005, p. 611, figs 1, 3, 6, 11‒14, 18, Leandro et al. 2010, p. 293, fig. 2B,Stonik et al. 2011, p. 130, figs 49‒53.
P. subcurvata (Hasle) Fryxell / Almandoz et al. 2008, p. 439, figs 7U‒X.
P. subpacifica (Hasle) Hasle / Churro et al. 2009,p. 48, figs 38‒42, Hasle et al. 1996, p. 135, Kaczmarska et al. 2005, p. 16, figs 53‒60, Leandro et al. 2010, p. 293, fig. 2C.
P. turgiduloides (Hasle) Hasle / Almandoz et al. 2008,p. 440, figs 7A‒D.

References

Almandoz, G., G. Ferreyra, I. Schloss, A. Dogliotti, V. Rupolo, F. Paparazzo, J. Esteves and M. Ferrario. 2008. Distribution and ecology of Pseudo-nitzschia species(Bacillariophyceae) in surface waters of the Weddell Sea (Antarctica). Polar Biol.31: 429–442.

Amzil, Z., J. Fresnel, D. Le Gal and C. Billard. 2001. Domoic acid accumulation in French shellfish in relation to toxic species of Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries and P. pseudodelicatissima. Toxicon 39: 1245–1251.

Anderson, C. R., M.A. Brzezinski, L. Washburn and R. Kudela. 2006. Circulation and environmental conditions during a toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia australis bloom in the Santa Barbara Channel, California. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.327: 119–33.

Bargu, S., T. Koray and N. Lundholm. 2002. First report of Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha Lundholm, Moestrup and Hasle 2003, a new potentially toxic species from Turkish coasts. E.U. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.19: 479–483.

Bates, S. S., C. J. Bird, A. S. W. D. Freitas, R. Foxall, M. Gilgan, L. A. Hanic, G. R. Johonson, A. W. McCulloch, P. Odense, R. Pocklington, M. A. Quilliam, P. G. Sim, J. C. Smith, D. V. S. Rao, E. C. D. Todd, J. A. Walter and J. L. C. Wright. 1989. Pennate diatom Nitzschia pungens as the primary source of domoic acid, a toxin in shellfish from eastern Prince Edward Island, Canada. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.46: 1203–1215.

Carla, M. S., C. Laurie, A.B. Keri, D.B. Brian, G.A. Nicolaus and L.T. Vera. 2002. Morphological, toxicological, and genetic differences among Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) species in inland embayments and outer coastal waters of Washington State, USA. J. Phycol. 38: 55–65.

Churro, C. I., C. C. Carreira, F. J. Rodrigues, S. C. Craveiro, A. J. Calado, G. Casteleyn and N. Lundholm. 2009. Diversity and abundance of potentially toxic Pseudo-Nitzschia Peragallo in Aveiro coastal lagoon, Portugal and description of a new variety, P. pungens var. aveirensis var. nov. Diatom Res.24: 35–62.

Congestri, R., S. Polizzano and P. Albertano. 2008. Toxic Pseudo-nitzschia populations from the middle Tyrrhenian Sea (Mediterranean Sea, Italy). In: (V. Evangelista, L. Barsanti, A. M. Frassanito, V. Passarelli and P. Gualtieri, eds) Algal toxins: nature, occurrence, effect and detection. Springer, Netherlands, pp. 197–210.

Costa, P. R. & Garrido, S. 2004. Domoic acid accumulation in the sardine Sardina pilchardus and its relationship to Pseudo-nitzschia diatom ingestion. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.284: 261‒268.

Cusack, C., R. Raine and J. Patching. 2004. Occurrence of Species from the Genus Pseudo-nitzschia Peragallo in Irish Waters. Biol. Environ. Proc. R. Ir. Acad. 104: 55–74.

D'Alelio, D., A. Amato, W. H. C. F. Kooistra, G. Procaccini, R. Casotti and M. Montresor. 2009. Internal transcribed spacer polymorphism in Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata (Bacillariophyceae) in the Gulf of Naples: recent divergence or intraspecific hybridization? Protist160: 9–20.

Eun Seob, C., P. Jong Gyu, O. Bong Cheol and C. Yong Chul. 2001. The application of species specific DNA-targeted probes and fluorescently tagged lectin to differentiate several species of Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillophyceae) in Chinhae Bay, Korea. Sci. Mar. 65: 207–214.

Fehling, J., K. Davidson, C. Bolch and P. Tett. 2006. Seasonality of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. (Bacillariophyceae) in western Scottish waters. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 323: 91–105.

Fernandes, L. F. and F. P. Brandini. 2010. The potentially toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia H. Peragallo in the Paraná; and Santa Catarina States, Southern Brazil. Iheringia. Série Bot.65: 47–62.

Hasle, G.R. 1965. Nitzschia and Fragilariopsis species studied in thelight and electron microscopes II. The group Pseudo-nitzschia. Skrifter Norske Vidensk Akademie18: 1–45.

Hasle, G., C. Lange and E. E. Syvertsen. 1996. A review of Pseudo-nitzschia, with special reference to the Skagerrak, North Atlantic, and adjacent waters. Helgoland Mar. Res.50: 131–175.

Hasle, G. R. 1995. Pseudo-nitzschia pungens and P. multiseries (Bacillariophyceae): Nomenclatural history, morphology, and distribution. J. Phycol. 31: 428–435.

Hasle, G. R. and N. Lundholm. 2005. Pseudo-nitzschia seriata f. obtusa (Bacillariophyceae) raised in rank based on morphological, phylogenetic and distributional data. Phycologia44: 608–619.

Hasle, G. and E. E. Syvertsen. 1997. Marine diatoms. In: (Tomas, C. R. ed) Identifying marine phytoplankton. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 1–385.

Hernández-Becerril, D. 1998. Species of the planktonic diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia of the Pacific coasts of Mexico. Hydrobiologia 379: 77–84.

Hernández-Becerril, D. and Diaz-Almeyda E.M. 2006. T he Nitzschia bicapitata group, new records of the genus Nitzschia, and further studies on species of Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyta) from Mexican Pacific coasts. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft. 130: 293–306.

Kaczmarska, I., M. M. LeGresley, J. L. Martin and J. Ehrman. 2005. Diversity of the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia Peragallo in the Quoddy Region of the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Harmful Algae4: 1–19.

Klein, C., P. Claquin, V. Bouchart, B. Le Roy and B. Veron. 2010. Dynamics of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. and domoic acid production in a macrotidal ecosystem of the Eastern English Channel (Normandy, France). Harmful Algae 9: 218–226.

Larsen, J. and N.L. Nguyen. 2004. Potentially toxic microalgae of Vietnamese waters. Koeltz Scientific Books, Copenhagen, pp. 216.

Leandro, L. F., R. M. Rolland, P. B. Roth, N. Lundholm, Z. Wang and G. J. Doucette. 2010. Exposure of the North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena glacialis to the marine algal biotoxin, domoic acid. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.398: 287–303.

Li, Y., L. N. He, Y. Y. Ma and S. H. Lu. 2010. The study on morphological taxonomy of Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima complex. Acta Hydrobiol. Sin.34: 302–311.

Ljubešić, Z., S. Bosak, D. Viličić, K.K Borojević, D. Marić, J. Godrijan, I. Ujević, P. Peharec and T. Đakovac. 2011. Ecology and taxonomy of potentially toxic Pseudo-nitzschia species in Lim Bay (north-eastern Adriatic Sea). Harmful Algae 10: 713–722.

Lundholm, N., S. S. Bates, K. A. Baugh, B. D. Bill, L. B. Connell, C. Léger and V. L. Trainer. 2012. Cryptic and pseudo-cryptic diversity in diatoms-with descriptions of Pseudo-nitzschia hasleana sp. nov. and P. fryxelliana sp. nov. J. Phycol.48: 436–454.

Marchetti, A., N. Lundholm, Y. Kotaki, K. Hubbard, P. J. Harrison and E. V. Armbrust. 2008. Identification and assessment of domoic acid production in oceanic Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) from iron-limited waters in the Northeast Subarctic Pacific. J. Phycol.44: 650–661.

Moschandreou, K. K. and G. Nikolaidis. 2010. The genus Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) in Greek coastal waters. Bot. Mar.53: 159–172.

Orsini, L., D. Sarno, G. Procaccini, R. Poletti, J. Dahlmann and M. Montresor. 2002. Toxic Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata (Bacillariophyceae) from the Gulf of Naples: morphology, toxin analysis and phylogenetic relationships with other Pseudo-nitzschia species. Eur. J. Phycol.37: 247–257.

Priisholm, K., Ø. Moestrup and N. Lundholm. 2002. Taxonomic notes on the marine diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia in the Andaman Sea near the island of Phuket, Thailand, with a description of Pseudo-nitzschia micropora sp. nov. Diatom Res.17: 153–175.

Quijano-Scheggia, S., E. Garcés, K. B. Andree, P. de la Iglesia, J. Diogène, J. M. Fortuño and J. Camp. 2010. Pseudo-nitzschia species on the Catalan coast: characterization and contribution to the current knowledge of the distribution of this genus in the Mediterranean Sea. Sci. Mar.74: 395–410.

Quijano-Scheggia, S., E. Garcés, N. Sampedro, K. Van Lenning, E. Flo, K. Andree, J.-M. Fortuño and J. Camp. 2008. Identification and characterisation of the dominant Pseudo-nitzschia species (Bacillariophyceae) along the NE Spanish coast (Catalonia, NW Mediterranean). Sci. Mar.72: 343–359.

Rhodes, L. L. 1998. Identification of potentially toxic Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) in New Zealand coastal waters, using lectins. N. Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res.32: 537–544.

Rhodes, L. L., J. Adamson and C. Scholin. 2000. Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata (Bacillariophyceae) in New Zealand. N. Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res.34: 463–467.

Scott, F.J. and Marchant, H.J. 2005. Antarctic Marine Protists. Australian Biological Resources Study. pp.563.

Stonik, I. V., T. Y. Orlova and N. Lundholm. 2011. Diversity of Pseudo-nitzschia H. Peragallo from the western North Pacific. Diatom Res.26: 121–134.

Stonik, I. V., T.Y. Orlova and O.G. Shevchenko. 2001. Morphology and Ecology of the Species of the Genus Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyta) from Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. Russ. J. Mar. Biol. 27: 362–366.

Thessen, A. E., H.A. Bowers and D.K. Stoecker. 2009. Intra- and interspecies differences in growth and toxicity of Pseudo-nitzschia while using different nitrogen sources. Harmful Algae 8: 792–810.

Trainer, V., L., M. L. Wells, W. P. Cochlan, C. G. Trick, B. D. Bill, K. A. Baugh, B. F. Beall, J. Herndon and N. Lundholm. 2009. An ecological study of a massive bloom of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata off the Washington State coast. Limnol. Oceanogr.54: 1461–1474.

Trainer, V. L., W.P. Cochlan, A. Erickson, B.D. Bill, F.H. Cox, J.A. Borchert and K.A. Lefebvre. 2007. Recent domoic acid closures of shellfish harvest areas in Washington State inland waterways. Harmful Algae6: 449–459.

Villac, M. C., D.L. Roelke, T.A. Villareal and G.A. Fryxell. 1993. Comparison of two domoic acid-producing diatoms: a review. Hydrobiologia269–270: 213–224.

Vrieling, E. G., R.P.T. Koeman, C.A. Scholin, P. Scheerman, L. Peperzak, M. Veenhuis and W.W.C. Gieskes. 1996. Identification of a domoic acid-producing Pseudo-nitzschia species (Bacillariophyceae) in the Dutch Wadden Sea with electron microscopy and molecular probes. Eur. J. Phycol. 31: 333–340.

Yap-Dejeto L, T. Omura, Y. Nagahama, Y. Fukuyo. (2010). Observations of eleven Pseudo-nitzschia species in Tokyo Bay, Japan. La Mer 48: 1–16.